scholarly journals Activity Tracking and Improved Health Outcomes

10.5772/65240 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel V. Gaz ◽  
Thomas M. Rieck ◽  
Nolan W. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Activity Tracking

scholarly journals The Association Between Medication Adherence for Chronic Conditions and Digital Health Activity Tracking: Retrospective Analysis

10.2196/11486 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. e11486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Quisel ◽  
Luca Foschini ◽  
Susan M Zbikowski ◽  
Jessie L Juusola
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Activity Tracking ◽  
Pharmacy Claims ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age And Sex

Background Chronic diseases have a widespread impact on health outcomes and costs in the United States. Heart disease and diabetes are among the biggest cost burdens on the health care system. Adherence to medication is associated with better health outcomes and lower total health care costs for individuals with these conditions, but the relationship between medication adherence and health activity behavior has not been explored extensively. Objective The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between medication adherence and health behaviors among a large population of insured individuals with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of health status, behaviors, and medication adherence from medical and pharmacy claims and health behavior data. Adherence was measured in terms of proportion of days covered (PDC), calculated from pharmacy claims using both a fixed and variable denominator methodology. Individuals were considered adherent if their PDC was at least 0.80. We used step counts, sleep, weight, and food log data that were transmitted through devices that individuals linked. We computed metrics on the frequency of tracking and the extent to which individuals engaged in each tracking activity. Finally, we used logistic regression to model the relationship between adherent status and the activity-tracking metrics, including age and sex as fixed effects. Results We identified 117,765 cases with diabetes, 317,340 with dyslipidemia, and 673,428 with hypertension between January 1, 2015 and June 1, 2016 in available data sources. Average fixed and variable PDC for all individuals ranged from 0.673 to 0.917 for diabetes, 0.756 to 0.921 for dyslipidemia, and 0.756 to 0.929 for hypertension. A subgroup of 8553 cases also had health behavior data (eg, activity-tracker data). On the basis of these data, individuals who tracked steps, sleep, weight, or diet were significantly more likely to be adherent to medication than those who did not track any activities in both the fixed methodology (odds ratio, OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.29-1.36) and variable methodology (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.32-1.43), with age and sex as fixed effects. Furthermore, there was a positive association between frequency of activity tracking and medication adherence. In the logistic regression model, increasing the adjusted tracking ratio by 0.5 increased the fixed adherent status OR by a factor of 1.11 (95% CI 1.06-1.16). Finally, we found a positive association between number of steps and adherent status when controlling for age and sex. Conclusions Adopters of digital health activity trackers tend to be more adherent to hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia medications, and adherence increases with tracking frequency. This suggests that there may be value in examining new ways to further promote medication adherence through programs that incentivize health tracking and leveraging insights derived from connected devices to improve health outcomes.

Impact of a workplace physical activity tracking program on biometric health outcomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiani Yu ◽  
Jean M. Abraham ◽  
Bryan Dowd ◽  
Lucas F. Higuera ◽  
John A. Nyman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Activity Tracking

scholarly journals The Association Between Medication Adherence for Chronic Conditions and Digital Health Activity Tracking: Retrospective Analysis (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Quisel ◽  
Luca Foschini ◽  
Susan M Zbikowski ◽  
Jessie L Juusola
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Activity Tracking ◽  
Pharmacy Claims ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age And Sex

BACKGROUND Chronic diseases have a widespread impact on health outcomes and costs in the United States. Heart disease and diabetes are among the biggest cost burdens on the health care system. Adherence to medication is associated with better health outcomes and lower total health care costs for individuals with these conditions, but the relationship between medication adherence and health activity behavior has not been explored extensively. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between medication adherence and health behaviors among a large population of insured individuals with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of health status, behaviors, and medication adherence from medical and pharmacy claims and health behavior data. Adherence was measured in terms of proportion of days covered (PDC), calculated from pharmacy claims using both a fixed and variable denominator methodology. Individuals were considered adherent if their PDC was at least 0.80. We used step counts, sleep, weight, and food log data that were transmitted through devices that individuals linked. We computed metrics on the frequency of tracking and the extent to which individuals engaged in each tracking activity. Finally, we used logistic regression to model the relationship between adherent status and the activity-tracking metrics, including age and sex as fixed effects. RESULTS We identified 117,765 cases with diabetes, 317,340 with dyslipidemia, and 673,428 with hypertension between January 1, 2015 and June 1, 2016 in available data sources. Average fixed and variable PDC for all individuals ranged from 0.673 to 0.917 for diabetes, 0.756 to 0.921 for dyslipidemia, and 0.756 to 0.929 for hypertension. A subgroup of 8553 cases also had health behavior data (eg, activity-tracker data). On the basis of these data, individuals who tracked steps, sleep, weight, or diet were significantly more likely to be adherent to medication than those who did not track any activities in both the fixed methodology (odds ratio, OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.29-1.36) and variable methodology (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.32-1.43), with age and sex as fixed effects. Furthermore, there was a positive association between frequency of activity tracking and medication adherence. In the logistic regression model, increasing the adjusted tracking ratio by 0.5 increased the fixed adherent status OR by a factor of 1.11 (95% CI 1.06-1.16). Finally, we found a positive association between number of steps and adherent status when controlling for age and sex. CONCLUSIONS Adopters of digital health activity trackers tend to be more adherent to hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia medications, and adherence increases with tracking frequency. This suggests that there may be value in examining new ways to further promote medication adherence through programs that incentivize health tracking and leveraging insights derived from connected devices to improve health outcomes.

scholarly journals You want a hot body? You want a Bugatti? You better work(out): FitBit, neoliberalism, and the thin ideal

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Zisser
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Thin Body ◽  
Activity Tracking ◽  
Moral Failure ◽  
Green Led ◽  
User Data ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Led Lights

The Fitbit manifests an ideology of healthism that prioritizes the pursuit of physical health above all else. The device’s design, use, and underlying epistemic frameworks transform exercise into data, labour, and knowledge, respectively. Using an accelerometer and green LED lights, the Fitbit translates the movements of human bodies into data. ‘Exercise’ is thus limited to what can be mechanically registered and algorithmically sorted into a pre-set category. This freely generated user data is aggregated into profitable datasets that Fitbit can sell to advertisers. Fitbit’s partnerships with insurers or employers further exploit workers by penalizing non-participants and users who generate undesirable data. Finally, the practice of activity tracking frames exercise as a health intervention and restricts the possibility of being absent from one’s body. Furthermore, Fitbit understands fitness through the lens of weight management, where the fit body is a conspicuously self-disciplined (read: thin) body. By framing fitness as a choice, individuals are held personally responsible for health outcomes, and being ‘unfit’ reflects a physical and moral failure. The insights produced by Fitbit thus restrain and shape users’ self-knowledge, perpetuating a cultural norm that understands ‘fit’ bodies as healthy, productive, and morally good.

Chronic Pain: Fundamental Scientific Considerations, Specifically for Legal Claims

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Barth
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Problematic Relationship

Abstract Scientific findings have indicated that psychological and social factors are the driving forces behind most chronic benign pain presentations, especially in a claim context, and are relevant to at least three of the AMA Guides publications: AMA Guides to Evaluation of Disease and Injury Causation, AMA Guides to Work Ability and Return to Work, and AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment. The author reviews and summarizes studies that have identified the dominant role of financial, psychological, and other non–general medicine factors in patients who report low back pain. For example, one meta-analysis found that compensation results in an increase in pain perception and a reduction in the ability to benefit from medical and psychological treatment. Other studies have found a correlation between the level of compensation and health outcomes (greater compensation is associated with worse outcomes), and legal systems that discourage compensation for pain produce better health outcomes. One study found that, among persons with carpal tunnel syndrome, claimants had worse outcomes than nonclaimants despite receiving more treatment; another examined the problematic relationship between complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and compensation and found that cases of CRPS are dominated by legal claims, a disparity that highlights the dominant role of compensation. Workers’ compensation claimants are almost never evaluated for personality disorders or mental illness. The article concludes with recommendations that evaluators can consider in individual cases.

Abstract #282 Diabetes Care, Economics and Health Outcomes: Experiences from the 3 Decade Free Diabetes Clinic for the Poor

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 113-114
Author(s):  
Nidhi Garg ◽  
Muralidhara Krishna ◽  
Madhumati S. Vaishnav ◽  
Vasanthi Nath ◽  
S. Chandraprabha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Diabetes Clinic ◽  
The Poor

Mental Health Among Adolescents from Returned Portuguese Immigrant Families

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Neto
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Immigrant Families ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Older Adolescents ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Portuguese Adolescents

This study investigated mental health problems and their predictors among adolescents from returned immigrant families. The sample consisted of 360 returned adolescents (mean age = 16.8 years; SD = 1.9). The mean duration of a sojourn in Portugal for the sample was 8.2 years (SD = 4.5). A control group of 217 Portuguese youths were also included in the study. Adolescents from immigrant families reported mental health levels similar to those of Portuguese adolescents who have never migrated. Girls showed more mental health problems than boys. Younger adolescents showed fewer mental health problems than older adolescents. Adaptation variables contributed to mental health outcomes even after acculturation variables were accounted for. Implications of the study for counselors are discussed.

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