scholarly journals Leveraging Bioactives to Support Human Health through the Lifecycle: Scientific Evidence and Regulatory Considerations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deshanie Rai ◽  
Gyan Rai
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Scientific Evidence

scholarly journals Probiotic: An Uprising Human Health Concept

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amishi Bhatt ◽  
Dhyey Kothari ◽  
Charmy Kothari ◽  
Ramesh Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Most of our gut microbiota live with us in a mutually beneficial life-long relationship. The gut microbiota plays a vital role in the host’s overall health through its metabolic activities. Human microbiota might be supported by consuming friendly bacteria (probiotics) and consuming foods to improve the microbiota (prebiotics). During the last two decades, probiotics’ interest has increased with rising scientific shreds of evidence of benefits on human health. Hence, they have been exploited as various food products, mainly fermented foods. Probiotics as a treatment modality may restore normal microbiota and functioning of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Strong scientific evidence is associating these bacteria with the prevention and therapy of various GI disorders. (In light of the ongoing trend of probiotics, further research is needed to obtain the perspective of potential applications for better health. Probiotic applications have been extended from health applications to food and agricultural applications. The benefits of probiotics led to its applications in probiotic ‘health food’ industries and agricultural sectors.

scholarly journals Dietary Bioactive Compounds and Human Health and Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia González
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Nutritional Compounds ◽  
Dietary Bioactive Compounds

In the last century, solid scientific evidence has demonstrated the role of nutritional compounds in the maintenance of health [...]

scholarly journals Nanoparticles, human health hazard and regulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Seaton ◽  
Lang Tran ◽  
Robert Aitken ◽  
Kenneth Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
New Developments ◽  
New Science ◽  
Combustion Particles ◽  
Human Health Hazard ◽  
Physical Principles

New developments in technology usually entail some hazard as well as advantage to a society. Hazard of a material translates into risk by exposure of humans and/or their environment to the agent in question, and risk is reduced by control of exposure, usually guided by regulation based on understanding of the mechanisms of harm. We illustrate risks relating to the causation of diseases associated with exposure to aerosols of combustion particles and asbestos, leading to paradigms of particle toxicity, and discuss analogies with potential exposure to manufactured nanoparticles (NPs). We review the current understanding of the hazard of NPs derived from the new science of nanotoxicology and the limited research to date into human exposure to these particles. We identify gaps in knowledge relating to the properties of NPs that might determine toxicity and in understanding the most appropriate ways both to measure this in the laboratory and to assess it in the workplace. Nevertheless, we point out that physical principles governing the behaviour of such particles allow determination of practical methods of protecting those potentially exposed. Finally, we discuss the early steps towards regulation and the difficulties facing regulators in controlling potentially harmful exposures in the absence of sufficient scientific evidence.

scholarly journals Human health effects of conjugated linoleic acid from milk and supplements

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy A. McCrorie ◽  
Edel M. Keaveney ◽  
Julie M. W. Wallace ◽  
Nino Binns ◽  
M. Barbara E. Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Health Claims

The primary purpose of the present review was to determine if the scientific evidence available for potential human health benefits of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is sufficient to support health claims on foods based on milk naturally enriched with cis-9, trans-11-CLA (c9, t11-CLA). A search of the scientific literature was conducted and showed that almost all the promising research results that have emerged in relation to cancer, heart health, obesity, diabetes and bone health have been in animal models or in vitro. Most human intervention studies have utilised synthetic CLA supplements, usually a 50:50 blend of c9, t11-CLA and trans-10, cis-12-CLA (t10, c12-CLA). Of these studies, the only evidence that is broadly consistent is an effect on body fat and weight reduction. A previous review of the relevant studies found that 3.2 g CLA/d resulted in a modest body fat loss in human subjects of about 0.09 kg/week, but this effect was attributed to the t10, c12-CLA isomer. There is no evidence of a consistent benefit of c9, t11-CLA on any health conditions; and in fact both synthetic isomers, particularly t10, c12-CLA, have been suspected of having pro-diabetic effects in individuals who are already at risk of developing diabetes. Four published intervention studies using naturally enriched CLA products were identified; however, the results were inconclusive. This may be partly due to the differences in the concentration of CLA administered in animal and human studies. In conclusion, further substantiation of the scientific evidence relating to CLA and human health benefits are required before health claims can be confirmed.

scholarly journals Ramadan 2020 and Beyond in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Scientific Evidence For Action

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-110
Author(s):  
Hala Elmajnoun ◽  
Mohammed Elhag ◽  
Hatem Mohamed ◽  
Parvez Haris ◽  
Abu-Bakr Abu-Median
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
Balanced Diet ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Unique Experience ◽  
Access To Food

Background: Ramadan is a sacred month in Islam, which involves 29–30 days of dawn-till-dusk dry-fasting. Millions of Muslims observed Ramadan fasting (RF) this year in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. Certain ethnic groups worldwide, including Muslims, have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19, raising fears that fasting could bring additional health risks. This directly impacted on the current challenges faced by health professionals. The COVID-19 virus is expected to become seasonal. Therefore, the evidence presented in this review is valid beyond Ramadan as intermittent fasting is practiced more widely, irrespective of religion, throughout the year as a therapeutic and prophylactic means for several conditions.  Methods: A wide range of literature databases were searched for the effects of RF and intermittent fasting on human health and then linked to COVID-19 impact to generate the evidence. Results: This review presents a body of evidence proving RF is safe and beneficial for healthy people who adopt a balanced diet, drink plenty of fluids, and engage in regular physical activity. Fasting reduces levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6), which are associated with severe COVID-19.  Furthermore, increased handwashing and hygiene during Ramadan may reduce infection risks. For some, social isolation, physical inactivity, reduced access to food and stress – linked to the pandemic – may minimize the benefits that is achieved during a “normal” Ramadan. Conclusions: RF during the COVID-19 pandemic is not a cause of concern for healthy people. However, people who are ill are exempt from fasting and should seek medical advice if they wish to fast. RF during the COVID-19 pandemic is a unique experience and future research will reveal its impact on human health. Key words: COVID-19; Ramadan; fasting; health; mental; exercise; isolation; lockdown; diabetes; biomarkers           

scholarly journals Bats and COVID-19: villains or victims?

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria João Ramos Pereira ◽  
Enrico Bernard ◽  
Ludmilla M. S. Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Opinion Piece

Abstract Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, bats are being pointed as responsible for its origin, even without solid scientific evidence. In this opinion piece, we discuss the most updated information on bats and COVID-19 and argue that bats should not be blamed for a disease they are not responsible for. Bats should be seen not as dangerous animals but, instead, as sources of several scientific insights useful for human health.

Recent Evidence on the Role of Dietary PUFAs in Cancer Development and Prevention

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 1818-1836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo D`Archivio ◽  
Beatrice Scazzocchio ◽  
Rosaria Vari ◽  
Carmela Santangelo ◽  
Claudio Giovannini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Tumor Subtypes ◽  
Human Cancers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Background: Scientific evidence has been accumulated about the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on human health. The hypothesis that n-3 PUFAs might improve the efficiency of anticancer drugs has recently been considered. The role of n-6 PUFAs, in contrast, needs to be better assessed. However, the effective mechanisms of action of PUFAs have not been fully clarified yet. This review aims to report the most updated evidence on the role of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs in the development and treatment of human cancers, focusing on the potential mechanisms by which PUFAs exert their effects. Methods: We undertook a structured search in PubMed on February 17th 2017 for peer-reviewed research articles published from 2013. The search syntax used was: PUFA or PUFAs and cancer. Results: Contradictory results were found, most likely due to the genetic background, the different dietary sources used, the interaction among different nutrients, and the tumor subtypes. However, the more recent findings strongly support the use of n-3 PUFAs in cancer prevention and treatment. On the other hand, n-6 PUFAs are often associated with an increased risk of cancer, even if recently their beneficial effects have also been highlighted. Conclusion: N-3 PUFAs may represent a potential therapeutic agent contributing to treat at least some type of human cancers. However, studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up times are still needed. To increase the knowledge about how food and nutrition can improve human health it is advisable to deliver an open access nutritional database.

scholarly journals Malus domestica: A Review on Nutritional Features, Chemical Composition, Traditional and Medicinal Value

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1408
Author(s):  
Jiri Patocka ◽  
Kanchan Bhardwaj ◽  
Blanka Klimova ◽  
Eugenie Nepovimova ◽  
Qinghua Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Structural Classes

Fruit-derived bioactive substances have been spotlighted as a regulator against various diseases due to their fewer side effects compared to chemical drugs. Among the most frequently consumed fruits, apple is a rich source of nutritional molecules and contains high levels of bioactive compounds. The main structural classes of apple constituents include polyphenols, polysaccharides (pectin), phytosterols, and pentacyclic triterpenes. Also, vitamins and trace elements complete the nutritional features of apple fruit. There is now considerable scientific evidence that these bioactive substances present in apple and peel have the potential to improve human health, for example contributing to preventing cardiovascular disease, diabetes, inflammation, and cancer. This review will focus on the current knowledge of bioactive substances in apple and their medicinal value for human health.

scholarly journals The Biodiversity of Edible Flowers: Discovering New Tastes and New Health Benefits

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Benvenuti ◽  
Marco Mazzoncini
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Pigment Concentration ◽  
Focus Attention ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Floriculture and horticulture have always been two parallel and very distinct agronomic realities. Floriculture is concerned with meeting the ornamental needs of our urban ecosystems, while horticulture is based on meeting food requirements. These two activities have now converged toward a food chain where flowers are conceived of as a sort of “new vegetable” and one of the most promising novelties to satisfy the growing need for food innovation both in terms of an organoleptic and nutraceutical profile. This novelty has rapidly evolved, especially following the growing scientific evidence of the human health benefits of flowers used as food. The typically high pigment concentration of the corollas (especially flavonoids and carotenoids), which have evolved to chromatically attract pollinators, indicates a marked nutraceutical activity especially in terms of antioxidant power. In this review, we first attempted to explore which species are most promising and which should be avoided due to real or suspected toxicity problems. The nutraceutical virtues were therefore highlighted trying to focus attention on those “functional phytochemicals” capable of counteracting some specific human pathologies. Furthermore, the organoleptic profile of edible flowers was investigated since this is one of the least known aspects. The cropping systems suitable for their cultivation were therefore hypothesized and finally the criticalities of edible flowers were addressed in terms of shelf life and marketing opportunities.

scholarly journals Antibacterial, Antiviral, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activities of Postbiotics: A review of Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 2629-2645
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Improve Health

Several scientific evidence has shown the advantageous effects of probiotic-derived metabolites on human health. Postbiotics are a wide range of bioactive compounds derived from probiotics through a fermentation process and/or produced in pure forms in laboratory scales. These compounds have native biological activities that have been extensively studied in recent years. Immunomodulation, antimicrobial, anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and reduction of food allergies compose the most important biological roles of postbiotics. In terms of safety, it has been confirmed that postbiotics, as potential substitute elements, might be superior to their parent live cells. Also, due to their appropriate economic, technological, and clinical features, they could be employed as favorable apparatuses in the food and drug industry to improve health benefits. This review comprehensively discusses the concept of postbiotics and their characteristics, emphasizing their potential antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, and anticancer activities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document