scholarly journals Introductory chapter: Essential Hypertension in the Twenty‐ First Century… What is Next?

10.5772/64260 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizbeth Salazar-Sánchez ◽  
Krystell Oviedo-Flores
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
First Century ◽  
Twenty First Century

Introduction

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jed Z. Buchwald ◽  
Mordechai Feingold
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Church History ◽  
First Century ◽  
Book Of Revelation ◽  
Fluid Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Natural Philosophers

This introductory chapter discusses Isaac Newton’s immersion in ancient prophecies, Church history, and alchemy. These investigations raise several questions: what links his interest in such matters to his investigations in optics, mechanics, and mathematics? Was Newton in his alchemical laboratory the same Newton who analyzed the passage of light through a prism and who measured the behavior of bodies falling through fluid media? What did the Newton who interpreted the Book of Revelation have to do with the man who wrote the Principia Mathematica? And how does the Newton who pored over ancient texts square with the author of the Opticks? The Newton that is the subject of this book differs in striking ways from any scientist of the twenty-first century. But he differed as well from his contemporary natural philosophers, theologians, and chronologers. The book investigates the origin of this difference and then uses it to produce a new understanding of Newton’s worldview and its historical context.

Introduction: The Bollywood Eclipse

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelam Sidhar Wright
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
Film Production ◽  
Indian Cinema ◽  
Aesthetic Style ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
And Function ◽  
Film Language

This book examines changes in Bollywood's film production during the twenty-first century, and particularly after its economic liberalisation, giving rise to a ‘New Bollywood’. It shows how the Indian cinema has acquired evidently postmodern qualities and explains what postmodernism means in the context of Bollywood cinema. It also considers what postmodernism tells us about the change and function of Bollywood film language after the twenty-first century. The book describes Bollywood's ‘postmodern turn’ as a form of transformation that reworks or revisits previous aesthetic trends in order to produce a radically different aesthetic. ‘New Bollywood’ refers to contemporary films characterised by a strong postmodern aesthetic style which was not as present in the 1990s. This introductory chapter discusses the meaning of ‘contemporary Bollywood’, postmodernism as a means of reading and interpreting films, and the structure of the book.

Introduction

Saw ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Benjamin Poole
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
First Century ◽  
Horror Film ◽  
Moral Code ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
Twenty First Century

This introductory chapter provides an overview of SAW (2004). SAW is a horror film that is entirely representative of the era that created it: the early twenty-first century witnessed a threatened America whose national confidence was shattered, and shady Middle Eastern wars played out in abject images of torture and suffering. Like the aeons of horror tales that precede it, the film is an essay in morality as well as mortality; its antagonist cleaves to a logical, if bloody moral code, while no victim is wholly without guilt. As with all of the best horror, SAW is interested in the spiritual and physical potential of the human body and soul. This aspect of gratification is abundantly evident in the gross extremities of SAW's survival horror. The particular focus is sadism and body trauma, which the film details with surgical precision.

Introduction

City, State ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ran Hirschl
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
First Century ◽  
Constitutional Order ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The City ◽  
Spatial Governance

This introductory chapter illustrates that, in many settings worldwide, hardwired constitutional arrangements reflect outdated concepts of spatial governance featuring constitutional division of competences adopted in a pre-megacity era and increasingly detached from twenty-first-century realities. Consequently, cities do not exist constitutionally. And with few exceptions, cities remain subjugated by a Westphalian constitutional order and by the state’s innate inclination to maintain jurisdictional primacy over its territory. National constitutions’ entrenched nature and innately statist outlook render the city systemically weak and to a large degree underrepresented. As extensive urbanization marches on, an ever-widening gap emerges between what is expected of a modern metropolis, and what cities can actually deliver in the absence of adequate standing, representation, taxation powers, or robust policy-making authority.

scholarly journals Making Sense of Community and Identity in Twenty-First Century Technoscience

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
Karen Kastenhofer ◽  
Susan Molyneux-Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
First Century ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Individual Contributions ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThis introductory chapter begins with the empirical example of synthetic biology, a case that has challenged our own thinking, provoking us to re-address the concepts of scientific ‘community’ and ‘identity’ in contemporary technoscience. The chapter then moves on to a delineation of the conceptualisations of community and identity in past sociologies of science, highlighting open questions, promising avenues and potential shortcomings in explaining contemporary conditions. Following this, the individual contributions to this volume are presented, including their analyses on community and identity constellations and the related effects on the contemporary technosciences as institutions, practices and living spaces. This is achieved with a focus on common themes that come to the fore from the various contributions. In a final discussion, we take stock of our attempt at re-addressing community and identity in contemporary technoscientific contexts and discuss where this has brought us; which ambiguities could not be resolved and which questions seem promising starting points for further conceptual and empirical endeavour.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geiß Robin ◽  
Melzer Nils
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Global Security ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Economic Nature

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the twenty-first-century global security environment. Since the turn of the century, the global security environment has become increasingly dynamic, complex, and volatile; and the causes, mechanisms, and consequences of national and international (in-)security have become increasingly transnational and global in nature. Various powerful dynamics of a geopolitical, demographic, climatic, technological, social, and economic nature have been driving this trend, which has now been taken to entirely new levels by the recent outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The convergence of so-called ‘old and new security challenges’, such as the return to power politics, the rise of asymmetric and hybrid warfare, and the emergence of novel threats posed by potent non-State actors, technological innovation, as well as dramatically increased economic, pandemic, and environmental risks, have entailed a veritable globalization of the security agenda. The chapter then outlines a number of overarching key dynamics, trends, and contestations that reflect the various intrinsic and extrinsic pressures and tensions international law is exposed to in the global security environment of the twenty-first century.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elana Levine
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
First Century ◽  
Cultural Products ◽  
Feminine Identity ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
Twenty First Century

This introductory chapter briefly tackles the broad scope of scholarly literature on feminized popular culture, and also provides an overview of this area in the twenty-first century. Its focus is on forms of early-twenty-first-century popular culture that are strongly associated with femininity—the social and economic forces that create such culture, the ways these cultural products speak to and about feminine identity, and the ways that audiences, readers, and users engage with and experience this culture. In addition, the chapter details in brief the influences, both current and historic, which inform the central themes of this volume, as well as the aims and specific lines of inquiry that this volume seeks to pursue.

1 Introduction

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahdar Rex ◽  
Leigh Ian
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Religious Freedom ◽  
First Century ◽  
Orientation Discrimination ◽  
Religious Tolerance ◽  
The West ◽  
Sexual Orientation Discrimination ◽  
Twenty First Century

This introductory chapter begins with a discussion of the importance of religious tolerance and religious freedom in the twenty-first century. It presents examples of people exercising their right of religious freedom versus those vindicating their right to be free from sexual orientation discrimination. It also describes cases where the conflict involved Muslim sensibilities and practice. This is followed by explanations of why religious freedom is under increasing pressure in the West today. The chapter then briefly sets out the book's purpose and provides an overview of the three parts of the book.

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