scholarly journals Wind Farm Protection Systems: State of the Art and Challenges

10.5772/8882 ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamer A. ◽  
Naema M. ◽  
Abdel-Maksoud I.
Keyword(s):  
Wind Farm ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Protection Systems

scholarly journals How to improve the state of the art in metocean measurement datasets

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-308
Author(s):  
Erik Quaeghebeur ◽  
Michiel B. Zaaijer
Keyword(s):  
Wind Farm ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farm ◽  
Farm Planning ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Binary Format ◽  
Effective Use

Abstract. We present an analysis of three datasets of 10 min metocean measurement statistics and our resulting recommendations to both producers and users of such datasets. Many of our recommendations are more generally of interest to all numerical measurement data producers. The datasets analyzed originate from offshore meteorological masts installed to support offshore wind farm planning and design: the Dutch OWEZ and MMIJ and the German FINO1. Our analysis shows that such datasets contain issues that users should look out for and whose prevalence can be reduced by producers. We also present expressions to derive uncertainty and bias values for the statistics from information typically available about sample uncertainty. We also observe that the format in which the data are disseminated is sub-optimal from the users' perspective and discuss how producers can create more immediately useful dataset files. Effectively, we advocate using an established binary format (HDF5 or netCDF4) instead of the typical text-based one (comma-separated values), as this allows for the inclusion of relevant metadata and the creation of significantly smaller directly accessible dataset files. Next to informing producers of the advantages of these formats, we also provide concrete pointers to their effective use. Our conclusion is that datasets such as the ones we analyzed can be improved substantially in usefulness and convenience with limited effort.

scholarly journals Aspects Regarding The Development Of Pyrotechnic Obscurant Systems For Visible And Infrared Protection Of Military Vehicles

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-736
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Bogdan Pulpea
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectrum ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Weapon Systems ◽  
Military Vehicles ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Combat

Abstract During the last decades, the military combat vehicles and trucks were equipped with various weapon systems and laser rangefinders, optical devices and sighting equipment. The military vehicles were thus upgraded, so they become a more attractive target for enemy fire. Since ballistic armour cannot and will never completely protect vehicles against kinetic or explosive ammunitions, various pyrotechnic countermeasure systems such as smoke screening, were designed and implemented. Generating smoke screens or flares in the desired area (around the combat armoured vehicles) is a concern of many manufacturers of pyrotechnic protection systems, aiming to protect against detection in the visual (VIS) and infrared (IR) spectrum. The goal of this article is to present a brief state-of-the-art regarding the development of pyrotechnic smoke camouflage systems and flares used to ensure countermeasures in the visible and infrared electromagnetic spectrum. Types of pyrotechnic systems and structures for the protection of military vehicles will be described briefly.

scholarly journals A Review on State-of-the-Art Reviews in Wind-Turbine- and Wind-Farm-Related Topics

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2041
Author(s):  
Manisha Sawant ◽  
Sameer Thakare ◽  
A. Prabhakara Rao ◽  
Andrés E. Feijóo-Lorenzo ◽  
Neeraj Dhanraj Bokde
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Logical Consequence ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Energy Research ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Activity State

For decades of wind energy technology developments, much research on the subject has been carried out, and this has given rise to many works encompassing different topics related to it. As a logical consequence of such a research and editorial activity, state-of-the-art review works have also been published, reporting about a wide variety of research proposals. Review works are particularly interesting documents for researchers because they try to gather different research works on the same topic present their achievements to researchers. They act, in a way, as a guidance for researchers to quickly access the most meaningful works. The proposal of this paper consists of going one step further, and to present a review of state-of-the-art review works on wind-energy-related issues. A classification into several main topics in the field of energy research has been done, and review works that can be classified in all these areas have been searched, analyzed, and commented on throughout the paper.

Nonuniform wind farm layout optimization: A state-of-the-art review

Energy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 118339
Author(s):  
Siyu Tao ◽  
Qingshan Xu ◽  
Andrés Feijóo ◽  
Gang Zheng ◽  
Jiemin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Wind Farm ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Layout Optimization ◽  
Wind Farm Layout ◽  
Wind Farm Layout Optimization

scholarly journals Decision Support Models for Operations and Maintenance for Offshore Wind Farms: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Seyr ◽  
Michael Muskulus
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Operations And Maintenance ◽  
Decision Support Models

This paper reviews the state of the art in offshore wind farm operations and maintenance with a focus on decision support models for the scheduling of maintenance. Factors influential to maintenance planning are collected from the literature and their inclusion in state-of-the-art models is discussed. Methods for modeling and optimization are presented. The methods currently used and possible alternatives are discussed. The existing models are already able to aid the decision-making process. They can be improved by applying more advanced mathematical methods, including uncertainties in the input, regarding more of the influential factors, and by collecting, analyzing, and subsequently using more accurate data.

Practical Picture Processing

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
T. A. Welton
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Coherence Length ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Coherent Radiation ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Spread ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Picture Processing ◽  
Molecular Skeleton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.

A Macintosh Interface for the Cameca Camebax-Micro Electron Microprobe

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 438-439
Author(s):  
Carl E. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Disk Storage ◽  
The Past ◽  
User Facility ◽  
Instrument Control

Over the past few years it has become apparent in our multi-user facility that the computer system and software supplied in 1985 with our CAMECA CAMEBAX-MICRO electron microprobe analyzer has the greatest potential for improvement and updating of any component of the instrument. While the standard CAMECA software running on a DEC PDP-11/23+ computer under the RSX-11M operating system can perform almost any task required of the instrument, the commands are not always intuitive and can be difficult to remember for the casual user (of which our laboratory has many). Given the widespread and growing use of other microcomputers (such as PC’s and Macintoshes) by users of the microprobe, the PDP has become the “oddball” and has also fallen behind the state-of-the-art in terms of processing speed and disk storage capabilities. Upgrade paths within products available from DEC are considered to be too expensive for the benefits received. After using a Macintosh for other tasks in the laboratory, such as instrument use and billing records, word processing, and graphics display, its unique and “friendly” user interface suggested an easier-to-use system for computer control of the electron microprobe automation. Specifically a Macintosh IIx was chosen for its capacity for third-party add-on cards used in instrument control.

Current Issues: Advanced Digital Technology for Supervising Graduate Clinicians

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Tellis ◽  
Lori Cimino ◽  
Jennifer Alberti
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Slow Motion ◽  
Video Capture ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Clinical Supervisors ◽  
Training And Supervision

Abstract The purpose of this article is to provide clinical supervisors with information pertaining to state-of-the-art clinic observation technology. We use a novel video-capture technology, the Landro Play Analyzer, to supervise clinical sessions as well as to train students to improve their clinical skills. We can observe four clinical sessions simultaneously from a central observation center. In addition, speech samples can be analyzed in real-time; saved on a CD, DVD, or flash/jump drive; viewed in slow motion; paused; and analyzed with Microsoft Excel. Procedures for applying the technology for clinical training and supervision will be discussed.

Behavioral Genetics: Concepts for Research and Practice in Language Development and Disorders

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1126-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey W. Gilger
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Behavioral Genetics ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Behavioral Genetic ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Future Goals ◽  
Current State ◽  
Research Designs

This paper is an introduction to behavioral genetics for researchers and practioners in language development and disorders. The specific aims are to illustrate some essential concepts and to show how behavioral genetic research can be applied to the language sciences. Past genetic research on language-related traits has tended to focus on simple etiology (i.e., the heritability or familiality of language skills). The current state of the art, however, suggests that great promise lies in addressing more complex questions through behavioral genetic paradigms. In terms of future goals it is suggested that: (a) more behavioral genetic work of all types should be done—including replications and expansions of preliminary studies already in print; (b) work should focus on fine-grained, theory-based phenotypes with research designs that can address complex questions in language development; and (c) work in this area should utilize a variety of samples and methods (e.g., twin and family samples, heritability and segregation analyses, linkage and association tests, etc.).

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