scholarly journals Understanding the Epigenetic Modifications in Sperm Genome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eswari Beeram
Keyword(s):  
Epigenetic Modifications

Epigenetic Modifications as Therapeutic Targets

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1046-1046
Author(s):  
Yi-Chao Zheng ◽  
Si-Qi Feng
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications

Epigenetic Studies in Psychotherapy: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Rafael Penadés ◽  
Bárbara Arias ◽  
Mar Fatjó-Vilas ◽  
Laura González-Vallespí ◽  
Clemente García-Rizo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Impact

Background: Epigenetic modifications appear to be dynamic and they might be affected by environmental factors. The possibility of influencing these processes through psychotherapy has been suggested. Objective: To analyse the impact of psychotherapy on epigenetics when applied to mental disorders. The main hypothesis is that psychological treatments will produce epigenetic modifications related to the improvement of treated symptoms. Methods: A computerised and systematic search was completed throughout the time period from 1990 to 2019 on the PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus databases. Results: In total, 11 studies were selected. The studies were evaluated for the theoretical framework, genes involved, type of psychotherapy and clinical challenges and perspectives. All studies showed detectable changes at the epigenetic level, like DNA methylation changes, associated with symptom improvement after psychotherapy. Conclusion: Methylation profiles could be moderating treatment effects of psychotherapy. Beyond the detected epigenetic changes after psychotherapy, the epigenetic status before the implementation could act as an effective predictor of response.

scholarly journals Human Milk and Brain Development in Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
Martina Chiurazzi ◽  
Mauro Cozzolino ◽  
Tilman Reinelt ◽  
Thi Dao Nguyen ◽  
Stefanie Elke Chie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ideal Composition

Human milk is considered the most advantageous source of nourishment for infants. Even though there is no ideal composition of human milk, it still contains a unique combination of components that contribute to brain development. The aim of this review is to provide an overview on the possible correlation of human milk with the neurodevelopment of infants, with a special emphasis on myelination and epigenetic modifications. Research in human milk is a rapidly expanding field and cutting-edge technologies might contribute to identify specific mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects on human milk on neurodevelopment.

scholarly journals Changes Induced by Mind–Body Intervention Including Epigenetic Marks and Its Effects on Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1317
Author(s):  
Hyun-Jeong Yang ◽  
Eugene Koh ◽  
Min-Kyu Sung ◽  
Hojung Kang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Epigenetic Marks ◽  
Reduce Blood Glucose ◽  
Early Life Events ◽  
Mental Well Being

Studies have evidenced that epigenetic marks associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) can be inherited from parents or acquired through fetal and early-life events, as well as through lifelong environments or lifestyles, which can increase the risk of diabetes in adulthood. However, epigenetic modifications are reversible, and can be altered through proper intervention, thus mitigating the risk factors of T2D. Mind–body intervention (MBI) refers to interventions like meditation, yoga, and qigong, which deal with both physical and mental well-being. MBI not only induces psychological changes, such as alleviation of depression, anxiety, and stress, but also physiological changes like parasympathetic activation, lower cortisol secretion, reduced inflammation, and aging rate delay, which are all risk factors for T2D. Notably, MBI has been reported to reduce blood glucose in patients with T2D. Herein, based on recent findings, we review the effects of MBI on diabetes and the mechanisms involved, including epigenetic modifications.

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