scholarly journals Advances in Low Volume Sample Analysis Using Microfluidic Separation Techniques

10.5772/64952 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginie Houbart ◽  
Marianne Fillet
Keyword(s):  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Separation Techniques ◽  
Microfluidic Separation ◽  
Low Volume

scholarly journals Progress of Microfluidic Continuous Separation Techniques for Micro-/Nanoscale Bioparticles

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Se-woon Choe ◽  
Bumjoo Kim ◽  
Minseok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Separation Techniques ◽  
Microfluidic Separation ◽  
Biochemical Sensing ◽  
Rapid Processing ◽  
Physical Principles

Separation of micro- and nano-sized biological particles, such as cells, proteins, and nucleotides, is at the heart of most biochemical sensing/analysis, including in vitro biosensing, diagnostics, drug development, proteomics, and genomics. However, most of the conventional particle separation techniques are based on membrane filtration techniques, whose efficiency is limited by membrane characteristics, such as pore size, porosity, surface charge density, or biocompatibility, which results in a reduction in the separation efficiency of bioparticles of various sizes and types. In addition, since other conventional separation methods, such as centrifugation, chromatography, and precipitation, are difficult to perform in a continuous manner, requiring multiple preparation steps with a relatively large minimum sample volume is necessary for stable bioprocessing. Recently, microfluidic engineering enables more efficient separation in a continuous flow with rapid processing of small volumes of rare biological samples, such as DNA, proteins, viruses, exosomes, and even cells. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the recent advances in microfluidic separation of micro-/nano-sized bioparticles by summarizing the physical principles behind the separation system and practical examples of biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Acoustic Microfluidic Separation Techniques and Bioapplications: A Review

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 921
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Mengren Wu ◽  
Yang Lin ◽  
Jie Xu
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bulk Acoustic Wave ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Separation Techniques ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Microfluidic Separation ◽  
Acoustic Separation ◽  
Primary Focus

Microfluidic separation technology has garnered significant attention over the past decade where particles are being separated at a micro/nanoscale in a rapid, low-cost, and simple manner. Amongst a myriad of separation technologies that have emerged thus far, acoustic microfluidic separation techniques are extremely apt to applications involving biological samples attributed to various advantages, including high controllability, biocompatibility, and non-invasive, label-free features. With that being said, downsides such as low throughput and dependence on external equipment still impede successful commercialization from laboratory-based prototypes. Here, we present a comprehensive review of recent advances in acoustic microfluidic separation techniques, along with exemplary applications. Specifically, an inclusive overview of fundamental theory and background is presented, then two sets of mechanisms underlying acoustic separation, bulk acoustic wave and surface acoustic wave, are introduced and discussed. Upon these summaries, we present a variety of applications based on acoustic separation. The primary focus is given to those associated with biological samples such as blood cells, cancer cells, proteins, bacteria, viruses, and DNA/RNA. Finally, we highlight the benefits and challenges behind burgeoning developments in the field and discuss the future perspectives and an outlook towards robust, integrated, and commercialized devices based on acoustic microfluidic separation.

scholarly journals Prothrombin Time, Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, and Fibrinogen Reference Intervals for Inbred Strain 13/N Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) and Validation of Low Volume Sample Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1127
Author(s):  
Jillian A. Condrey ◽  
Timothy Flietstra ◽  
Kaitlyn M. Nestor ◽  
Elizabeth L. Schlosser ◽  
JoAnn D. Coleman-McCray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Inbred Strain ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Low Volume

Inbred strain 13/N guinea pigs are used as small animal models for the study of hemorrhagic fever viruses. Coagulation abnormalities, including prolonged clotting times and bleeding, are characteristic of hemorrhagic fever in humans; patients often meet criteria for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Comprehensively evaluating coagulation function is critical in model development and studies of viral pathogenesis and therapeutic efficacy. Here, using the VetScan VSpro veterinary point-of-care platform, we developed reference intervals in both juvenile and adult strain 13/N guinea pigs for three coagulation parameters: prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and fibrinogen. In addition, for situations or species with limited availability of blood for clinical analysis, we investigated the validity of a modified collection approach for low-volume (0.1 mL) blood sample analysis of PT and aPTT.

Assessing Functional Language in School-Aged Children Using Language Sample Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-636
Author(s):  
John Heilmann ◽  
Alexander Tucci ◽  
Elena Plante ◽  
Jon F. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Computer Hardware ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Functional Language ◽  
School Age ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Language Sample Analysis ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability ◽  
Language Sample

Purpose The goal of this clinical focus article is to illustrate how speech-language pathologists can document the functional language of school-age children using language sample analysis (LSA). Advances in computer hardware and software are detailed making LSA more accessible for clinical use. Method This clinical focus article illustrates how documenting school-age student's communicative functioning is central to comprehensive assessment and how using LSA can meet multiple needs within this assessment. LSA can document students' meaningful participation in their daily life through assessment of their language used during everyday tasks. The many advances in computerized LSA are detailed with a primary focus on the Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts (Miller & Iglesias, 2019). The LSA process is reviewed detailing the steps necessary for computers to calculate word, morpheme, utterance, and discourse features of functional language. Conclusion These advances in computer technology and software development have made LSA clinically feasible through standardized elicitation and transcription methods that improve accuracy and repeatability. In addition to improved accuracy, validity, and reliability of LSA, databases of typical speakers to document status and automated report writing more than justify the time required. Software now provides many innovations that make LSA simpler and more accessible for clinical use. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12456719

Issues in Language Sample Collection and Analysis With Children Using AAC

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail Van Tatenhove
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Language Sample Analysis ◽  
Language Sample

Language sample analysis is considered one of the best methods of evaluating expressive language production in speaking children. However, the practice of language sample collection and analysis is complicated for speech-language pathologists working with children who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices. This article identifies six issues regarding use of language sample collection and analysis in clinical practice with children who use AAC devices. The purpose of this article is to encourage speech-language pathologists practicing in the area of AAC to utilize language sample collection and analysis as part of ongoing AAC assessment.

475: Clinically Insignificant Prostate Cancer - Can we Reliable Predict Low Volume and Low Grade Prostate Cancer Preoperatively?

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 154-154
Author(s):  
Michael Alschibaja ◽  
Joerg Massmann ◽  
Armin Funk ◽  
Heiner Van Randenborgh ◽  
Rudolf Hartung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Insignificant Prostate Cancer
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