scholarly journals Development of a Method for Prediction of Risk of Surface and Groundwater Contamination with Pesticides and Their Dangerous Aspects for Human Health

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Antonenko ◽  
Olena Vavrinevych ◽  
Maria Korshun ◽  
Sergiy Omelchuk
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

A Review of Emerging Contaminants in Water

2020 ◽  
pp. 177-202
Author(s):  
Alexandros I. Stefanakis ◽  
Julie A. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Contaminants Of Emerging Concern ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Introduction Pathways ◽  
Analytical Instrumentation ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

Contaminants of emerging concern or, simply, emerging contaminants represent a newly discovered group of chemicals present in surface and groundwater. It was only the improvements in analytical instrumentation that allowed for the detection of these contaminants even at trace levels. The continuous detection of new chemicals with time raises questions concerning their source pathways, their fate, transport, transformations and impact on aquatic environments. The scope of this chapter is to present an overview of the contaminants classified as “emerging”, their sources and introduction pathways to the environment and the related risks to human health and aquatic life.

A Review of Emerging Contaminants in Water

2015 ◽  
pp. 55-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros I. Stefanakis ◽  
Julie A. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Contaminants Of Emerging Concern ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Introduction Pathways ◽  
Analytical Instrumentation ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

Contaminants of emerging concern or, simply, emerging contaminants represent a newly discovered group of chemicals present in surface and groundwater. It was only the improvements in analytical instrumentation that allowed for the detection of these contaminants even at trace levels. The continuous detection of new chemicals with time raises questions concerning their source pathways, their fate, transport, transformations and impact on aquatic environments. The scope of this chapter is to present an overview of the contaminants classified as “emerging”, their sources and introduction pathways to the environment and the related risks to human health and aquatic life.

scholarly journals Effect of rate of application on degradation of imazethapyr in groundnut and soil under tropical Indian condition

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 714-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Babu ◽  
P. Janaki ◽  
C. Chinnusamy
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Tropical Condition ◽  
First Order ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Time Of Harvest ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

Pesticides though formulated to be biologically degradable, few herbicides reported to cause surface and groundwater contamination which needs the monitoring of herbicide residues in environment continuously. Thus, to monitor the persistence and residues in crops, imazethapyr degradation studies were conducted in soil with groundnut cropping under Indian tropical condition. A groundnut field was treated with different doses of imazethapyr as early post emergence. Results showed that the degradation of imazethapyr in soil and groundnut plant followed first order reaction kinetics irrespective of the dose. The residue of imazethapyr persists in soil up to 60 days at higher rates of application while it persists up to 30 days in plant with the calculated half life of 2.8 to 7.4 days in soil and 5.1 to 5.9 days in plant. At the time of harvest, the residue of imazethapyr in soil, groundnut haulm or pods were below the detectable limit of 0.008 mg/kg across different doses of application. However, the continuous and inappropriate use in light textured soils may cause groundwater contamination and bioaccumulation in plant system. Hence, a pre harvest interval of 75 days must be allowed after the application of imazethapyr for the weed control in groundnut.

scholarly journals Surface and Groundwater Pollution: the Invisible, Creeping Threat to Human Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-169
Author(s):  
Hammad Ahmed Shah ◽  
Muhammad Sheraz ◽  
Afed Ullah Khan ◽  
Fayaz Ahmad Khan ◽  
Liaqat Ali Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Surface And Groundwater ◽  
Dissolved Trace Elements

AbstractThis study reports pollution source apportionment of surface waters and human health risk assessment based on 18 physicochemical and traces elements from 24 water quality monitoring sites for surface and groundwater around the two trans-boundary rivers of Pakistan: The Ravi and Sutlej. The principal component analysis identified 6 principal components (76.98 % cumulative variance) which are mainly caused by untreated industrial effluents, intense agricultural activities, and irrigation tailwater discharges. For all dissolved trace elements in surface waters, health hazard indices (HI) and hazard quotients (HQ) through ingestion and dermal contact are < 1 except As and Cr through ingestion only (for both adults and children). For adults and children, the HQingestion and HI values for As, Mn, Cu (for children only) and As, Fe, Mn (for children only) are > 1, indicating that As, Mn, Fe, and Cu are the most important pollutants causing chronic risks among the selected trace elements in both shallow and deep groundwater respectively. HQingestion, HQdermal, and HI values are higher for children than that of adults which shows the high susceptibility of children to these dissolved trace elements. The carcinogenic indices for the entire surface water elements exceed 10−6 through dermal and ingestion pathways suggesting carcinogenic health risk to the surrounding community. Hence, to protect human health, wastewater treatment plants and best management practices should be practiced to control point source and nonpoint source pollution respectively in the understudied area.

scholarly journals Impact of groundwater contamination on human health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Karunanidhi ◽  
T. Subramani ◽  
Priyadarsi D. Roy ◽  
Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Human Health

scholarly journals Removal of Nitrate and Hexavalent Chromium from Groundwater Using Zerovalent Iron – A Laboratory Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina MODROGAN ◽  
Alexandra MIRON ◽  
Oanamari ORBULET ◽  
Cristina COSTACHE
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Nitrate Reduction ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Zerovalent Iron ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants

. Groundwater contamination by inorganic pollutants such as heavy metals, chromium and nitrate has recently begun to attract widespread interests because of significant threat to human health. Nitrate and chromate are most frequently detected contaminants in groundwater. In this paper, we describe a series of laboratory experiments which quantify the rate of chromium (Cr6+) and nitrate reduction by Fe0. The main goal of these experiments was to determine the removal efficiency of chromium (Cr6+) and nitrate ions using iron. The results indicate that in the presence of zero valence iron Cr6+ reduces to Cr3+, and NO3- to NH4+.

scholarly journals The EPA Conventional Reduced Risk Pesticide Program

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick M. Fishel
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Registration Process ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Reduced Risk ◽  
Contamination Effects

The Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) of 1996 initiated the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Conventional Reduced Risk Pesticide Program. Its purpose is to expedite the review and registration process of conventional pesticides that pose less risk to human health and the environment than existing conventional alternatives. Riskier conventional alternatives are those pesticides EPA deems as having neurotoxic, carcinogenic, reproductive, and developmental toxicity, or groundwater contamination effects. It serves as a means to ensure that reduced risk pesticides enter the channels of trade and are available to growers as soon as possible. This 11-page fact sheet was written by F.M. Fishel, and published by the UF Department of Agronomy, April 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pi224

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