scholarly journals The Pathology of Methanogenic Archaea in Human Gastrointestinal Tract Disease

10.5772/64637 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne L. Ishaq ◽  
Peter L. Moses ◽  
André-Denis G. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Tract Disease

The human archaeome: methodological pitfalls and knowledge gaps

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Mahnert ◽  
Marcus Blohs ◽  
Manuela-Raluca Pausan ◽  
Christine Moissl-Eichinger
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Methodological Problems

Forty years ago, archaea were described as a separate domain of life, distinct from bacteria and eukarya. Although it is known for quite a long time that methanogenic archaea are substantial components of the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and the oral cavity, the knowledge on the human archaeome is very limited. Various methodological problems contribute to the invisibility of the human archaeome, resulting in severe knowledge gaps and contradictory information. Similar to the bacteriome, the archaeal biogeography was found to be site-specific, forming (i) the thaumarchaeal skin landscape, (ii) the (methano)euryarchaeal GIT landscape, (iii) a mixed skin/GIT landscape in nose, and (iv) a woesearchaeal lung landscape, including numerous unknown archaeal clades. Compared with so-called universal microbiome approaches, archaea-specific protocols reveal a wide diversity and high quantity of archaeal signatures in various human tissues, with up to 1 : 1 ratios of bacteria and archaea in appendix and nose samples. The archaeome interacts closely with the bacteriome and the human body cells, whereas the roles of the human-associated archaea with respect to human health are only sparsely described. Methanogenic archaea and methane production were correlated with many health issues, including constipation, periodontitis and multiple sclerosis. However, one of the most burning questions — do archaeal pathogens exist? — still remains obscure to date.

The Design of a Hydraulic Suction Tube for Peroral Biopsy of the Human Gastrointestinal Tract

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne E. Quinton ◽  
Arnold L. Flick ◽  
Cyrus E. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Suction Tube

The Host Genotype Affects the Bacterial Community in the Human Gastrointestinal Tract

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin G. Zoetendal ◽  
Antoon D. L. Akkermans ◽  
Wilma M. Akkermans-van Vliet ◽  
J. Arjan G. M. De Visser ◽  
Willem M. De Vos
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Host Genotype

Food-grade titanium dioxide particles decrease the bioaccessibility of iron released from spinach leaves in simulated human gastrointestinal tract

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyang Li ◽  
Chuanxin Ma ◽  
Heping Shang ◽  
Jason C. White ◽  
David Julian McClements ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Spinach Leaves

E171 reduced Fe bioaccessibility of spinach in a simulated gastrointestinal tract via two mechanisms: the inhibition of α-amylase activity and adsorption of released Fe from spinach.

Dissolution Media Simulating Conditions in the Proximal Human Gastrointestinal Tract: An Update

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1663-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekarat Jantratid ◽  
Niels Janssen ◽  
Christos Reppas ◽  
Jennifer B. Dressman
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract
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