scholarly journals Role of the Microbiome as the First Metal Detoxification Mechanism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Monroy-Torres ◽  
Marco Antonio Hernández-Luna ◽  
Xochitl Sofía Ramírez-Gómez ◽  
Sergio López-Briones
Keyword(s):  
Metal Detoxification ◽  
Detoxification Mechanism

scholarly journals Metallothioneins May Not Be Enough—The Role of Phytochelatins in Invertebrate Metal Detoxification

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 885-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob G. Bundy ◽  
Peter Kille ◽  
Manuel Liebeke ◽  
David J. Spurgeon
Keyword(s):  
Metal Detoxification

scholarly journals Helper bacteria halt and disarm mushroom pathogens by linearizing structurally diverse cyclolipopeptides

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (38) ◽  
pp. 23802-23806
Author(s):  
Ron Hermenau ◽  
Susann Kugel ◽  
Anna J. Komor ◽  
Christian Hertweck
Keyword(s):  
Lactone Ring ◽  
Imaging Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene Cluster ◽  
Detoxification Mechanism ◽  
Brown Blotch ◽  
Button Mushrooms ◽  
Brown Blotch Disease ◽  
White Button Mushrooms

The bacterial pathogenPseudomonas tolaasiiseverely damages white button mushrooms by secretion of the pore-forming toxin tolaasin, the main virulence factor of brown blotch disease. Yet, fungus-associated helper bacteria of the genusMycetocola(Mycetocola tolaasinivoransandMycetocola lacteus) may protect their host by an unknown detoxification mechanism. By a combination of metabolic profiling, imaging mass spectrometry, structure elucidation, and bioassays, we found that the helper bacteria inactivate tolaasin by linearizing the lipocyclopeptide. Furthermore, we found thatMycetocolaspp. impair the dissemination of the pathogen by cleavage of the lactone ring of pseudodesmin. The role of pseudodesmin as a major swarming factor was corroborated by identification and inactivation of the corresponding biosynthetic gene cluster. Activity-guided fractionation of theMycetocolaproteome, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) analyses, and heterologous enzyme production identified the lactonase responsible for toxin cleavage. We revealed an antivirulence strategy in the context of a tripartite interaction that has high ecological and agricultural relevance.

scholarly journals The Role of Phytochelatin Synthase in Phytoremediation Agent: Structural Conservation of Phytochelatin (PC) Synthase to Maintain Its Activity as Heavy Metal Detoxification in Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Viky Vidayanti ◽  
Galuh Wening Permatasari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Protein Sequences ◽  
Acid Modification ◽  
Structure Comparison ◽  
Metal Detoxification ◽  
Heavy Metal Detoxification ◽  
Amino Acid Modification ◽  
Protein Models

Phytochelatin (PC) Enzyme has crucial role in heavy metal detoxification and homeostasis in plants. This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variation of PC synthase related to its activity based on structural comparison. We evaluated PC genes and protein sequences from 6 plants namely, Brassicasp., Amaranthussp., Noccaeasp., Arabidopsissp., Nicotianasp., and Pterissp. All sequences were aligned based on CLUSTALW matrix for DN sequences and MUSCLE algorithm for protein sequences. Data were clustered using MEGA Software for similarity clustering. Selected data were further modeled using SWISSMODEL to evaluate the 3D-structural analysis based on homology modeling. Thus, all protein models were superimposed and evaluated the structure comparison based on RMSD data. The result showed that genetic variation of PC gene is high among species. But it is clustered for the same species has similar sequence. In addition, protein sequences also showed the high diversity among species and it is still clustered basedon their genus. RMSD data showed that PC synthase from 6 plant has similar structure and tend to conserved even there is genetic variation or amino acid modification. We concluded that structural of PC gene is more conserved than its sequences. It is important to keep its function among species.

scholarly journals Role of polyvalent anions in lysosomal heavy metal detoxification

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Anne Roggenbeck ◽  
Prabir Mandal ◽  
Gregory Ahearn
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Detoxification ◽  
Heavy Metal Detoxification

scholarly journals Exogenous Oxalic Acid and Citric Acid Improve Lead (Pb) Tolerance of Larix olgensis A. Henry Seedlings

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 510 ◽  
Author(s):  
JinFeng Song ◽  
Daniel Markewitz ◽  
Shaoping Wu ◽  
Ying Sang ◽  
Chengwei Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Internal Resistance ◽  
Larix Olgensis ◽  
Detoxification Mechanism

We investigated the beneficial role of different concentrations of exogenous oxalic acid (OA) or citric acid (CA) for improving Pb tolerance and mitigating Pb-induced physiological toxicity in Changbai larch (Larix olgensis A. Henry) seedlings in northeast China. The seedlings were exposed to 100 mg·kg−1 Pb in soil alone or in combination with OA or CA irrigation for 10, 20, or 30 days. Pb-induced damage in L. olgensis was evident from elevated lipid peroxidation that significantly inhibited plant growth. Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents also increased in the presence of elevated Pb; however, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities, as well as proline and pigment contents, all decreased. The damage increased in controls over the application periods. Pb contents in fine roots and leaves generally decreased with low-concentration organic acids (<1.0 mmol·L−1), but often increased at 5.0 and 10.0 mmol·L−1. Alternatively, when Pb-stressed plants were exposed to an organic acid (especially 5.0 or 10.0 mmol·L−1 for 10 days), the damage, as indicated by the physiological parameters, was reversed, and plant growth was promoted; CA was more effective in inducing these changes than OA. Therefore, exogenous organic acids have the potential to alleviate Pb-induced oxidative injuries, and can improve the tolerance of L. olgensis seedlings to Pb stress. Under lower OA and CA concentrations, the detoxification mechanism appears to be an external resistance mechanism; however, under higher concentrations (5.0–10.0 mmol·L−1) internal resistance mechanisms appear dominant. It is also possible that the two mechanisms work in tandem.

scholarly journals Protective Responses Induced by Chiral 3-Dichloroacetyl Oxazolidine Safeners in Maize (Zea mays L.) and the Detoxification Mechanism

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 3060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao ◽  
Liu ◽  
Jiang ◽  
Fu ◽  
Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Optical Isomers ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Detoxifying Enzymes ◽  
Detoxification Mechanism ◽  
Detoxifying Enzyme ◽  
Herbicide Safeners

Herbicide safeners selectively protect crops from herbicide injury while maintaining the herbicidal effect on the target weed. To some extent, the detoxification of herbicides is related to the effect of herbicide safeners on the level and activity of herbicide target enzymes. In this work, the expression of the detoxifying enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST) and antioxidant enzyme activities in maize seedlings were studied in the presence of three potential herbicide safeners: 3-dichloroacetyl oxazolidine and its two optical isomers. Further, the protective effect of chiral herbicide safeners on detoxifying chlorsulfuron in maize was evaluated. All safeners increased the expression levels of herbicide detoxifying enzymes, including GST, catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) to reduce sulfonylurea herbicide phytotoxicity in maize seedlings. Our results indicate that the R-isomer of 3-(dichloroacetyl)-2,2,5-trimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine can induce glutathione (GSH) production, GST activity, and the ability of GST to react with the substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) in maize, meaning that the R-isomer can protect maize from damage by chlorsulfuron. Information about antioxidative enzyme activity was obtained to determine the role of chiral safeners in overcoming the oxidative stress in maize attributed to herbicides. The interaction of safeners and active target sites of acetolactate synthase (ALS) was demonstrated by molecular docking modeling, which indicated that both isomers could form a good interaction with ALS. Our findings suggest that the detoxification mechanism of chiral safeners might involve the induction of the activity of herbicide detoxifying enzymes as well as the completion of the target active site between the safener and chlorsulfuron.

Role of alveolar macrophage lysosomes in metal detoxification

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Berry ◽  
L. Zhang ◽  
P. Galle ◽  
E. Ansoborlo ◽  
M.H. Hengé-Napoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Macrophage ◽  
Metal Detoxification
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