scholarly journals The Dual Nature of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs): Yin and Yang of the Inflammatory Process

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Ciavarella ◽  
Gianandrea Pasquinelli
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Yin And Yang

scholarly journals Nasal Polyposis: Insights in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Differentiation of Polyp Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Chiarella ◽  
Nicola Lombardo ◽  
Nadia Lobello ◽  
Annamaria Aloisio ◽  
Teodoro Aragona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Nasal Polyposis ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common inflammatory disease of paranasal sinuses, which causes rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, and hyposmia. The genetic predisposition or the exposure to irritants can sustain the inflammatory response and the development of nasal polyposis. Nasal polyps are benign and teardrop-shaped growths that project in the nasal cavities, and originate from the ethmoid sinuses. This inflammatory process is associated with high expression of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 and IgE. Antibodies targeting these cytokines or receptors represent a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of nasal polyposis in combination with corticosteroids. The molecular pathogenesis of nasal polyps in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients is associated with remodeling transition, a process in which epithelial cells lose their typical phenotype, acquiring a mesenchymal-like aspect. TGFβ/SMAD, ERK, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways are altered during the nasal tissue remodeling. miRNA and inhibitor molecules targeting these signaling pathways are able to interfere with the process; which could lead to alternative therapies. Nasal polyps are an alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells, which can be isolated from surgical biopsies. A molecular understanding of the biology of PO-MSCs will contribute to the delineating inflammatory process underlying the development of nasal polyps.

scholarly journals Cell therapy in the treatment of bronchiolitis obliterans in a murine model

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio de Oliveira Espinel ◽  
Carolina Uribe ◽  
Fabíola Schons Meyer ◽  
Rafael Bringheti ◽  
Jane Ulbricht Kulczynski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Bronchiolitis Obliterans ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Graft Area ◽  
Experimental Murine Model

<sec><title>OBJECTIVE:</title><p> To evaluate the importance of stem cells derived from adipose tissue in reducing graft inflammation in a murine model of allogeneic heterotopic tracheal transplant.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS:</title><p> We performed a heterotopic tracheal allografting in dorsal subcutaneous pouch and systemically injected 5x10<sup>5</sup> mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue. The animals were divided into two groups according to the time of sacrifice: T7 and T21. We also carried out histological analysis and digital morphometry.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS:</title><p> The T7 animals treated with cell therapy had median obstructed graft area of 0 versus 0.54 of controls (p = 0.635). The treated T21 subjects had median obstructed graft area of 0.25 versus 0 in controls (p = 0.041).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION:</title><p> The systemically injected cell therapy in experimental murine model of bronchiolitis obliterans did not reduce the severity of the allograft inflammation in a statistically significant way in seven days; Conversely, in 21 days, it increased the allograft inflammatory process.</p></sec>

scholarly journals HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN EXPERIMENTAL UVEITIS IN RABBITS WITH STEM CELL INJECTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
R. R. Bokotko ◽  
T. L. Savchuk ◽  
O. V. Shupyk ◽  
V. B. Danilov ◽  
L. V. Kladnytska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Corneal Stroma ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
Eye Tissues ◽  
Tissue Structures

The article presents the results of histological examination of experimental uveitis in rabbits with the introduction of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells. These research results make it possible to analyze and further study the effects of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells in clinical cases of uveitis in animals. Uveitis is a symptom of many diseases that lead to slow functional and anatomical death of the eye. Uveitis causes inflammation of the middle (vascular) membrane of the eye, which consists of the choroid, ciliary body and iris. The use of complex therapy often smooths out the clinical picture of progressive intraocular inflammation, contributing to an increase in its latent period. All this with particular relevance points to the need to study the use of stem cells in eye diseases in animals. Our histological studies on the restoration of eye tissues from the introduced allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells indicate their effective use for uveitis in animals. Stem cells act as a regulator of proliferation in damaged eye tissues and cause cyto-differentiation during cell regeneration, activate the synthesis of anti-inflammatory mediators and enhance their own antioxidant properties. It was found that with the help of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells, already on the 7th day of the experiment, a decrease in corneal stroma thickening was noted, and on the 14th day, restoration of the anterior surface epithelium was noted. Also on the 30th day of the experiment, almost complete restoration of damaged tissue structures of the eye and the end of the inflammatory process were noted. That is, histological studies indicate not only the recovery function of damaged tissue structures with the help of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells, but also the effect on the intensity of the inflammatory process, which significantly reduces the time of repair of eye tissues at the level of cells and tissues. The obtained data using stem cells can be used for new modern methods of treating many eye pathologies in ophthalmology.

scholarly journals Nasal Polyposis: Insights in Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition and Differentiation of Polyp Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Chiarella ◽  
Nicola Lombardo ◽  
Nadia Lobello ◽  
Annamaria Aloisio ◽  
Teodoro Aragona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Nasal Polyposis ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Beta Catenin ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition

Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common inflammatory disease of paranasal sinuses, which causes rhinorrhea, nasal congestion and hyposmia. The genetic predisposition or the exposure to irritants can sustain the inflammatory response and the development of nasal polyposis. Nasal polyps are benign and teardrop-shaped growths that project in the nasal cavities and originate from the ethmoid sinuses. This inflammatory process is associated with high expression of IL-5 cytokine and infiltration of eosinophils. Humanized monoclonal antibodies targeting IL-5 or its receptor, represent a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of nasal polyposis in combination with corticosteroids. The molecular pathogenesis of nasal polyps in CRS patients is associated to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process in which epithelial cells lose their typical phenotype acquiring a mesenchymal phenotype. TGF&beta;/SMAD, ERK, and Wnt/&beta;-catenin pathways are altered in EMT during the nasal tissue remodeling. miRNA and inhibitor molecules targeting these altered signaling pathways are able to interfere with EMT; which could lead to alternative therapies. Nasal polyps are an alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells which can be easily isolated from surgical biopsies. A molecular understanding of the biology of PO-MSCs will contribute to delineating inflammatory process underlying the development of nasal polyps.

scholarly journals Yin and Yang of mesenchymal stem cells and aplastic anemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Broglie ◽  
David Margolis ◽  
Jeffrey A Medin
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Aplastic Anemia ◽  
Yin And Yang

Proliferation and multi-differentiation potentials of human mesenchymal stem cells on thermoresponsive PDMS surfaces grafted with PNIPAAm

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongyan Shi ◽  
Dan Ma ◽  
Feiqing Dong ◽  
Chen Zong ◽  
Liyue Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

1417: Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alone or Modified with ENOS Restore Erectile Function in the Aged Rat: Cell-Based Gene Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 373-373
Author(s):  
Trinity J. Bivalacqua ◽  
Mustafa F. Usta ◽  
Hunter C. Champion ◽  
Weiwen Deng ◽  
Philip J. Kadowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Erectile Function ◽  
Aged Rat
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