scholarly journals Membrane Separation Technology in Carbon Capture

10.5772/65723 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guozhao Ji ◽  
Ming Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Separation Technology

scholarly journals Technology of CO2 capture and storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 01046
Author(s):  
Yudong Liu ◽  
Guizhou Ren ◽  
Honghong Shen ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Fangqin Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Geological Storage ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Chemical Absorption ◽  
Separation Technology ◽  
And Storage

This paper studies carbon capture and storage based on carbon emission. There are three main technical routes for CO2 emission reduction: pre-combustion capture, oxygen-rich combustion, and post-combustion capture; CO2 separation technology mainly includes: chemical absorption method, solid adsorption method, membrane separation method. CO2 capture needs to be transported to a special place for storage, which can be generally divided into geological storage, marine storage and chemical storage. Future carbon capture research will focus on cost savings and energy savings.

Separation of Biologically Active Compounds by Membrane Operations

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Zhu ◽  
Renbi Bai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Membrane Processes ◽  
Separation Technology ◽  
Pressure Driven

Background: Bioactive compounds from various natural sources have been attracting more and more attention, owing to their broad diversity of functionalities and availabilities. However, many of the bioactive compounds often exist at an extremely low concentration in a mixture so that massive harvesting is needed to obtain sufficient amounts for their practical usage. Thus, effective fractionation or separation technologies are essential for the screening and production of the bioactive compound products. The applicatons of conventional processes such as extraction, distillation and lyophilisation, etc. may be tedious, have high energy consumption or cause denature or degradation of the bioactive compounds. Membrane separation processes operate at ambient temperature, without the need for heating and therefore with less energy consumption. The “cold” separation technology also prevents the possible degradation of the bioactive compounds. The separation process is mainly physical and both fractions (permeate and retentate) of the membrane processes may be recovered. Thus, using membrane separation technology is a promising approach to concentrate and separate bioactive compounds. Methods: A comprehensive survey of membrane operations used for the separation of bioactive compounds is conducted. The available and established membrane separation processes are introduced and reviewed. Results: The most frequently used membrane processes are the pressure driven ones, including microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF). They are applied either individually as a single sieve or in combination as an integrated membrane array to meet the different requirements in the separation of bioactive compounds. Other new membrane processes with multiple functions have also been developed and employed for the separation or fractionation of bioactive compounds. The hybrid electrodialysis (ED)-UF membrane process, for example has been used to provide a solution for the separation of biomolecules with similar molecular weights but different surface electrical properties. In contrast, the affinity membrane technology is shown to have the advantages of increasing the separation efficiency at low operational pressures through selectively adsorbing bioactive compounds during the filtration process. Conclusion: Individual membranes or membrane arrays are effectively used to separate bioactive compounds or achieve multiple fractionation of them with different molecule weights or sizes. Pressure driven membrane processes are highly efficient and widely used. Membrane fouling, especially irreversible organic and biological fouling, is the inevitable problem. Multifunctional membranes and affinity membranes provide the possibility of effectively separating bioactive compounds that are similar in sizes but different in other physical and chemical properties. Surface modification methods are of great potential to increase membrane separation efficiency as well as reduce the problem of membrane fouling. Developing membranes and optimizing the operational parameters specifically for the applications of separation of various bioactive compounds should be taken as an important part of ongoing or future membrane research in this field.

Chapter 7 Forward Osmosis Membrane Separation Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 267-324
Author(s):  
Lin Wang ◽  
Wanzhu Zhang ◽  
Bingzhi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Separation Technology

Glycerol removal from biodiesel using membrane separation technology

Fuel ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 2260-2266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jehad Saleh ◽  
André Y. Tremblay ◽  
Marc A. Dubé
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Separation Technology

A more Sustainable Polyurethane Membrane for Gas Separation at Room Temperature and Low Pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 965 ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Gabriela H.G. Santos ◽  
Maíra A. Rodrigues ◽  
Helen Conceição Ferraz ◽  
Luiza Cristina Moura ◽  
Jussara Lopes de Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Polymer Membranes ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Gas Separations ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Separation Technology ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Polyurethane Membrane

Membrane separation technology has been recently attracted more attention as an option for gas separations due to its compact system, ease of operation and low power consumption. In this study, polymer membranes with different percentages of polyurethane were synthesized and submitted to permeability and selectivity tests for the following gases, CO2, N2, O2 and CH4, at two pressures of 4 and 8 bar and at room temperature. The membranes were characterized by FTIR-ATR, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). At low pressure of 4 bar and room temperature, the membrane with low percentage of PU, 10 %, presented the higher selectivity to CO2 in relation to both N2 and CH4. The same behavior was observed at a high pressure of 8 bar, with higher selectivity to CO2 in relation to all studied gases, N2, O2 and CH4, compared to the already analogous reported membranes submitted at greater pressures.

scholarly journals Investigation of the antioxidant capacity of the components of Astragalus after membrane separation

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 04061
Author(s):  
Yandong Wang ◽  
Yafei Guo ◽  
Yingli Wang ◽  
Zemin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Astragaloside Iv ◽  
Separation Technology ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Hydroxyl Free Radicals

Astragalus is commonly used in health supplements, and its flavonoids and saponins are the important material basis for immune system enhancement. The study on the effective component contents and antioxidant capacities of astragalus extract after membrane separation lays the foundation of the application of membrane separation technology in health supplement development. The astragalus extract was filtered by suction and passed through membranes of 10000 Da, 2500 Da, and 600 Da to obtain retentate 1 (M1), retentate 2 (M2), retentate 3 (M3) and permeate MT. UV/vis spectrophotometer was used to compare the contents of total flavonoids and total saponins before and after each step of membrane separation. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze the contents of Verbasil Glucoside and Astragaloside IV of all membrane separation samples, and the antioxidant activities were determined. The contents of flavonoids in membrane separation samples were significantly different. In the freeze-dried powders obtained from the membrane separation, the contents of total flavonoids and Verbasil Glucoside were the lowest in MT, M1 was the highest, and M3 was the second highest. The order of contents of total saponins and Astragaloside IV of the freeze-dried powders from membrane separation was as follows: M3 > M1 > M2 > MT. Among them, the content of total saponins in the freeze-dried powder of M3 was the highest, which reached 2.67 times of that of the astragalus extract. The order of the scavenging activities of membrane separation samples for DPPH free radical was: MT > M3 > M2 > M1 > astragalus extract. The strongest scavenging activity of hydroxyl free radicals was found in M3, and the scavenging rates of hydroxyl free radicals in all samples were higher than those of VC. The total antioxidant capacity of FRAP showed a certain dose-effect relationship. At the same concentration, the FRAP values of M1 and MT were higher than other samples. Membrane separation technology can be used to separate and purify the effective components from astragalus extract. M3 has the highest contents of the total flavonoids and total saponins, and its antioxidant capacity is better than that of astragalus extract and other samples obtained by membrane separation.

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