scholarly journals Photogrammetry as an Engineering Design Tool

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Pilar Valerga Puerta ◽  
Rocio Aletheia Jimenez-Rodriguez ◽  
Sergio Fernandez-Vidal ◽  
Severo Raul Fernandez-Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Popular Science ◽  
Design Tool

Photogrammetry is a technique used for studying and precisely defining the shape, dimension, and position in space of any object, using mainly measurements taken over one or more photographs of that object. Today, photogrammetry is a popular science due to its ease of application, low cost, and good results. Based on these causes, it is becoming a good alternative to scanning. This has led to its implementation in different sectors such as the archeological, architectural, and topographical for application in element reconstructions, cartography, or biomechanics. This chapter presents the fundamental aspects of this technology, as well as its great possibilities of application in the engineering field.

Design and Optimization of Multi-Stage Centrifugal Compressors With Uncertainty Quantification of Off Design Performance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Romei ◽  
R. Maffulli ◽  
C. Garcia Sanchez ◽  
S. Lavagnoli
Keyword(s):  
Uncertainty Quantification ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Centrifugal Compressors ◽  
Design Performance ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Multi Stage

The use of multi-stage centrifugal compressors carries out a leading role in oil and gas process applications. Green operation and market competitiveness require the use of low-cost reliable compression units with high efficiencies and wide operating range. A methodology is presented for the design optimization of multi-stage centrifugal compressors with prediction of the compressor map and estimation of the uncertainty limits. A one-dimensional (1D) design tool has been developed that automatically generates a multi-stage radial compressor satisfying the target machine requirements based on a few input parameters. The compressor performance map is then assessed using the method proposed by Casey-Robinson [1], and the approach developed by Al-Busaidi-Pilidis [2]. The off-design performance method relies on empirical correlations calibrated on the performance maps of many single-stage centrifugal compressors. An uncertainty quantification study on the predicted performance maps was conducted using Monte Carlo method (MCM) and generalized Polynomial Chaos Expansion (gPCE). Finally, the design procedure has been coupled to an in-house optimizer based on evolutionary algorithms. The complete design procedure has been applied to a multi-stage industrial compressor test case. A multi-objective optimization of a multi-stage industrial compressor has been performed targeting maximum compressor efficiency and flow range. The results of the optimization show the existence of optimum compressor architectures and how the Pareto fronts evolve depending on the number of stages and shafts.

scholarly journals Haptic Virtual Prototyping of Buttons

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Pranav Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Virtual Prototyping ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Haptic Device ◽  
Haptic Interaction ◽  
Push Button ◽  
Commercial Success ◽  
Physical Product ◽  
Tactile Response ◽  
Haptic Simulation

The design of any physical product involves prototyping. Building physical prototypes of the products can be expensive and time consuming. An alternate to physical prototyping is haptic virtual prototyping, which simulates the product using a computer and a haptic device. A haptic device is one that produces the forces similar to that of the product, giving the user a realistic feel of the product. Since the feel of a product plays a significant role in its commercial success, the importance of haptic virtual prototyping as a design tool is increasing. This paper discusses the haptic simulation of a push button on a low cost and commercially available haptic device called Novint Falcon.  Two different models were created – the first one was a simple push button, and the second was an on/off click button. The parameters of the two models were selected such that they have the most accurate tactile response or feel of the product. The two models successfully simulated the feel of the buttons, and it was found that haptic virtual prototyping of buttons is achievable using a low cost haptic interaction system.

scholarly journals A Portable Device for Methane Measurement Using a Low-Cost Semiconductor Sensor: Development, Calibration and Environmental Applications

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 7456
Author(s):  
Leonardo Furst ◽  
Manuel Feliciano ◽  
Laercio Frare ◽  
Getúlio Igrejas
Keyword(s):  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Cost System ◽  
Methane Concentrations

Methane is a major greenhouse gas and a precursor of tropospheric ozone, and most of its sources are linked to anthropogenic activities. The sources of methane are well known and its monitoring generally involves the use of expensive gas analyzers with high operating costs. Many studies have investigated the use of low-cost gas sensors as an alternative for measuring methane concentrations; however, it is still an area that needs further development to ensure reliable measurements. In this work a low-cost platform for measuring methane within a low concentration range was developed and used in two distinct environments to continuously assess and improve its performance. The methane sensor was the Figaro TGS2600, a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) based on tin dioxide (SnO2). In a first stage, the monitoring platform was applied in a small ruminant barn after undergoing a multi-point calibration. In a second stage, the system was used in a wastewater treatment plant together with a multi-gas analyzer (Gasera One Pulse). The calibration of low-cost sensor was based on the relation of the readings of the two devices. Temperature and relative humidity were also measured to perform corrections to minimize the effects of these variables on the sensor signal and an active ventilation system was used to improve the performance of the sensor. The system proved to be able to measure low methane concentrations following reliable spatial and temporal patterns in both places. A very similar behavior between both measuring systems was also well noticeable at WWTP. In general, the low-cost system presented good performance under several environmental conditions, showing itself to be a good alternative, at least as a screening monitoring system.

scholarly journals Cereal bar with cassava bagasse: chemical composition and sensory acceptance

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Aparecida De Fátima Oliveira Silva ◽  
Leila Maria Girondi ◽  
Suellen Jensen Klososki ◽  
Tatiana Colombo Pimentel ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Barão
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Brazil Nuts ◽  
Sensory Acceptance ◽  
Cassava Bagasse ◽  
Hedonic Scale ◽  
Cereal Bars

Cassava bagasse, regarded as an agricultural residue can be used as raw material in the development of new products. Cereal bars are foods that have increasingly gained consumers because of the practical use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding cassava bagasse (0, 8 and 25%) on the chemical composition and sensory acceptance of coconut cereal bars with Brazil nuts. Cereal bars with cassava bagasse had higher moisture, protein and carbohydrates (fiber) contents than cereal bars without bagasse, lower ash contents and similar fat content. The addition of cassava bagasse caused a decrease in the acceptance of the cereal bars only in the concentration of 25%, however, the products had hedonic values greater than 7 in a 9-point hedonic scale and acceptability indices higher than 80%, indicating that consumers moderately liked them. It can be concluded that the use of up to 25% cassava bagasse in the cereal bar formulation yields products with improved nutritional value and appropriated consumer acceptance. The addition of cassava bagasse to food products is a good alternative in the use of this byproduct, due to the sensory characteristics of the obtained products and the reduction of production costs, because the cassava bagasse has low cost and increases the production yield.

Design Guidelines for Doubler Plate Repairs of Ship Structures

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep K. Sensharma ◽  
Malcolm Willis ◽  
Aaron Dinovitzer ◽  
Nat Nappi
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Ship Structures ◽  
Buckling Strength ◽  
Relative Ease ◽  
Fatigue And Fracture ◽  
Fracture Assessment ◽  
Design Guidance

The use of doubler plates or ‘doublers’ has become routine for temporary ship repairs. It is the preferred method for ships’ structural repairs for plate corrosion due to its relative ease and low cost of installation over the more costly permanent welded plate insert repair. A lack of performance data and engineering design guidance are the reasons that repairs with doublers are currently considered only temporary. This objective of this study was to develop a set of guidelines for designing and applying doubler plate repairs to ship structures. The guidelines were established using the following criteria: various stress analyses, buckling strength, corrosion types and rates, weld types, and doubler plate fatigue and fracture assessment. Studying and understanding doubler plate repair performance by comparison to that of the primary hull performance allows critical operational decisions to be made with greater ease and confidence. However, the ultimate goal of this study was to establish the design and limitations on the applications of doubler plate repairs for surface ships.

scholarly journals Simulation of UAV Systems

10.14311/754 ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kaňovský ◽  
L. Smrcek ◽  
C. Goodchild
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Inertial System ◽  
Principal Function ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Selection Of

The study described in this paper deals with the issue of a design tool for the autopilot of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and the selection of the airdata and inertial system sensors. This project was processed in cooperation with VTUL a PVO o.z. [1]. The feature that distinguishes the autopilot requirements of a UAV (Figs. 1, 7, 8) from the flight systems of conventional manned aircraft is the paradox of controlling a high bandwidth dynamical system using sensors that are in harmony with the low cost low weight objectives that UAV designs are often expected to achieve. The principal function of the autopilot is flight stability, which establishes the UAV as a stable airborne platform that can operate at a precisely defined height. The main sensor for providing this height information is a barometric altimeter. The solution to the UAV autopilot design was realised with simulations using the facilities of Matlab® and in particular Simulink®[2]. 

Predicting electrochemical properties and ionic diffusion in Na2+2xMn2−x(SO4)3: crafting a promising high voltage cathode material

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael B. Araujo ◽  
M. S. Islam ◽  
Sudip Chakraborty ◽  
R. Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Material ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
Ionic Diffusion ◽  
Sodium Ion Batteries ◽  
Cost Of Production

Sodium ion batteries have emerged as a good alternative to lithium based systems due to their low cost of production.

Effects of Endwall Profiling on Axial Flow Compressor Stage

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialing Lu ◽  
Wuli Chu ◽  
Yanhui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Compressor Stage ◽  
Corner Separation ◽  
Axial Flow Compressor ◽  
Flow Compressor ◽  
Stage Efficiency

In recent years endwall profiling has been well validated as a major new engineering design tool for the reduction of secondary loss in turbines. However, its application on compressors have been rarely performed and reported. This paper documents the findings of the analysis for diminishing compressor stator corner separation using endwall profiling; In the study, novel profiled endwalls were designed and numerically studied on a subsonic axial-flow compressor stage. The compressor stator endwalls were profiled on both axial and azimuthal directions. The results showed, the stator corner separation was significantly suppressed under all the operating conditions by implementing this profiled endwall. Significant improvements on stage pressure ratios and stage efficiency were observed. Detailed flow field changes, as well as endwall profiling methods are provided in the paper, so that the results of this research can be referenced to other compressor designs.

Enhancing Engineering Learning Experience at UTB by Freshmen iHOP

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazmul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Real World ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Senior Design ◽  
Team Selection ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Lower Division

Most of the engineering courses focus more on theory and very little on hands-on, project-based learning in the classroom. Integration of real-world engineering problems and applications in lower division engineering courses will produce engineering students, who will be technically sound and be able to execute and manage real-world projects, when they will do senior design projects in their final year of engineering study. To overcome the engineering design challenges we have developed iHOP (Ingenieŕia Hands on Project) and integrate it with our lower division engineering courses. iHOP has been developed to emphasis the design component at the University of Texas at Brownsville (UTB) Engineering Physics curriculum and the project is now an integral part of Introduction to Engineering class. The iHOP project is one that is challenging, fun, requires teamwork, associated with the engineering material being studied, low cost, and doable in a limited amount of time. The experience from iHOP project motivates our freshman students to choose a better senior design project in senior year of their college career. The objectives of the iHOP projects are — to have students develop teamwork skills, and to teach students basic engineering design concepts in a complementary format to the traditional lecture. Various techniques related to team selection, encouraging teamwork, incorporation of engineering topics, keeping costs down, project results presentations, and gathering feedback from students will also be presented in this paper. Integrating iHOP Project with Introduction to Engineering class helped us to improve our retention effort in the engineering department.

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