Breast Cancer: From Transcriptional Control to Clinical Outcome

Background: Metaplastic breast cancer (MC) is a rare disease, thus it is difficult to study its clinical outcomes. Objective: To investigate whether any clinicopathological or imaging features were associated with clinical outcome in MC. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological and imaging findings, and the clinical outcomes of seventy-two pathologically confirmed MCs. We then compared these parameters between triple-negative (TNMC) and non-TNMCs (NTNMC). Results: Oval or round shape, and not-circumscribed margin were the most common findings on mammography, ultrasound (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It was mostly a mass without calcification on mammography, and revealed complex or hypoechoic echotexture, and posterior acoustic enhancement on US, and rim enhancement, wash-out kinetics, peritumoral edema, and intratumoral necrosis on MRI. Of all 72, 64 were TNMCs, and eight were NTNMCs. Clinicopathological and imaging findings were similar between the two groups, except that MRI showed peritumoral edema more frequently in TNMCs than NTNMCs (p=0.045). There were 21 recurrences and 13 deaths. Multivariable analysis showed that larger tumor size and co-existing DCIS were significantly predictive of Disease free survival (DFS), and larger tumor size and neoadjuvant chemotherapy were significantly predictive of overall survival (OS). Conclusion: MC showed characteristic imaging findings, and some variables associated with survival outcome may help to predict prognosis.

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Transcriptional control of thymidine kinase gene expression by estrogen and antiestrogens in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0021-9258(19)57251-9 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 261 (12) ◽

pp. 5562-5567

Author(s):

A Kasid ◽

N E Davidson ◽

E P Gelmann ◽

M E Lippman

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Gene Expression ◽

Human Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Transcriptional Control ◽

Thymidine Kinase Gene ◽

Human Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Human Breast ◽

Kinase Gene ◽

Mcf 7

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Clinical CYP2D6 Genotyping to Personalize Adjuvant Tamoxifen Treatment in ER-Positive Breast Cancer Patients: Current Status of a Controversy

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13040771 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 771

Author(s):

Tessa A. M. Mulder ◽

Mirjam de With ◽

Marzia del Re ◽

Romano Danesi ◽

Ron H. J. Mathijssen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Tamoxifen Treatment ◽

Current Status ◽

Endocrine Treatment ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Er Positive ◽

Positive Breast Cancer

Tamoxifen is a major option for adjuvant endocrine treatment in estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer patients. The conversion of the prodrug tamoxifen into the most active metabolite endoxifen is mainly catalyzed by the enzyme cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6). Genetic variation in the CYP2D6 gene leads to altered enzyme activity, which influences endoxifen formation and thereby potentially therapy outcome. The association between genetically compromised CYP2D6 activity and low endoxifen plasma concentrations is generally accepted, and it was shown that tamoxifen dose increments in compromised patients resulted in higher endoxifen concentrations. However, the correlation between CYP2D6 genotype and clinical outcome is still under debate. This has led to genotype-based tamoxifen dosing recommendations by the Clinical Pharmacogenetic Implementation Consortium (CPIC) in 2018, whereas in 2019, the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) discouraged the use of CYP2D6 genotyping in clinical practice for tamoxifen therapy. This paper describes the latest developments on CYP2D6 genotyping in relation to endoxifen plasma concentrations and tamoxifen-related clinical outcome. Therefore, we focused on Pharmacogenetic publications from 2018 (CPIC publication) to 2021 in order to shed a light on the current status of this debate.

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Inflammatory TNBC Breast Cancer: Demography and Clinical Outcome in a Large Cohort of Patients With TNBC

Clinical Breast Cancer ◽

10.1016/j.clbc.2016.02.004 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 212-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Tithi Biswas ◽

Jimmy T. Efird ◽

Shreya Prasad ◽

Sarah E. James ◽

Paul R. Walker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Large Cohort

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