Electrical Devices (Resynchronization and Defibrillators) in the Treatment of Cardiomyopathies: Indications, Present and Future of these Therapies

Profession-oriented formation of models of electrical devices of industrial equipment

Problems of engineer-pedagogical education ◽

10.32820/2074-8922-2018-27-35 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 27-35

Author(s):

N. Lazarev ◽

◽

A. Mosienko ◽

A. Tarasenko ◽

Keyword(s):

Industrial Equipment ◽

Electrical Devices

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Testing mechanical chest compression devices of different design for their suitability for prehospital patient transport - a simulator-based study

BMC Emergency Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12873-021-00409-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maximilian Jörgens ◽

Jürgen Königer ◽

Karl-Georg Kanz ◽

Torsten Birkholz ◽

Heiko Hübner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chest Compression ◽

User Satisfaction ◽

Scale Up ◽

Physical Effort ◽

Patient Transport ◽

Construction Design ◽

Device Stability ◽

Mechanical Chest Compression ◽

Electrical Devices ◽

Hospital Transport

Abstract Background Mechanical chest compression (mCPR) offers advantages during transport under cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Little is known how devices of different design perform en-route. Aim of the study was to measure performance of mCPR devices of different construction-design during ground-based pre-hospital transport. Methods We tested animax mono (AM), autopulse (AP), corpuls cpr (CC) and LUCAS2 (L2). The route had 6 stages (transport on soft stretcher or gurney involving a stairwell, trips with turntable ladder, rescue basket and ambulance including loading/unloading). Stationary mCPR with the respective device served as control. A four-person team carried an intubated and bag-ventilated mannequin under mCPR to assess device-stability (displacement, pressure point correctness), compliance with 2015 ERC guideline criteria for high-quality chest compressions (frequency, proportion of recommended pressure depth and compression-ventilation ratio) and user satisfaction (by standardized questionnaire). Results All devices performed comparable to stationary use. Displacement rates ranged from 83% (AM) to 11% (L2). Two incorrect pressure points occurred over 15,962 compressions (0.013%). Guideline-compliant pressure depth was > 90% in all devices. Electrically powered devices showed constant frequencies while muscle-powered AM showed more variability (median 100/min, interquartile range 9). Although physical effort of AM use was comparable (median 4.0 vs. 4.5 on visual scale up to 10), participants preferred electrical devices. Conclusion All devices showed good to very good performance although device-stability, guideline compliance and user satisfaction varied by design. Our results underline the importance to check stability and connection to patient under transport.

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Low-Frequency Signal Sampling Method Implemented in a PLC Controller Dedicated to Applications in the Monitoring of Selected Electrical Devices

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10040442 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 442

Author(s):

Marcin Jaraczewski ◽

Ryszard Mielnik ◽

Tomasz Gębarowski ◽

Maciej Sułowicz

Keyword(s):

Power System ◽

Reactive Power ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Sampling Frequency ◽

Electrical Signal ◽

Distortion Factor ◽

Electrical Devices ◽

Frequency Sampling ◽

Sampled Signal ◽

Band Limited

High requirements for power systems, and hence for electrical devices used in industrial processes, make it necessary to ensure adequate power quality. The main parameters of the power system include the rms-values of the current, voltage, and active and reactive power consumed by the loads. In previous articles, the authors investigated the use of low-frequency sampling to measure these parameters of the power system, showing that the method can be easily implemented in simple microcontrollers and PLCs. This article discusses the methods of measuring electrical quantities by devices with low computational efficiency and low sampling frequency up to 1 kHz. It is not obvious that the signal of 50–500 Hz can be processed using the sampling frequency of fs = 47.619 Hz because it defies the Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem. This theorem states that a reconstruction of a sampled signal is only guaranteed possible for a bandlimit fmax < fs, where fmax is the maximum frequency of a sampled signal. Therefore, theoretically, neither 50 nor 500 Hz can be identified by such a low-frequency sampling. Although, it turns out that if we have a longer period of a stable multi-harmonic signal, which is band-limited (from the bottom and top), it allows us to map this band to the lower frequencies, thus it is possible to use the lower sampling ratio and still get enough precise information of its harmonics and rms value. The use of aliasing for measurement purposes is not often used because it is considered a harmful phenomenon. In our work, it has been used for measurement purposes with good results. The main advantage of this new method is that it achieves a balance between PLC processing power (which is moderate or low) and accuracy in calculating the most important electrical signal indicators such as power, RMS value and sinusoidal-signal distortion factor (e.g., THD). It can be achieved despite an aliasing effect that causes different frequencies to become indistinguishable. The result of the research is a proposal of error reduction in the low-frequency measurement method implemented on compact PLCs. Laboratory tests carried out on a Mitsubishi FX5 compact PLC controller confirmed the correctness of the proposed method of reducing the measurement error.

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Method of Estimating Uncertainty as a Way to Evaluate Continuity Quality of Power Supply in Hospital Devices

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14020486 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 486

Author(s):

Marek Stawowy ◽

Adam Rosiński ◽

Jacek Paś ◽

Tomasz Klimczak

Keyword(s):

Power Systems ◽

Power Supply ◽

Uncertainty Modeling ◽

Supply System ◽

Additional Advantage ◽

Quality Models ◽

Reliability Indicators ◽

Electrical Devices

The article presents issues related to the determination of the continuity quality of power supply (CQoPS) for hospital electrical devices. The model describing CQoPS takes into account power redundancy. The uncertainty modeling method based on the certainty factor (CF) of the hypothesis was used to establish the single-valued CQoPS factor. CQoPS modeling takes into account multidimensional quality models and physical stages of power. The quality models take into account seven dimensions that make up CQoPS (availability, appropriate amount, power supply reliability, power quality, assurance, responsiveness, security). The model of power stages includes five of these stages (power generation, delivery to recipient, distribution by recipient, delivery to device, power-consuming device). To date, when designing hospital power systems, the applied reliability indicators revealed limitations because they do not consider all the possible factors influencing the power continuity. Estimating the supply continuity quality with the use of the uncertainty modeling proposed in this article allows for taking into account all possible factors (not just reliability factors) that may affect supply continuity. The presented modeling offers an additional advantage, namely, it allows an expanded evaluation of the hospital supply system and a description using only one indicator. This fact renders the evaluation of the supply system possible for unqualified staff. At the end of the article, some examples of calculations and simulations are presented, thus showing that the applied methods give the expected results.

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Effect of Lightning Surge in AC Power and Telecommunication Lines for Electrical Devices

2020 13th International UNIMAS Engineering Conference (EnCon) ◽

10.1109/encon51501.2020.9299332 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yanuar Z. Arief ◽

Abu Arif Jalaluddin ◽

Mohd Hafiez Izzwan Saad ◽

Lakshmanan Gurusamy ◽

Hamzah Eteruddin

Keyword(s):

Ac Power ◽

Electrical Devices

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Bioinspired strengthening and toughening carbon nanotube@polyaniline/graphene film using electroactive biomass as glue for high rate, volumetric capacitance and low-temperature tolerance flexible supercapacitor

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/d1ta05729d ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dan Wu ◽

Chuying Yu ◽

Wenbin Zhong

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotube ◽

High Performance ◽

Graphene Film ◽

Temperature Tolerance ◽

High Rate ◽

Flexible Supercapacitor ◽

Low Temperature Tolerance ◽

Electrical Devices ◽

Brick And Mortar ◽

Volumetric Capacitance

Natural nacre built up with brick-and-mortar architecture, exhibiting extraordinary strength and toughness, provides an inspiration to construct high-performance multifunctional film for flexible energy storage and portable electrical devices. In the...

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