scholarly journals Past, Present and Potential Future Prion Disease Treatment Strategies

10.5772/67172 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela J. Skinner ◽  
Davis M. Seelig
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Leandro C. D. Breda ◽  
Isabela G. Menezes ◽  
Larissa N. M. Paulo ◽  
Sandro Rogério de Almeida

Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a neglected, chronic, and progressive subcutaneous mycosis caused by different species of fungi from the Herpotrichiellaceae family. CBM disease is usually associated with agricultural activities, and its infection is characterized by verrucous, erythematous papules, and atrophic lesions on the upper and lower limbs, leading to social stigma and impacts on patients’ welfare. The economic aspect of disease treatment is another relevant issue. There is no specific treatment for CBM, and different anti-fungal drug associations are used to treat the patients. However, the long period of the disease and the high cost of the treatment lead to treatment interruption and, consequently, relapse of the disease. In previous years, great progress had been made in the comprehension of the CBM pathophysiology. In this review, we discuss the differences in the cell wall composition of conidia, hyphae, and muriform cells, with a particular focus on the activation of the host immune response. We also highlight the importance of studies about the host skin immunology in CBM. Finally, we explore different immunotherapeutic studies, highlighting the importance of these approaches for future treatment strategies for CBM.


Author(s):  
R. Mark Beattie ◽  
Anil Dhawan ◽  
John W.L. Puntis

Introduction 256Classification 257Personality type and family factors 259Common stresses in children with recurrent abdominal pain 259Therapeutic options 260Outcome 261Recommended clinical approach 261• Recurrent abdominal pain is common in school-aged children and is a frequent presenting complaint in general practice and general paediatric and paediatric gastroenterology clinics. Patients often have vague symptomatology and investigation usually results in a low yield of organic disease. Treatment strategies are varied and often subjective with very little evidence upon which to base them....


Author(s):  
Mark Tighe ◽  
Mark Beattie

Recurrent abdominal pain occurs in 10–15% of school-aged children and is a frequent presenting complaint in general practice and general paediatric and paediatric gastroenterology clinics. Patients often have vague symptoms and investigation usually results in a low yield of organic disease. Treatment strategies are varied and often subjective with limited evidence upon which to base them. This chapter includes a general overview, classification, discussion of the complex and multifactorial aetiology, therapeutic approach, and outcome. It discusses a recommended clinical approach for the management of complex cases.


2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia L. Fernández ◽  
Gabrielle B. Britton ◽  
K.S. Rao

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