scholarly journals An Overview of PET Radiopharmaceuticals in Clinical Use: Regulatory, Quality and Pharmacopeia Monographs of the United States and Europe

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Yao Huang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Regulatory Quality ◽  
Pet Radiopharmaceuticals

Historic Development and Medical Use of Nasopharyngeal Radium Irradiation Treatments

1996 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 388-390
Author(s):  
Donald F. Proctor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Childhood Deafness ◽  
Historic Development

Nasopharyngeal radium irradiation was a medical treatment that replaced eustachian tube inflation and was itself replaced by tympanotomy tubes. Research and development began in 1924 when Samuel J. Crowe was awarded funds to develop an otologic research laboratory. He observed that recurring adenoids and serous otitis were associated with childhood deafness. In collaboration with Curtis Burnam, he developed a nasopharyngeal radon applicator in the 1930s. This was modified in the 1940s to a nasopharyngeal radium applicator, which had a much longer half-life and did not need treatment lengths recalculated twice each day. Numerous reports on the clinical use of nasopharyngeal radium irradiation in the United States were published. Papers have cautioned against possible dangers of nasopharyngeal radium irradiation, but there have been no substantiated reports. This report ends with three concluding suggestions for research.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Vorapaxar as Approved for Clinical Use in the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Magnani ◽  
Marc P. Bonaca ◽  
Eugene Braunwald ◽  
Anthony J. Dalby ◽  
Keith A. A. Fox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Efficacy And Safety

Joint Mobilization Education and Clinical Use in the United States

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1000-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharona Ben-Sorek ◽  
Carol M. Davis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Joint Mobilization

Biofeedback: A Survey regarding Current Clinical Use and Content in Occupational Therapy Educational Curricula

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Theodore I. King
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Biofeedback Training ◽  
Technical Level ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Electromyographic Biofeedback ◽  
Physical Dysfunction

Survey data were collected from a questionnaire mailed to 418 physical dysfunction rehabilitation clinics and 176 occupational therapy educational programs throughout the United States. Information collected from the clinics included: 1) current use of biofeedback, 2) types of biofeedback used, 3) frequency of biofeedback use, and 4) type of biofeedback training received. Information collected from the occupational therapy educational programs included: 1) current inclusion of biofeedback in the curriculum, 2) types of biofeedback included in the curriculum, 3) length of time biofeedback has been included in the curriculum, and 4) type of biofeedback training received by the course instructor. Questionnaires were returned from 301 clinics (72% of the sample) and 91 educational programs (67% of the sample). Forty-seven percent of the clinics reported current use of biofeedback while 59% of those not using biofeedback indicated they would like to in the future. Sixty-three percent of the professional level occupational therapy educational programs indicated current inclusion of biofeedback in the physical dysfunction portion of the curriculum while 13% of the technical level programs reported its inclusion. Electromyographic biofeedback is used in 95% of the clinics using biofeedback as a modality and is taught in 84% of the occupational therapy educational curricula that include biofeedback. Seventy-three percent of the clinicians using biofeedback reported their major training as “on-the-job,” while 66% of the educators including biofeedback in their curricula also reported their training primarily as “on-the-job.”

scholarly journals Lasting power of new clotting proteins

Hematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry S. Powell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Half Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clotting Factor ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Factor Activity ◽  
Bleeding Episodes

Abstract Hemophilia is a genetic disease caused by a deficiency of one of the coagulation proteins. The term usually refers to either hemophilia A, factor VIII (FVIII), with an incidence of ∼1 in 5000 male births, or hemophilia B, factor IX (FIX), with an incidence of ∼1 in 30 000 male births. When severe, the disease leads to spontaneous life-threatening bleeding episodes. Current therapy requires frequent intravenous infusions of therapeutic factor concentrates. Most patients administer the infusions at home every few days and must limit their physical activities to avoid bleeding when the factor activity levels are below normal. In March 2014, a new therapeutic FIX preparation was approved for clinical use in Canada and the United States and, in June 2014, a new FVIII preparation was approved for clinical use in the United States. Over the next couple of years, other new factor products for FIX, FVIIa, and FVIII, which are currently in late stages of clinical trials, will likely also be approved. These new factors have been engineered to extend their half-life in circulation, thus providing major therapeutic advances for patients with hemophilia primarily by allowing treatment with fewer infusions per month. In the clinical trials so far, >500 patients have successfully used these extended half-life products regularly for >1 year to prevent spontaneous bleeding, to treat successfully any bleeding episodes, and to provide effective coagulation for major surgery. Essentially all infusions were well tolerated and effective. These promising new therapies should allow patients to use fewer infusions to maintain appropriate clotting factor activity levels in all clinical settings.

Reliability of Arrest and Incarceration Questions on the Risk Behavior Assessment

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis G. Fisher ◽  
Grace L. Reynolds ◽  
Michele M. Wood ◽  
Mark E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Behavior Assessment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

We examined 48-hour test-retest reliability of the arrest and incarceration questions on the Risk Behavior Assessment (RBA; National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1993). Participants were 229 street-drug users recruited in 11 cities throughout the United States. Results revealed that lifetime arrest and incarceration items demonstrated good to excellent reliability. The 30-day arrest and incarceration items provided such poor reliabilities that they would yield unreliable data with limited research or clinical use. Future research needs to identify alternative items that can yield reliable data regarding recent arrest history; until then, it is recommended that the recent arrest items be used with caution.

Preparation and Application of Nanosensor in Safeguarding Heparin Supply Chain

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-403
Author(s):  
Yiling Bi ◽  
Khoi Dang Le ◽  
Gurusankar Ramamoorthy ◽  
Balagurunathan Kuberan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Chondroitin Sulfate ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Sensitive Tool ◽  
Oversulfated Chondroitin Sulfate

Heparin has been in clinical use as an anticoagulant for the last eight decades and used worldwide in more than 100 million medical procedures every year. This lifesaving drug is predominantly obtained from ~700 million pig intestines or bovine organs through millions of small and medium-sized slaughterhouses. However, the preparations from animal sources have raised many safety concerns, including the contamination of heparin with potential pathogens, proteins, and other impurities. In fact, contaminated heparin preparations caused 149 deaths in several countries, including the United States, Germany, and Japan in 2008, highlighting the need for implementing sensitive and simple analytical techniques to monitor and safeguard the heparin supply chain. The contaminant responsible for the adverse effects in 2008 was identified as oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS). We have developed a very sensitive, facile method of detecting OSCS in heparin lots using a nanosensor, a gold nanoparticle–heparin dye conjugate. The sensor is an excellent substrate for heparitinase enzyme, which cleaves the heparin polymer into smaller disaccharide fragments, and therefore facilitates recovery of fluorescence from the dye upon heparitinase treatment. However, the presence of OSCS results in diminished fluorescence recovery from the nanosensor upon heparitinase treatment, because OSCS inhibits the enzyme. The newly designed nanosensor can detect as low as 1 × 10–9% (w/w) OSCS, making it the most sensitive tool available to date for the detection of trace amounts of OSCS in pharmaceutical heparins. In this report, we describe a simple methodology for the preparation of nanosensor and its application in the detection of OSCS contaminants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document