scholarly journals Spinal Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) Planning Techniques

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jina Kim ◽  
Yunji Seol ◽  
Hong Seok Jang ◽  
Young-Nam Kang
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy ◽  
Planning Techniques

Sterotaktische ablative Bestrahlung (SABR): Therapieoption für ältere Patienten

2011 ◽  
Vol 02 (05) ◽  
pp. 237-238
Author(s):  
Bettina Reich
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy ◽  
Ältere Patienten ◽  
Supportive Therapie ◽  
Höheres Alter

Häufig weisen neudiagnostizierte NSCLC-Patienten mit einem geringen Krankheits – stadium ein höheres Alter von 75 Jahre und mehr auf. Sollte man eine Behandlung anbieten, oder sich auf eine gute supportive Therapie beschränken? Einen Ausweg aus diesem Dilemma könnte die ablative sterotaktische Bestrahlung (SABR) bieten. Diese Methode – oft auch als „stereotactic body radiotherapy” bezeichnet – kann in ambulanter Manier erfolgen und umfasst nur 3 bis 5 Bestrahlungen.

Extrakranielle Stereotaxie statt chirurgischer Resektion?

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 90-91
Author(s):  
Kretzschmar Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy ◽  
Ältere Patienten ◽  
National Cancer Database ◽  
Extrakranielle Stereotaxie

Ältere Patienten mit operablem nicht kleinzelligem Bronchialkarzinom (NSCLC) profitieren von einer extrakraniellen Stereotaxie (Stereotactic Body RadioTherapy; SBRT) mehr als von einer chirurgischen Resektion. In einem großen retrospektiven Propensity-gematchten und altersstratifizierten Vergleich von Patienten aus der US National Cancer Database (n = 27 200) verzeichneten die Patienten nach SBRT eine signifikant niedrigere Mortalität 30 und 90 Tage nach der Intervention (p < 0,001). Die Unterschiede waren am größten bei Patienten > 70 Jahre.

Dyadic Obligations over Complex Actions as Deontic Constraints in the Situation Calculus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Claßen ◽  
James Delgrande
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Deontic Logic ◽  
Action Theory ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Situation Calculus ◽  
Artificial Agents ◽  
Planning Techniques ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Reasoning About Action ◽  
The Given

With the advent of artificial agents in everyday life, it is important that these agents are guided by social norms and moral guidelines. Notions of obligation, permission, and the like have traditionally been studied in the field of Deontic Logic, where deontic assertions generally refer to what an agent should or should not do; that is they refer to actions. In Artificial Intelligence, the Situation Calculus is (arguably) the best known and most studied formalism for reasoning about action and change. In this paper, we integrate these two areas by incorporating deontic notions into Situation Calculus theories. We do this by considering deontic assertions as constraints, expressed as a set of conditionals, which apply to complex actions expressed as GOLOG programs. These constraints induce a ranking of "ideality" over possible future situations. This ranking in turn is used to guide an agent in its planning deliberation, towards a course of action that adheres best to the deontic constraints. We present a formalization that includes a wide class of (dyadic) deontic assertions, lets us distinguish prima facie from all-things-considered obligations, and particularly addresses contrary-to-duty scenarios. We furthermore present results on compiling the deontic constraints directly into the Situation Calculus action theory, so as to obtain an agent that respects the given norms, but works solely based on the standard reasoning and planning techniques.

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