scholarly journals The Five Families of DNA Repair Proteins and their Functionally Relevant Ubiquitination

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niko Moses ◽  
Xiaohong Mary Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Dna Repair Proteins

scholarly journals DNA repair proteins may differentiate papillary thyroid cancer from chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and nodular colloidal goiter

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahri Evren ◽  
Sami Yılmaz ◽  
Neşe Karadağ ◽  
Ayşe Çıkım Sertkaya ◽  
Ömercan Topaloğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Follicular Cell ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Chronic Thyroiditis ◽  
Dna Repair Proteins ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Repair Genes

AbstractMalignant thyroid lesions are the most common malignancy of the endocrine glands with increasing rates in the last two decades. Papillary thyroid cancer is the most common thyroid malignancy. In our study, we aimed to quantitatively evaluate the levels of DNA repair proteins MSH2, MLH1, MGMT, which are representative blocks of patients diagnosed with papillary carcinoma, chronic thyroiditis, or colloidal goiter. Total or subtotal thyroidectomy material of 90 patients diagnosed with papillary carcinoma, nodular colloidal goiter, or chronic thyroiditis between 2009 and 2012 were retrospectively evaluated. Tissue samples obtained from paraffin blocks were stained with MGMT, MSH2, MLH1 proteins and their immunohistochemistry was evaluated. Prepared sections were examined qualitatively by an impartial pathologist and a clinician, taking into account the staining method under the trinocular light microscope. Although there was no statistically significant difference in MGMT, MSH2, MLH1, follicular cell positivity, staining intensity, and immunoreactivity values, papillary carcinoma cases showed a higher rate of follicular cell positivity, and this difference was more pronounced between papillary carcinoma and colloidal goiter. In the MSH2 follicular cell positivity evaluation, the difference between chronic thyroiditis and colloidal goiter was significant (p = 0.023). The difference between chronic thyroiditis and colloidal goiter was significant in the MSH2 staining intensity evaluation (p = 0.001). The difference between chronic thyroiditis and colloidal goiter was significant in MLH1 immunoreactivity evaluation (p = 0.012). Papillary carcinoma cases were demonstrated by nuclear staining only for MSH2 and MLH1 proteins as opposed to hyperplastic nodules. The higher levels of expression of DNA repair genes in malignant tumors compared to benign tumors are attributed to the functional activation of DNA repair genes. Further studies are needed for DNA repair proteins to be a potential test in the development and progression of thyroid cancer.

scholarly journals Host DNA Repair Proteins in Response toPseudomonas aeruginosain Lung Epithelial Cells and in Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Wu ◽  
Huang Huang ◽  
Weidong Zhang ◽  
Shibichakravarthy Kannan ◽  
Andrew Weaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Lung Epithelial Cells ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Lung Epithelial ◽  
Dna Repair Proteins

ABSTRACTAlthough DNA repair proteins in bacteria are critical for pathogens' genome stability and for subverting the host defense, the role of host DNA repair proteins in response to bacterial infection is poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, that infection with the Gram-negative bacteriumPseudomonas aeruginosasignificantly altered the expression and enzymatic activity of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) in lung epithelial cells. Downregulation of OGG1 by a small interfering RNA strategy resulted in severe DNA damage and cell death. In addition, acetylation of OGG1 is required for host responses to bacterial genotoxicity, as mutations of OGG1 acetylation sites increased Cockayne syndrome group B (CSB) protein expression. These results also indicate that CSB may be involved in DNA repair activity during infection. Furthermore, OGG1 knockout mice exhibited increased lung injury after infection withP. aeruginosa, as demonstrated by higher myeloperoxidase activity and lipid peroxidation. Together, our studies indicate thatP. aeruginosainfection induces significant DNA damage in host cells and that DNA repair proteins play a critical role in the host response toP. aeruginosainfection, serving as promising targets for the treatment of this condition and perhaps more broadly Gram-negative bacterial infections.

Imaging techniques used for the detection of 8-oxoguanine adducts and DNA repair proteins in cells and tissues

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1483-1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Persinger ◽  
Robert Melamede ◽  
Ivan Bespalov ◽  
Susan Wallace ◽  
Douglas J. Taatjes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Dna Repair Proteins ◽  
In Cells

Interference by toxic metal compounds with isolated zinc finger DNA repair proteins

2000 ◽  
Vol 112-113 ◽  
pp. 227-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Asmuß ◽  
Leon H.F. Mullenders ◽  
Andrea Hartwig
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Dna Repair Proteins

Telomeres, DNA Repair Proteins, and Making Ends Meet

2003 ◽  
pp. 359-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Bailey ◽  
Julianne Meyne ◽  
Edwin H. Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Dna Repair Proteins
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