scholarly journals The Role of Glucose and Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Development of Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sithandiwe Eunice Mazibuko-Mbeje ◽  
Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla ◽  
Bongani B. Nkambule ◽  
Nnini Obonye ◽  
Johan Louw
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism

Role of the AMP-activated protein kinase in regulating fatty acid metabolism during exerciseThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled 14th International Biochemistry of Exercise Conference – Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines, and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process.

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory R. Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

During moderate-intensity exercise, fatty acids are the predominant substrate for working skeletal muscle. The release of fatty acids from adipose tissue stores, combined with the ability of skeletal muscle to actively fine tune the gradient between fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism, depending on substrate availability and energetic demands, requires a coordinated system of metabolic control. Over the past decade, since the discovery that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was increased in accordance with exercise intensity, there has been significant interest in the proposed role of this ancient stress-sensing kinase as a critical integrative switch controlling metabolic responses during exercise. In this review, studies examining the role of AMPK as a regulator of fatty acid metabolism in both adipose tissue and skeletal muscle during exercise will be discussed. Exercise induces activation of AMPK in adipocytes and regulates triglyceride hydrolysis and esterfication through phosphorylation of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and glycerol-3-phosphate acyl-transferase, respectively. In skeletal muscle, exercise-induced activation of AMPK is associated with increases in fatty acid uptake, phosphorylation of HSL, and increased fatty acid oxidation, which is thought to occur via the acetyl-CoA carboxylase-malony-CoA-CPT-1 signalling axis. Despite the importance of AMPK in regulating fatty acid metabolism under resting conditions, recent evidence from transgenic models of AMPK deficiency suggest that alternative signalling pathways may also be important for the control of fatty acid metabolism during exercise.

Intracellular Fatty Acid Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle and Insulin Resistance

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Koh ◽  
Woo Lee ◽  
Min-Seon Kim ◽  
Joong-Yeol Park ◽  
In Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism

scholarly journals Aberrant fatty acid metabolism in skeletal muscle contributes to insulin resistance in zinc transporter 7 (znt7)-knockout mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 293 (20) ◽  
pp. 7549-7563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Huang ◽  
Surapun Tepaamorndech ◽  
Catherine P. Kirschke ◽  
John W. Newman ◽  
William R. Keyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Zinc Transporter

Perilipin 5 deficiency in mice alters fatty acid metabolism and causes skeletal muscle insulin resistance

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e42-e43
Author(s):  
Rachael Mason ◽  
Ruzaidi Mokhtar ◽  
Maria Matzaris ◽  
Aharthy Selathurai ◽  
Clinton Bruce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance ◽  
Perilipin 5

Skeletal muscle fatty acid metabolism in association with insulin resistance, obesity, and weight loss

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (6) ◽  
pp. E1130-E1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Kelley ◽  
Bret Goodpaster ◽  
Rena R. Wing ◽  
Jean-Aime Simoneau
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Obese Subjects

The current study was undertaken to investigate fatty acid metabolism by skeletal muscle to examine potential mechanisms that could lead to increased muscle triglyceride in obesity. Sixteen lean and 40 obese research volunteers had leg balance measurement of glucose and free fatty acid (FFA) uptake (fractional extraction of [9,103H]oleate) and indirect calorimetry across the leg to determine substrate oxidation during fasting and insulin-stimulated conditions. Muscle obtained by percutaneous biopsy had lower carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT) activity and oxidative enzyme activity in obesity ( P < 0.05). During fasting conditions, obese subjects had an elevated leg respiratory quotient (RQ, 0.83 ± 0.02 vs. 0.90 ± 0.01; P < 0.01) and reduced fat oxidation but similar FFA uptake across the leg. During insulin infusions, fat oxidation by leg tissues was suppressed in lean but not obese subjects; rates of FFA uptake were similar. Fasting values for leg RQ correlated with insulin sensitivity ( r = −0.57, P < 0.001). Thirty-two of the obese subjects were restudied after weight loss (WL, −14.0 ± 0.9 kg); insulin sensitivity and insulin suppression of fat oxidation improved ( P < 0.01), but fasting leg RQ (0.90 ± 0.02 vs. 0.90 ± 0.02, pre-WL vs. post-WL) and muscle CPT activity did not change. The findings suggest that triglyceride accumulation in skeletal muscle in obesity derives from reduced capacity for fat oxidation and that inflexibility in regulating fat oxidation, more than fatty acid uptake, is related to insulin resistance.

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