scholarly journals Overview of Canine Babesiosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poonam Vishwakarma ◽  
M.K. Nandini
Keyword(s):  
Canine Babesiosis

scholarly journals Applying Machine Learning to Predict the Exportome of Bovine and Canine Babesia Species That Cause Babesiosis

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 660
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Goodswen ◽  
Paul J. Kennedy ◽  
John T. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Bovine Babesiosis ◽  
Canine Babesiosis ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Significant Disease

Babesia infection of red blood cells can cause a severe disease called babesiosis in susceptible hosts. Bovine babesiosis causes global economic loss to the beef and dairy cattle industries, and canine babesiosis is considered a clinically significant disease. Potential therapeutic targets against bovine and canine babesiosis include members of the exportome, i.e., those proteins exported from the parasite into the host red blood cell. We developed three machine learning-derived methods (two novel and one adapted) to predict for every known Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, and Babesia canis protein the probability of being an exportome member. Two well-studied apicomplexan-related species, Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii, with extensive experimental evidence on their exportome or excreted/secreted proteins were used as important benchmarks for the three methods. Based on 10-fold cross validation and multiple train–validation–test splits of training data, we expect that over 90% of the predicted probabilities accurately provide a secretory or non-secretory indicator. Only laboratory testing can verify that predicted high exportome membership probabilities are creditable exportome indicators. However, the presented methods at least provide those proteins most worthy of laboratory validation and will ultimately save time and money.

scholarly journals The effect of diminazene aceturate on cholinesterase activity in dogs with canine babesiosis

1997 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Milner ◽  
F. Reyers ◽  
J.H. Taylor ◽  
J.S. Van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Canine Babesiosis ◽  
Diminazene Aceturate ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Significant Depression ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

A clinical trial was designed to evaluate the effects of diminazene aceturate and its stabiliser antipyrine on serum pseudocholinesterase (PChE) and red blood cell acetylcholinesterase (RBC AChE) in dogs with babesiosis. The trial was conducted on naturally occurring, uncomplicated cases of babesiosis (n = 20) that were randomly allocated to groups receiving a standard therapeutic dose of diminazene aceturate with antipyrine stabiliser (n = 10) or antipyrine alone (n = 10). Blood was drawn immediately before and every 15 minutes for 1 hour after treatment. Plasma PChE showed a 4 % decrease between 0 and 60 min within the treatment group (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between the treatment and control groups at any of the time intervals for PChE. There was an increase in RBC AChE activity at 15 min in the treatment group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found between the treatment and control groups at any time interval for RBC AChE. In view of the difference in PChE, samples from additional, new cases (n = 10) of canine babesiosis were collected to identify the affect of the drug over 12 hours. No significant depression was identified over this time interval. The results suggests that the underlying mechanism in producing side-effects, when they do occur, is unlikely to be through cholinesterase depression.

scholarly journals Acute pancreatitis : a newly recognised potential complication of canine babesiosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Möhr ◽  
R.G. Lobetti ◽  
J.J. Van der Lugt
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Haemolytic Anaemia ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Canine Babesiosis ◽  
Immune Mediated

This retrospective study describes 4 cases of canine babesiosis with histologically confirmed acute pancreatitis. In addition, 16 dogs with babesiosis are reported with serum amylase (>3500 U/l ) and/or lipase (>650 U/l ) activity elevations of a magnitude that would support a diagnosis of probable acute pancreatitis, although extra-pancreatic sources of the enzymes could not be excluded in these cases. Median time of pancreatitis diagnosis was 2.5 days post-admission, with primarily young (median age 3 years), sexually intact dogs affected. The development of pancreatitis was unrelated to the degree of anaemia at time of admission. In addition to pancreatitis, 80 % of cases suffered from other babesial complications, namely icterus (13), acute respiratory distress syndrome (6), immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (6), renal failure (3), haemoconcentration (2) and cerebral syndrome (2). Acute respiratory distress syndrome, renal failure and cerebral syndrome were associated with a poor prognosis, with 4 of the 5 dogs included in the overall 26 % mortality rate having at least 1 of these complications. Haemolytic anaemia with ischaemia-reperfusion injury to the pancreas is proposed as a possible primary pathophysiological mechanism in babesial pancreatitis. Hypotensive shock, immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia, haemoconcentration and possibly altered lipid metabolism in babesiosis may also be involved. The previously postulated pro-inflammatory cytokine milieu of complicated babesiosis may underlie the progression, if not the primary initiation, of pancreatic pathology. Acute pancreatitis may represent the previously reported 'gut' form of babesiosis.

scholarly journals Survey of canine babesiosis in South Africa

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Collett
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Supportive Treatment ◽  
Canine Babesiosis ◽  
Liver Support ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
High Parasitaemia ◽  
Shock Lung

A questionnaire, designed to obtain qualitative information on a number of variables concerning canine babesiosis (biliary fever) in South Africa, was sent to 510 veterinary practices in late 1993. Of the 157 practices that responded, all were presented with cases of babesiosis and most were situated in Gauteng, the Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal. Apart from the Western Cape, a winter-rainfall region, the prevalence of babesiosis cases in dogs was highest in summer. Most of the respondent practices treated between 1000 and 5000 sick dogs that included 100 to 500 babesiosis cases each year. Respondents identified cerebral babesiosis, enterorrhagia, 'red' or haemoconcentrated babesiosis, acute renal failure and pulmonary babesiosis or 'shock lung', amongst others, as the most prevalent forms of complicated ('atypical') babesiosis. Diminazene, imidocarb and trypan blue were the most popular antibabesials. Trypan blue was most often used in shocked patients, whereas diminazene and imidocarb were preferred when there was a high parasitaemia in the absence of shock. At least 19 antibabesial treatment regimens were used in practices. These comprised the use of single doses of antibabesial drugs; split doses with repeat injections, and combined drug variations, some of which are undesirable due to possible sterilisation of Babesia infection or potential toxicity. Side-effects were most commonly associated with imidocarb use. Ninety-six percent of respondents used supportive treatment (e.g. corticosteroids, vitamins and 'liver support') in all cases of babesiosis. The use of blood transfusion as supportive treatment varied according to practice and severity of the case. Most practices never cross-matched blood to be transfused, and transfusion reactions were rare. Diminazene was most frequently incriminated in cases where drug 'resistance' or relapses occurred. Cerebral and 'red' cases resulted in high mortality. Treatment of babesiosis costs the dog-owning public in South Africa more than R20 million each year. Information on the distribution and possible complicating role of Ehrlichia canis was obtained. Development of a vaccine was the first research priority identified.

scholarly journals Triple Therapy in Canine Babesiosis - A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 964-967
Author(s):  
K.K. Ponnu Swamy ◽  
T. Mohanapriya ◽  
P.A. Enbavelan ◽  
R.C. Sundararajan ◽  
S. Saravanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Triple Therapy ◽  
Canine Babesiosis

scholarly journals Haemato-biochemical Changes in Natural Cases of Canine Babesiosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Showkat Ahmad Shah ◽  
Naresh Kumar Sood ◽  
Srinivasa Rao Tumati
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Canine Babesiosis

scholarly journals Plasma replacement solutions in the intensive care unit of shock for acute spontaneous canine babesiosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (99) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
O. A. Dubova ◽  
D. V. Feshchenko ◽  
I. Yu. Goralska ◽  
A. A. Duboviy ◽  
O. A. Zghozinska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Infusion Therapy ◽  
Shock Index ◽  
Canine Babesiosis ◽  
Shock State ◽  
Plasma Substitutes ◽  
Plasma Substitute ◽  
Significant Deficit ◽  
Blood Elements

The article presents the results of studies on the study of secondary processes that develop during acute spontaneous babesiosis in dogs, as well as on the use of infusion therapy with plasma substitutes for the development of shock as a complication of the underlying disease. It is shown that acute blood parasitic disease is accompanied by the development of moderate subcompensated shock, which determines the state of unstable equilibrium and the tendency to avalanche-like disorders due to the transition of the process to the decompensated phase. The basis for the diagnosis of the shock state was the establishment of the following hemodynamic and hemorheological changes: hypovolemia with a decrease of all blood components (shaped elements and plasma components) in the circulation, a significant decrease in the specific volume of circulating blood, hematocrit value, a significant increase in spontaneous aggregation of shaped blood elements (platelets and red blood cells), hypotension, an increase in the Alghöver shock index by almost 2 times. There was a significant deficit in the volume of circulating blood (the degree of blood loss), which was about 30 %. It is shown that the presence of a state of shock in the subcompensation stage poses a threat to the life of the animal in the event of transition to the terminal stage. In order to stop the development of shock, infusion therapy was used with the most common plasma–substituting solutions – Rheopolyglucin and Rheosorbylact at a dose of 5 ml/kg of body weight intravenously drip per day for 3 days. A comparative assessment of the effect of drugs on the correction of major hemodynamic and hemorheological shifts was carried out. It was found that Rheopolyglucin as a colloidal plasma substitute has a better effect on the normalization of hemodynamic disorders – hypovolemia and hypotension, and Rheosorbylact as a crystalloid plasma substitute turned out to be the best disaggregant and reducing agent of hemorheological disorders. Both drugs provided a complete recovery of hemodynamic and hemorheological parameters in 72 hours. As a result, it is recommended to use a combination of drugs with the priority of Rheopolyglucin in the first hours of treatment and combine it with an infusion of Rheosorbylact in subsequent days.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document