scholarly journals Microscopic Investigations on Woody Biomass as Treated with Ionic Liquids

10.5772/62721 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Kanbayashi ◽  
Hisashi Miyafuji
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Microscopic Investigations

scholarly journals Towards understanding of delignification of grassy and woody biomass in cholinium-based ionic liquids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mood Mohan ◽  
Hemant Choudhary ◽  
Anthe George ◽  
Blake A. Simmons ◽  
Kenneth Sale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Dissolution Mechanism ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Multiple Hydrogen Bonds

Herein we report the dissolution mechanism of lignin in cholinium-based ionic liquids by molecular dynamics simulations. Multiple hydrogen bonds, longer HB lifetimes, and higher pKa of [Ch][Lys] makes it a better solvent for lignin than acidic ILs.

Towards optimal selective fractionation for Nordic woody biomass using novel amine–organic superbase derived switchable ionic liquids (SILs)

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 373-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikenna Anugwom ◽  
Valerie Eta ◽  
Pasi Virtanen ◽  
Paivi Mäki-Arvela ◽  
Mattias Hedenström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Woody Biomass

Use of Polyoxometalate Catalysts in Ionic Liquids to Enhance the Dissolution and Delignification of Woody Biomass

ChemSusChem ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Sun ◽  
Xinyu Jiang ◽  
Mirela L. Maxim ◽  
Andreas Metlen ◽  
Robin D. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Woody Biomass

Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-315
Author(s):  
G. Lehmpfuhl
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Diffraction Spot ◽  
Crystal Thickness ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Microscopic Investigations

Introduction In electron microscopic investigations of crystalline specimens the direct observation of the electron diffraction pattern gives additional information about the specimen. The quality of this information depends on the quality of the crystals or the crystal area contributing to the diffraction pattern. By selected area diffraction in a conventional electron microscope, specimen areas as small as 1 µ in diameter can be investigated. It is well known that crystal areas of that size which must be thin enough (in the order of 1000 Å) for electron microscopic investigations are normally somewhat distorted by bending, or they are not homogeneous. Furthermore, the crystal surface is not well defined over such a large area. These are facts which cause reduction of information in the diffraction pattern. The intensity of a diffraction spot, for example, depends on the crystal thickness. If the thickness is not uniform over the investigated area, one observes an averaged intensity, so that the intensity distribution in the diffraction pattern cannot be used for an analysis unless additional information is available.

Determination of the phase structure of polymerblends by electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 492-493
Author(s):  
Dr. G. Kaemof
Keyword(s):  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Microscopic Investigations

A mixture of polycarbonate (PC) and styrene-acrylonitrile-copolymer (SAN) represents a very good example for the efficiency of electron microscopic investigations concerning the determination of optimum production procedures for high grade product properties.The following parameters have been varied:components of charge (PC : SAN 50 : 50, 60 : 40, 70 : 30), kind of compounding machine (single screw extruder, twin screw extruder, discontinuous kneader), mass-temperature (lowest and highest possible temperature).The transmission electron microscopic investigations (TEM) were carried out on ultra thin sections, the PC-phase of which was selectively etched by triethylamine.The phase transition (matrix to disperse phase) does not occur - as might be expected - at a PC to SAN ratio of 50 : 50, but at a ratio of 65 : 35. Our results show that the matrix is preferably formed by the components with the lower melting viscosity (in this special case SAN), even at concentrations of less than 50 %.

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