scholarly journals Synergistic Activity of Antibiotics and Bioactive Plant Extracts: A Study Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olgica D. Stefanović
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

scholarly journals The Antibacterial Activity of Catunaregam tomentosa Against Selected Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Nor Aleesa Ali ◽  
Wan Amalina Wan Mamat ◽  
Syed Ahmad Tajudin Tuan Johari ◽  
Muhammad Yusran Abdul Aziz ◽  
Ahmad Syibli Othman
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial Drug ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Value Evaluation

Catunaregam tomentosa is a plant from Rubiaceae family that is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of stomatitis and ulcers due to bacterial infections. Besides, it also helps in the treatment of oliguria and dysuria. Indiscriminate use of commercial antibacterial medicines had led to the search for novel antibacterial drugs. Since for ages medicinal plants have been used to treat bacterial infection, so they can be excellent sources of the novel antibacterial drug. To evaluate the scientific basis of the use of plant, antibacterial activity leaves extract of C.tomentosa was investigated against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The study also investigated the effect of pH on its antibacterial activity. Antibacterial activity of the plant extracts was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by using the disc diffusion method at 100mg/mL concentration. Extracts of C. tomentosa inhibit the activity of S. aureus but do not inhibit the activity of Gram-negative bacteria. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was also determined against S. aureus at concentration 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6, 3, 1.5, 0.75 and 0.395mg/mL and 3mg/mL were the MIC value. Evaluation on the effect of different pH on antibacterial activity of plant extracts shows that the activity of the plant extracts does not affect when treated with acidic pH but increased at alkaline pH. Based on the present finding, C. tomentosa leaves extract have the potential to be a viable candidate in the discovery of a natural antibacterial agent against S. aureus infections. This study provides scientific knowledge to further determine the antibacterial values of C. tomentosa extracts.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTI-YEAST EFFECTS OF SOME ESSENTIAL OILS

2018 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Urjinlham R ◽  
Oyunbileg B ◽  
Anumandal O ◽  
Sainbileg P ◽  
Rentsenkhand Ts
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Ledum Palustre

Essential oils from aromatic plants of Ledum palustre L. and Mentha piperita L. were extracted using steam distillation and the antimicrobial effects were evaluated alone and in combinations against food-borne pathogens of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and food related-yeasts (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyce spombe, and Geotrichum candidum). Essential oils from two aromatic plants used in this study showed the antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeast, which was found to be concentration dependent. The effects of Ledum palustre L. and Mentha piperita L. plants essential oils against yeast and Gram-negative bacteria at concentrations of 0.5 ul/ml and 0.25 ul/ml extended lag phase or adaptation phase by 48 hours, respectively. Gram-positive bacteria were found to be susceptible to the studied two plants essential oils. When the effects of antimicrobial activity of two essential oils were tested in combination against bacteria and yeast in vitro, the MIC value was in the range of 0.125-0.5 ul/ml and showed synergistic activity against E.coli and additive values against B.subtilis and S.cerevisiae. 

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity in the leaves of seven bitter medicinal plants of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
MTH Molla ◽  
MS Ahsan ◽  
MT Alam ◽  
ME Haque
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Context: Development of resistance in human pathogens against conventional antibiotic necessitates searching indigenous medicinal plants having antibacterial property. Seven medicinal plants used actively in folklore, ayurvedic and traditional system of medicine were selected for the evaluation of their antimicrobial activity for this study.   Objectives: Evaluation of the effectiveness of some medicinal plant extracts against four Gram-positive and five Gram-negative bacteria.  Materials and Methods: The antibacterial activity of the crude ethanolic extracts obtained from the leaves of seven medicinal plants; viz., Andrographis paniculata, Catharanthus roseus, Adhatoda vasica, Vitex vegundo, Aloe vera, Flacortia ramontchi and Nyctanthes arbortristis were tested against nine bacteria at concentrations of 300-, 400- and 500 μg/ml. Standard antibiotic disc kanamycin (30μg/ml) was used for comparison. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanolic extracts of the leaves of these medicinal plants were determined by testing the extracts on four Gram-positive and five Gram-negative bacteria by serial tube dilution method.   Results: All the extracts have notable antimicrobial activities against the test organisms. The ethanolic extracts of the leaves showed the highest antimicrobial activities against Bacillus megaterium and Shigella dysenteriae for An. paniculata, Ad. vasica and Al. vera; Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi for C. roseus and N. arbortristis; Staphylociccus aureus and Salmonella typhi for V. vegundo; and Bacillus subtilis and Shigella sonnei for F. ramontchi respectively. The extract of the plants had MIC values ranging from 32 to 128 mg/ml. All plant extracts showed no MIC against Shigella shiga and against Sarcina lutea only C. roseus showed MIC 128 mg/ml.   Conclusion: The results revealed that the ethanolic extracts of the plants under present investigation have notable antimicrobial activities.   Keywords: medicinal plants; antimicrobial screening; MIC; bacteria. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v18i0.8788 JBS 2010; 18(0): 128-133

Rapid demonstration of septic or infectious arthritis due to Gram-negative bacteria

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 686-687
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Paul R. Gross ◽  
Beverly L. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Arthritis ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Infectious Arthritis ◽  
Bacterial Arthritis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Blood cultures are positive in approximately only 50 per cent of the patients with nongonococcal bacterial infectious arthritis and about 20 per cent of those with gonococcal arthritis. But the concept that gram-negative bacteria could be involved even in chronic arthritis is well-supported. Gram stains are more definitive in staphylococcal arthritis caused by gram-positive bacteria than in bacterial arthritis due to gram-negative bacteria. In the latter situation where gram-negative bacilli are the problem, Gram stains are helpful for 50% of the patients; they are only helpful for 25% of the patients, however, where gram-negative gonococci are the problem. In arthritis due to gram-positive Staphylococci. Gramstained smears are positive for 75% of the patients.

In-vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic Extract of Shorea robusta Gaertn. F. Resin

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Sushma Vashisht ◽  
Manish Pal Singh ◽  
Viney Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Resin Extract

The methanolic extract of the resin of Shorea robusta was subjected to investigate its antioxidant and antibacterial properties its utility in free radical mediated diseases including diabetic, cardiovascular, cancer etc. The methanol extract of the resin was tested for antioxidant activity using scavenging activity of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) radical method, reducing power by FeCl3 and antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion method. The phytochemical screening considered the presence of triterpenoids, tannins and flavoniods. Overall, the plant extract is a source of natural antioxidants which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stress mediated diseases including aging. The half inhibition concentration (IC50) of resin extract of Shorea robusta and ascorbic acid were 35.60 µg/ml and 31.91 µg/ml respectively. The resin extract exhibit a significant dose dependent inhibition of DPPH activity. Antibacterial activity was observed against gram positive and gram negative bacteria in dose dependent manner.Key Words: Shorea robusta, antioxidant, antibacterial, Disc-diffusion, DPPH.

Antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles prepared by Calcination method

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaf Ayad Kadhem ◽  
Miaad Hamzah Zghair ◽  
Sarah , Hussam H. Tizkam, Shoeb Alahmad Salih Mahdi ◽  
Hussam H. Tizkam ◽  
Shoeb Alahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Agar Disc

magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were prepared by simple wet chemical method using different calcination temperatures. The prepared NPs were characterized by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). It demonstrates sharp intensive peak with the increase of crystallinty and increase of the size with varying morphologies with respect to increase of calcination temperature. Antibacterial studies were done on gram negative bacteria (E.coli) and gram positive bacteria (S.aureus) by agar disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibitions were found larger for gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria, this mean, antibacterial MgO NPs activity more active on gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria because of the structural differences. It was found that antibacterial activity of MgO NPs was found it has directly proportional with their concentration.

Antimicrobial Activity of Iron-Halide Complexes Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusrat Abedin ◽  
Abdullah Hamed A Alshehri ◽  
Ali M A Almughrbi ◽  
Olivia Moore ◽  
Sheikh Alyza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Extracellular Dna ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Mammalian Cell Lines

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become one of the more serious threats to the global health. The emergence of bacteria resistant to antimicrobial substances decreases the potencies of current antibiotics. Consequently, there is an urgent and growing need for the developing of new classes of antibiotics. Three prepared novel iron complexes have a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity with minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranging from 3.5 to 10 mM and 3.5 to 40 mM against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with antimicrobial resistance phenotype, respectively. Time-kill studies and quantification of the extracellular DNA confirmed the bacteriolytic mode of action of the iron-halide compounds. Additionally, the novel complexes showed significant antibiofilm activity against the tested pathogenic bacterial strains at concentrations lower than the MBC. The cytotoxic effect of the complexes on different mammalian cell lines show sub-cytotoxic values at concentrations lower than the minimum bactericidal concentrations.

BAKTERI PADA KARANG SCLERACTINIA DI KAWASAN PERAIRAN BUNAKEN, MOROTAI DAN RAJA AMPAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Eghbert Eghbert Elvan Eghbert Elvan Ampou ◽  
Iis Iis Triyulianti ◽  
Nuryani Widagti ◽  
Suciadi Catur Nugroho ◽  
Yuli Pancawati
Keyword(s):  
Scleractinian Coral ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Hard Coral ◽  
Field Sampling ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Coral Mucus ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Research on hard coral (Scleractinian coral) contaminated with bacteria is still not much done, especially in Indonesian waters. This study took samples of coral mucus in 2010 at 3 (three) different locations, namely Bunaken (May); Morotai (September) and Raja Ampat (November), which focused on the analysis of Research on hard coral (Scleractinian coral) contaminated with bacteria is still not much done, especially in Indonesian waters. This study took samples of coral mucus in 2010 at 3 (three) different locations, namely Bunaken (May); Morotai (September) and Raja Ampat (November), which focused on the analysis of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The method used for field sampling is time swim, which is by diving at a depth of 5-10 meters for ± 30 minutes and randomly taking samples of coral mucus using siring or by taking directly on corals (reef branching). Mucus samples were analyzed by bacterial isolation in the laboratory. The result shows that there were differences between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in the three research sites and that gram-positive bacteria were higher or dominant. Further research that can identify the bacteria species and explain its relationship to the ecosystem is highly recommended.Keywords: Bacteria, Scleractinian coral, gram-positive and -negative, Bunaken, Morotai, Raja Ampat  AbstrakPenelitian tentang karang keras (Scleractinian coral) yang terkontaminasi bakteri masih belum banyak dilakukan, terutama di perairan Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel mucus karang pada tahun 2010 di 3 (tiga) lokasi berbeda, yakni Bunaken (Mei); Morotai (September) dan Raja Ampat (November), yang difokuskan pada analisis bakteri gram postif dan gram negatif. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel di lapangan adalah time swim, yaitu dengan penyelaman pada kedalaman 5-10 meter selama ±30 menit dan mengambil sampel mucus karang secara acak menggunakan siring atau dengan mengambil langsung pada karang (fraksi cabang). Sampel mucus dianalisis dengan cara isolasi bakteri di laboratorium. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan antara bakteri gram positif dan gram negative di tiga lokasi survei dan bakteri gram positif lebih tinggi atau dominan. Penelitian lebih lanjut yang dapat menentukan jenis bakteri serta menjelaskan hubungannya dengan ekosistem sangat disarankan untuk dilakukan.Kata Kunci : Bakteri, Scleractinian coral, gram positif dan negatif, Bunaken, Morotai, Raja Ampat

SDS-NaOH solution for rapid discrimination of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in urine

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 907
Author(s):  
Hu LI ◽  
Ming-kun CHEN ◽  
Hui WANG ◽  
Yan CHEN ◽  
Xian-hao SU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Rapid Discrimination
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document