scholarly journals ACE I/D (Rs1799752), MTHFR C677T (Rs1801133), and CCR5 D32 (Rs333) Genes and their Association with Hypertension and Diabetic Nephropathy in Urban Areas of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Mexico

10.5772/64548 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizbeth Salazar-Sanchez ◽  
Juan Jose Madrigal-Sanchez ◽  
Pedro Gonzalez-Martinez ◽  
Edel Paredes ◽  
Ligia Vera-Gamboa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mthfr C677t

Interaction of MTHFR C677T polymorphism with smoking in susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in Chinese men with type 2 diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Ma ◽  
Yongwei Jiang ◽  
Xiaomu Kong ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
Hailing Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Mthfr C677t ◽  
C677t Polymorphism ◽  
Mthfr C677t Polymorphism ◽  
Chinese Men

scholarly journals “Bee-Flower-People Relationships, Field Biologists, and Conservation in Northwest Urban Costa Rica and Beyond.”

Zoosymposia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
G. W. FRANKIE ◽  
R. E. COVILLE ◽  
J. C. PAWELE ◽  
C. C. JADALLAH ◽  
S. B. VINSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Undisturbed Forest ◽  
The University

The forests of Costa Rica are rich in a wide variety of pollinator types and a very diverse flora that supports them.  Our research group from the University of California, Berkeley and Texas A & M University, College Station has been researching the ecology of one pollinator group, the bees, in the northwest Guanacaste dry forest region since 1969.  Much natural forest existed in this area when we first began the work.  But, many land use changes have occurred over the years to present day to the point that it is difficult to find tracts of undisturbed forest suitable for field research, especially those not affected by wildfires, which are now common.        Further, urban areas in the region continue to grow with increasing numbers of people populating the region.  In this paper we provide an overview of our past bee-flower work for a historical perspective, and then weave in people that have now become an obvious ecological component of current bee-flower relationships.  We also explore new questions that have become relevant through time, especially those related to researchers and potential conservation opportunities to share their stories with audiences that may extend their knowledge for practical use.  Finally, we propose that researchers plan to devote some of their precious time establishing relationships with people in conserving what is left of bee-flower relationships in urban environments in Guanacaste and beyond in the country.  Avenues for extending this knowledge are explored in this paper.

MTHFR C677T and A1298C gene polymorphisms and hyperhomocysteinemia as risk factors of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Mtiraoui ◽  
Intissar Ezzidi ◽  
Molka Chaieb ◽  
Hela Marmouche ◽  
Zied Aouni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Mthfr C677t ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Costa Rica moves to prevent gang threat

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Organised Crime ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Judicial Investigation ◽  
Security Concerns ◽  
The Government ◽  
Criminal Groups

Subject Security concerns. Significance Although Costa Rica has long avoided the crime problems of its northern neighbours, a report released in June by its Judicial Investigation Agency found that the number of criminal groups operating in the country has increased over the last decade, with members of gangs (or 'maras') from the Northern Triangle countries of Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador establishing a presence in Costa Rica. While the country remains one of the safest in the region, mara activity has had an impact on crime levels, pushing the government to take action. Impacts Increased mara activity may cause conflict with local gangs, particularly in urban areas. Initial successes in dismantling gangs may encourage other groups to try to fill the power vacuum. Pre-emptive action will slow the development of organised crime, but could encourage gangs to move to neighbouring countries.

scholarly journals Effect of MTHFR C677T genotype on survival in type 2 diabetes patients with end-stage diabetic nephropathy

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Boger ◽  
M. Stubanus ◽  
T. Haak ◽  
A. K. Gotz ◽  
J. Christ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Mthfr C677t ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Diabetes Patients

scholarly journals Near Surface Carbon Dioxide and Methane in Urban Areas of Costa Rica

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 208-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Germain Esquivel-Hernández ◽  
Mario Villalobos-Forbes ◽  
Ricardo Sánchez-Murillo ◽  
Christian Birkel ◽  
Juan Valdés-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Surface Carbon

scholarly journals A Traditional Costa Rican Adolescents' Diet Score Is a Valid Tool to Capture Diet Quality and Identify Sociodemographic Groups With Suboptimal Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Monge-Rojas ◽  
June O'Neill ◽  
Michelle Lee-Bravatti ◽  
Josiemer Mattei
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Traditional Diet ◽  
Diet Score

Traditional diet indices may capture diet quality according to local food culture. Higher adherence to traditional diet scores may help prevent disease, yet evidence in adolescents is limited. This cross-sectional study aimed to develop and validate a Traditional Costa Rica Adolescents Diet Score (TCRAD) and determine its association with sociodemographic characteristics, under the hypothesis that girls, adolescents from rural areas, and with low socioeconomic status, have a more traditional healthy diet. A total of 804 urban and rural adolescents (13–18 years old) participated in the study. The TCRAD showed adequate internal validity as shown by significant associations with intake of 14 traditional foods and nutrients (legumes, vegetables, fruits, oils, dairy, and corn tortilla scored as healthy; and white rice, red/processed meat, solid fats, desserts/pastries, sugar-sweetened beverages, snacks, fast food, and bread and cookies scored as unhealthy). A high TCRAD score, indicative of a healthier and more traditional diet, was observed among adolescents in the low socioeconomic group vs. medium or high socioeconomic categories (42.9, 41.2, and 38.2%, respectively, p < 0.05), adolescents living in rural areas vs. urban (47.6 vs. 34.2%, p < 0.05), and among boys vs. girls (46.9 vs. 37.5%, p < 0.05). The TCRAD score is a valid tool to capture diet quality of adolescents in Costa Rica and could be used to measure association of diet with disease outcomes in this and similar populations. Public health nutrition programs in Costa Rica should focus on improving intake of foods and nutrients, and prioritize girls, adolescents in urban areas, and adolescents with high socioeconomic status.

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