scholarly journals Approaches for Modeling Anaerobic Granule-Based Reactors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jixiang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Granule

Influence of the microbial content of different precursory nuclei on the anaerobic granulation dynamics

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. El-Mamouni ◽  
R. Leduc ◽  
J. W. Costerton ◽  
S. R. Guiot
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Granulation Process ◽  
Principal Role ◽  
Fermentative Bacteria ◽  
Anaerobic Granule ◽  
Acetate Mixture ◽  
Anaerobic Granulation

Anaerobic granule nuclei enriched in either acidogens (AF), syntrophic consortia (SN), Methanosaeta spp. (MT) and Methanosarcina spp. (MN) were developed in four upflow bed filter reactors fed with sucrose, an ethanol/acetate mixture, acetate and methanol, respectively. The four developed granule nuclei presented different settling velocities: 3.2, 8.7, 10.5 and 11.3 m/h for the AF flocs, the MS-, the SN- and the MT-nuclei, respectively. The ash content represented 60%, 40%, 30% and 16% of dry weight for the MT-, MS-, SN-enriched nuclei, and AF flocs, respectively. Acidogenic flocs contained high amount of extracellular polymeric substances. The influence of these four different nuclei on the time course of complex granule development was investigated by shifting the feed carbon of all of the four reactors to sucrose. Granulation proceeded rapidly both on syntrophic and Methanosaeta nuclei. The largest granules (Sauter diameter of 2.36 mm), however, were obtained within the shortest period in the reactor started with syntrophic nuclei. These nuclei presented also the best colonization by fermentative bacteria as shown by the evolution of their glucotrophic activities. Less satisfying granulation was obtained on Methanosarcina nuclei. In contrast, granulation was significantly retarded when acidogens were used as precursors. From these results it appears that syntrophs and Methanosaeta spp. play the principal role in anaerobic granulation process.

Deactivation mechanism of calcified anaerobic granule: Space occupation and pore blockage

2019 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 115062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Yu ◽  
Luling Tian ◽  
Xinchi You ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Shuang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pore Blockage ◽  
Anaerobic Granule ◽  
Space Occupation ◽  
Deactivation Mechanism

scholarly journals Granular Biofilms: Formation, Function, Application, and New Trends as Model Microbial Communities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Christine Trego ◽  
Simon Mills ◽  
Gavin Collins
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Formation Function ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anaerobic Granule ◽  
Volumetric Loading

As the global demand for water increases, so does the quantity of wastewater requiring treatment. Due to a relatively low carbon footprint, compared with conventional wastewater treatment technologies, anaerobic digestion (AD) was identified in the 1970s as a forerunner in the push for sustainability, when interest in sustainable technologies and renewable energy sources was first sparked. AD technology development ultimately resulted in the discovery of the ‘anaerobic granule’. It is a spontaneously-forming bio-aggregate of microbial cells capable of digesting pollutants and producing methane-rich biogas as a renewable source of bioenergy. The high settling velocity of such granules meant that AD systems could be operated as high-rate treatment processes, because the active, relatively-slow-growing, pollutant-removing biomass would be retained inside, and not washed out of, even bioreactors operated at extremely high volumetric loading rates. In the intervening years the emergence of the anaerobic ammonium oxidising (anammox) granule, aerobic granule, hydrogenic granule, oxygenic photogranule, and many other functionally-specialised granules, has opened new opportunities in wastewater treatment biotechnology. Whilst environmental engineering based around wastewater treatment is still a growing field of research and implementation, the granule (in all forms) is starting to catch the attention of microbial ecologists. It is a self-immobilised biofilm, with many of the properties of ‘conventional’ biofilms formed in Nature. However, as a single entity, a granule represents an entire community of microorganisms, competing or functioning cooperatively or in syntrophy. Together, inside a bioreactor, granules perform side-by-side arguably representing a meta-organism. Granules are gaining traction as the perfect samples for high-throughput studies on fundamental ecological concepts. Granular biofilms can be used to test hypotheses around drivers of diversity, community assembly, biofilm formation and maturation, community expansion and succession, community stress response, among others. This review outlines the history of three of the most influential types of granules: the anaerobic (methanogenic), aerobic and anammox granule. The main biochemical processes found in each type; their primary characteristics; and the typical makeup of the microbial community underpinning the processes are compared. Finally, the adoption of granules as the perfect ‘playground’ for experiments in microbial ecology is reviewed.

Influence, equilibrium, thermodynamic and kinetic investigations on adsorption of 17 beta-estradiol by anaerobic granule sludge

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 329-337
Author(s):  
Bai-Hang Zhao ◽  
Jie-Yi Zhai ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Wei Bian ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽  
Anaerobic Granule ◽  
Kinetic Investigations

A Structured Model of the Anaerobic Granule Consortium

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Guiot ◽  
A. Pauss ◽  
J. W. Costerton
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Bulk Liquid ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Structured Model ◽  
Nutritional Conditions ◽  
Propionate Degradation ◽  
Anaerobic Granule ◽  
Syntrophic Bacteria ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Population Organization

This paper presents a synthetic review of studies conducted recently and consolidated by other literature insights that substantiate a multilayer structured model of the population organization in the anaerobic granule. Syntrophic bacteria associations would be located between an external, predominantly acidogenic, layer including also H2-consuming bacteria, and an aceticlastic core. This was evidenced conjointly by electron microscopic observations of cross-cleaved granules, by the specific activity analysis of stepwise abraded granules and by the changes in the specific metabolic activities with granule size distribution and enlargement. Such a structure was deduced from observations of propionate degradation in spite of endergonic conditions in the bulk liquid, of the two-step transfer of CH4 and H2 from liquid to the gas bubbles and from a substrate and product diffusion model which differentiates active zones for trophic groups along the granule radius. Such a structured aggregate is a stable metabolic arrangement that creates optimal nutritional conditions for all its members.

Application of pyritic sludge with an anaerobic granule consortium for nitrate removal in low carbon systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 117933
Author(s):  
Bojan Pelivano ◽  
Samuel Bryson ◽  
Kristopher A. Hunt ◽  
Martin Denecke ◽  
David A. Stahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Anaerobic Granule
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