scholarly journals Mycelium Differentiation and Development ofStreptomycesin Liquid Nonsporulating Cultures: Programmed Cell Death, Differentiation, and Lysis Condition Secondary Metabolite Production

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Manteca ◽  
Beatriz Rioseras ◽  
Nathaly González-Quiñónez ◽  
Gemma Fernández-García ◽  
Paula Yagüe
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Production ◽  
Metabolite Production

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis implicates secondary metabolite production, redox reactions, and programmed cell death during allorecognition in Cryphonectria parasitica

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly A Belov ◽  
Thomas E Witte ◽  
David P Overy ◽  
Myron L Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cryphonectria Parasitica ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Production ◽  
Vegetative Incompatibility ◽  
Metabolite Production

Abstract The underlying molecular mechanisms of programmed cell death associated with fungal allorecognition, a form of innate immunity, remain largely unknown. In this study, transcriptome analysis was used to infer mechanisms activated during barrage formation in vic3-incompatible strains of Cryphonectria parasitica, the chestnut blight fungus. Pronounced differential expression occurred in barraging strains of genes involved in mating pheromone (mf2-1, mf2-2), secondary metabolite production, detoxification (including oxidative stress), apoptosis-related, RNA interference, and HET-domain genes. Evidence for secondary metabolite production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation is supported through UPLC-HRMS analysis and cytological staining, respectively. Differential expression of mating-related genes and HET-domain genes was further examined by RT-qPCR of incompatible interactions involving each of the six vegetative incompatibility (vic) loci in C. parasitica and revealed distinct recognition process networks. We infer that vegetative incompatibility in C. parasitica activates defence reactions that involve secondary metabolism, resulting in increased toxicity of the extra- and intracellular environment. Accumulation of ROS (and other potential toxins) may result in detoxification failure and activation of apoptosis, sporulation, and the expression of associated pheromone genes. The incompatible reaction leaves abundant traces of a process-specific metabolome as conidiation is initiated.

scholarly journals The impact of bZIP Atf1ortholog global regulators in fungi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Leiter ◽  
Tamás Emri ◽  
Klaudia Pákozdi ◽  
László Hornok ◽  
István Pócsi
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Leucine Zipper ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Production ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Metabolite Production ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Regulation of signal transduction pathways is crucial for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and organismal development in fungi. Transcription factors are key elements of this regulatory network. The basic-region leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of the bZIP-type transcription factors is responsible for DNA binding while their leucine zipper structural motifs are suitable for dimerization with each other facilitiating the formation of homodimeric or heterodimeric bZIP proteins. This review highlights recent knowledge on the function of fungal orthologs of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe Atf1, Aspergillus nidulans AtfA, and Fusarium verticillioides FvAtfA, bZIP-type transcription factors with a special focus on pathogenic species. We demonstrate that fungal Atf1-AtfA-FvAtfA orthologs play an important role in vegetative growth, sexual and asexual development, stress response, secondary metabolite production, and virulence both in human pathogens, including Aspergillus fumigatus, Mucor circinelloides, Penicillium marneffei, and Cryptococcus neoformans and plant pathogens, like Fusarium ssp., Magnaporthe oryzae, Claviceps purpurea, Botrytis cinerea, and Verticillium dahliae. Key points • Atf1 orthologs play crucial role in the growth and development of fungi. • Atf1 orthologs orchestrate environmental stress response of fungi. • Secondary metabolite production and virulence are coordinated by Atf1 orthologs.

scholarly journals Advances and Perspectives in Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering of Cannabis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5671
Author(s):  
Mohsen Hesami ◽  
Austin Baiton ◽  
Milad Alizadeh ◽  
Marco Pepe ◽  
Davoud Torkamaneh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Root Culture ◽  
Hairy Root Culture ◽  
Gene Transformation ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Production ◽  
Metabolite Production

For a long time, Cannabis sativa has been used for therapeutic and industrial purposes. Due to its increasing demand in medicine, recreation, and industry, there is a dire need to apply new biotechnological tools to introduce new genotypes with desirable traits and enhanced secondary metabolite production. Micropropagation, conservation, cell suspension culture, hairy root culture, polyploidy manipulation, and Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation have been studied and used in cannabis. However, some obstacles such as the low rate of transgenic plant regeneration and low efficiency of secondary metabolite production in hairy root culture and cell suspension culture have restricted the application of these approaches in cannabis. In the current review, in vitro culture and genetic engineering methods in cannabis along with other promising techniques such as morphogenic genes, new computational approaches, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), CRISPR/Cas9-equipped Agrobacterium-mediated genome editing, and hairy root culture, that can help improve gene transformation and plant regeneration, as well as enhance secondary metabolite production, have been highlighted and discussed.

Inducing Secondary Metabolite Production by the Endophytic Fungus Fusarium tricinctum through Coculture with Bacillus subtilis

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 2094-2099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonius R. B. Ola ◽  
Dhana Thomy ◽  
Daowan Lai ◽  
Heike Brötz-Oesterhelt ◽  
Peter Proksch
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Endophytic Fungus ◽  
Secondary Metabolite Production ◽  
Metabolite Production ◽  
Fusarium Tricinctum
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