scholarly journals The Role of Long Noncoding RNAs in Gene Expression Regulation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijin Li ◽  
Weiling Zhao ◽  
Maode Wang ◽  
Xiaobo Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Expression Regulation ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas

scholarly journals Long Noncoding RNA Plays a Key Role in Metastasis and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangbing Li ◽  
Haohai Zhang ◽  
Xueshuai Wan ◽  
Xiaobo Yang ◽  
Chengpei Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Long Noncoding Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Cellular Processes

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been attracting immense research interests. However, only a handful of lncRNAs had been thoroughly characterized. They were involved in fundamental cellular processes including regulation of gene expression at epigenetics as well as tumorogenesis. In this paper, we give a systematic and comprehensive review of existing literature about lncRNA involvement in hepatocellular carcinoma. This review exhibited that lncRNAs played important roles in tumorigenesis and subsequent prognosis and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma and elucidated the role of some specific lncRNAs such as MALAT1 and HOTAIR in the pathophysiology of hepatocellular carcinoma and their potential of being therapeutic targets.

Targeted editing of tomato carotenoid isomerase reveals the role of 5′ UTR region in gene expression regulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lakshmi Jayaraj ◽  
Nitu Thulasidharan ◽  
Aju Antony ◽  
Moni John ◽  
Rehna Augustine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Expression Regulation ◽  
Carotenoid Isomerase

Abstract 456: High Fat Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis-Driven Myocardial Infarction: Role of Cardiac Long Noncoding RNAs in Triiodo-L-Thyronine-Mediated Protection

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viswanathan Rajagopalan ◽  
Emily Schultz ◽  
Youhua Zhang ◽  
Olga Savinova ◽  
Clifford Costello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Refractory Period ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
High Fat

Novel mechanisms associated with therapeutically safe thyroid hormone (TH) therapy are emerging. We have shown that oral triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) offers safe cardioprotection in coronary ligation myocardial infarction (MI), ligation ischemia-reperfusion injury, diabetic cardiomyopathy, etc. via restoration of gene expression. However, safe therapeutic effects following atherosclerosis-driven MI and role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is unknown. We employed a mouse model of scavenger receptor B1 knockout with hypomorphic apolipoprotein E. Young adult heterozygote littermates served as controls and all mice received high fat (HF) diet for one month. Along with HF diet, a cohort of homozygotes (HypoE) received therapeutic dose of T3 (5.5 μg/kg/d) in drinking water ad libitum. In HypoE mice, Paigen HF diet induced interstitial fibrotic MI with severe hypertrophic (Heart wt./Body wt., HW/BW: control:4.6±0.14; HypoE:12.9±0.75; p<0.0001) heart failure, depressed left ventricular (LV) contractility, increased end-diastolic pressure, myocyte disarray/loss, vacuolization and inflammatory cell infiltration. Aortic root showed atheromatous lipid deposits and median survival time was 26 days. Cholate-free paigen HF diet, used to achieve more gradual transition showed moderate hypertrophy (HW/BW: control:4.9±0.1; HypoE:7.9±0.95; ; p<0.01), decreased LV contractility, increasing atrial effective refractory period with a median survival of 41.5 days. Other changes include decreased serum thyroxine, increased serum cholesterol, significant splenomegaly and alterations in real-time gene expression of numerous cardiac lncRNAs and limited serum lncRNAs involved in inflammatory and immune responses (>2-fold; p<0.05). Oral T3 therapy with cholate-free diet partially restored LV contractility, atrial refractory period and cardiac lncRNAs without significantly affecting serum lncRNAs. These were accompanied by expected feedback inhibition of thyroxine without negatively impacting hypertrophy or heart rate. This is the first study to show a novel role of lncRNAs in TH-mediated cardioprotection. It also demonstrates possibility of safe preventive T3 therapy in a clinically relevant early coronary artery disease model.

scholarly journals Spatial proximity of homologous alleles and long noncoding RNAs regulate a switch in allelic gene expression

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (13) ◽  
pp. E1577-E1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalliopi Stratigi ◽  
Manouela Kapsetaki ◽  
Michalis Aivaliotis ◽  
Terrence Town ◽  
Richard A. Flavell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Allelic Expression ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
A Cell

Physiological processes rely on the regulation of total mRNA levels in a cell. In diploid organisms, the transcriptional activation of one or both alleles of a gene may involve trans-allelic interactions that provide a tight spatial and temporal level of gene expression regulation. The mechanisms underlying such interactions still remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that lipopolysaccharide stimulation of murine macrophages rapidly resulted in the actin-mediated and transient homologous spatial proximity of Tnfα alleles, which was necessary for the mono- to biallelic switch in gene expression. We identified two new complementary long noncoding RNAs transcribed from the TNFα locus and showed that their knockdown had opposite effects in Tnfα spatial proximity and allelic expression. Moreover, the observed spatial proximity of Tnfα alleles depended on pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 2 (PKM2) and T-helper-inducing POZ-Krüppel-like factor (ThPOK). This study suggests a role for lncRNAs in the regulation of somatic homologous spatial proximity and allelic expression control necessary for fine-tuning mammalian immune responses.

The Role of Long Noncoding RNAs in the Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression

ChemMedChem ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariangela Morlando ◽  
Monica Ballarino ◽  
Alessandro Fatica ◽  
Irene Bozzoni
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Control Of Gene Expression ◽  
Epigenetic Control

scholarly journals Plant Long Noncoding RNAs: New Players in the Field of Post-Transcriptional Regulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Camille Fonouni-Farde ◽  
Federico Ariel ◽  
Martin Crespi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Wide Range

The first reference to the “C-value paradox” reported an apparent imbalance between organismal genome size and morphological complexity. Since then, next-generation sequencing has revolutionized genomic research and revealed that eukaryotic transcriptomes contain a large fraction of non-protein-coding components. Eukaryotic genomes are pervasively transcribed and noncoding regions give rise to a plethora of noncoding RNAs with undeniable biological functions. Among them, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) seem to represent a new layer of gene expression regulation, participating in a wide range of molecular mechanisms at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In addition to their role in epigenetic regulation, plant lncRNAs have been associated with the degradation of complementary RNAs, the regulation of alternative splicing, protein sub-cellular localization, the promotion of translation and protein post-translational modifications. In this review, we report and integrate numerous and complex mechanisms through which long noncoding transcripts regulate post-transcriptional gene expression in plants.

scholarly journals Long Noncoding RNAs in Digestive System Malignancies: A Novel Class of Cancer Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets?

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athina Kladi-Skandali ◽  
Kleita Michaelidou ◽  
Andreas Scorilas ◽  
Konstantinos Mavridis
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Long Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Broad Implication ◽  
Cancer Initiation ◽  
Therapeutic Tools

High throughput methodologies have revealed the existence of an unexpectedly large number of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). The unconventional role of lncRNAs in gene expression regulation and their broad implication in oncogenic and tumor suppressive pathways have introduced lncRNAs as novel biological tumor markers. The most prominent example of lncRNAs application in routine clinical practice is PCA3, a FDA-approved biomarker for prostate cancer. Regarding digestive system malignancies, the oncogenic HOTAIR is one of the most widely studied lncRNAs in the preclinical level and has already been identified as a potent prognostic marker for major malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we provide an overview of recent findings regarding the emerging role of lncRNAs not only as key regulators of cancer initiation and progression in colon, stomach, pancreatic, liver, and esophageal cancers, but also as reliable tumor markers and therapeutic tools. lncRNAs can be easily, rapidly, and cost-effectively determined in tissues, serum, and gastric juice, making them highly versatile analytes. Taking also into consideration the largely unmet clinical need for early diagnosis and more accurate prognostic/predictive markers for gastrointestinal cancer patients, we comment upon the perspectives of lncRNAs as efficient molecular tools that could aid in the clinical management.

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