scholarly journals Effect of Iron Deficiency on the Increased Blood Divalent Metal Concentrations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Divalent Metal ◽  
Metal Concentrations

Chemicals That Stimulate Iron Uptake – A Novel Approach to Treatment of Iron Deficiency,

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 3180-3180
Author(s):  
Zhen Li
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Iron Uptake ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
K562 Cells ◽  
Divalent Metal ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Ferric Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Caco2 Cells ◽  
Ferric Ammonium

Abstract 3180 Iron (Fe) is an essential nutrient required for all cells, especially for erythrocyte hemoglobin synthesis which requires absorption of 1–2 mg of iron from the gastrointestinal tract. Iron deficiency as a result of inadequate dietary uptake has multiple consequences including anemia and abnormal neurologic development in children and is a global public health concern. Enterocytes in the duodenum, the site of iron absorption, can extract about 10% of dietary Fe. Nonetheless for numerous reasons simple iron supplementation has not solved the worldwide epidemic of iron deficiency. We hypothesized that small molecules which could potentiate iron uptake into cells would allow enterocytes to absorb an increased amount of dietary iron and could be beneficial in limiting iron deficiency. To identify molecules that would accelerate Fe uptake we used a high through-put screening system in conjunction with a reporter system of K562 cells loaded with the divalent metal chelator calcein whose fluorescence is quenched with chelation of Fe2+. Small molecules that stimulated Fe uptake were defined as causing increased calcein fluorescence quenching compared to Fe alone. K562 cells were exposed to 0.1 μM calcein for 10 minutes, thoroughly washed, and 1 × 105 cells plated into each well of multiple 96-well plates. After equilibration of the plates at 37° C, aliquots of the individual components of an in-house chemical library of ∼12,000 compounds dissolved in DMSO were screened in duplicate or triplicate and fluorescence measurements made at 0 and 30 min after addition of 10 μM FeNH4SO4 in a Synergy IV plate reader. 30 chemicals were identified that stimulated iron-induced quenching of calcein fluorescence. The stimulation was verified by dose response curves and by assaying the effect on non-transferrin bound 55Fe uptake. None of the stimulators were cytotoxic for up to at least 3 days. The lead compound, LS081, had an IC50 = 1.22 ± 0.48 μM for 55Fe uptake in K562 cells compared to controls. LS081 was also used to examine the iron uptake in Caco2 cells grown in bicameral chambers, a model system to study intestinal iron absorption. LS081 significantly increased 55Fe uptake into Caco2 cells with a very rapid influx of 55Fe in the first 5 min after Fe was offered to the apical surface followed by a ∼ 4-fold increased uptake over the next 90 min. 55Fe transport across the basolateral surface into the basal chamber also increased ∼ 4 fold. The increased 55Fe transport in caco2 cells is more prominent at lower pH of 5.5 compare to pH 7.5 suggesting LS081 acted on a common divalent metal uptake pathway. Mice treated with LS081 + ferric ammonium citrate via oral gavage for two weeks significantly increased (p < 0.001 by unpaired t-test compared to ferric ammonium citrate alone) the level of ferritin, the iron storage protein, in the liver, demonstrating the absorption of LS081 from intestinal cells. In summary, using high through-put screening technique we identified small molecules that stimulate iron uptake and could be used as a drug for iron deficiency. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals NRAMP1 promotes iron uptake at the late stage of iron deficiency in poplars

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1235-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Min Chen ◽  
Yi-Ming Wang ◽  
Hai-Ling Yang ◽  
Qing-Yin Zeng ◽  
Yan-Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Iron Uptake ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll Synthesis ◽  
Divalent Metal ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
Divalent Metal Ions ◽  
Fe Homeostasis

Abstract Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for plant survival and proliferation. Plants have evolved complex mechanisms to maintain Fe homeostasis in response to Fe deficiency. In this study, we evaluated the physiological, biochemical and transcriptomic differences between poplars grown under Fe-sufficient and Fe-deficient conditions to elucidate the mechanistic responses of poplars to Fe deficiency. Our results revealed that chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis were inhibited under Fe-deficient conditions. The inhibition of these pathways caused chlorosis and reduced shoot growth. Although both photosynthetic systems (PSI and PSII) were inhibited under Fe limitation, PSI was affected more severely and earlier than PSII. Fe deficiency also promoted root growth and increased the accumulation of divalent metal ions in roots. IRT1 and NRAMP1 are both Fe2+ transporters for iron uptake in Arabidopsis. In this study, however, only NRAMP1 was induced to promote Fe2+ uptake in roots at the late stage of Fe deficiency response. It indicated that NRAMP1, rather than the more well-known IRT1, might be a major Fe2+ transporter at the late stage of Fe-deficiency in poplars.

Expression of the duodenal iron transporters divalent-metal transporter 1 and ferroportin 1 in iron deficiency and iron overload

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 1412-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Zoller ◽  
Günter Weiss ◽  
Igor Theurl ◽  
Robert O. Koch ◽  
Wolfgang Vogel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Divalent Metal ◽  
Divalent Metal Transporter 1 ◽  
Divalent Metal Transporter ◽  
Metal Transporter ◽  
Ferroportin 1

scholarly journals Ablation of intestinal divalent metal‐ion transporter‐1 produces iron‐deficiency anemia

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Shawki ◽  
Sarah R Anthony ◽  
Eric J Niespodzany ◽  
Avni A Amratia ◽  
Bryan Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Divalent Metal ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Ion Transporter ◽  
Divalent Metal Ion

The impact of iron status and smoking on blood divalent metal concentrations in Norwegian women in the HUNT2 Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.M. Meltzer ◽  
J. Alexander ◽  
A.L. Brantsæter ◽  
B. Borch-Iohnsen ◽  
D.G. Ellingsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Status ◽  
Divalent Metal ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

Is iron deficiency investigated appropriately?

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A728-A729
Author(s):  
A DIMAMBRO ◽  
T BROOKLYN ◽  
N HASLAM
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency
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