scholarly journals Protective Role of the Immune System in Spinal Cord Injury: Immunomodulation with Altered Peptide Ligands

10.5772/63221 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Suárez-Meade ◽  
Antonio Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Peptide Ligands ◽  
Altered Peptide Ligands ◽  
Cord Injury

Protective role of β-carotene against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in a rat model of spinal cord injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihui Zhou ◽  
Lian Ouyang ◽  
Shuangzhi Lin ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
YingJie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Β Carotene

Protective role of aquaporin-4 water channels after contusion spinal cord injury

2010 ◽  
pp. NA-NA ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Kimura ◽  
Mike Hsu ◽  
Marcus Seldin ◽  
Alan S. Verkman ◽  
Helen E. Scharfman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Water Channels ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Role of Melatonin in Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehar Naseem ◽  
Suhel Parvez
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Secondary Injury ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Injured Part

Brain and spinal cord are implicated in incidences of two of the most severe injuries of central nervous system (CNS). Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a devastating neurological deficit involving primary and secondary injury cascades. The primary and secondary mechanisms include complex consequences of activation of proinflammatory cytokines, cerebral edema, upregulation of NF-κβ, disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB), and oxidative stress. Spinal cord injury (SCI) includes primary and secondary injury cascades. Primary injury leads to secondary injury in which generation of free radicals and oxidative or nitrative damage play an important pathophysiological role. The indoleamine melatonin is a hormone secreted or synthesized by pineal gland in the brain which helps to regulate sleep and wake cycle. Melatonin has been shown to be a versatile hormone having antioxidative, antiapoptotic, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has a special characteristic of crossing BBB. Melatonin has neuroprotective role in the injured part of the CNS after TBI and SCI. A number of studies have successfully shown its therapeutic value as a neuroprotective agent in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Here in this review we have compiled the literature supporting consequences of CNS injuries, TBI and SCI, and the protective role of melatonin in it.

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