Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) as a Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines

The expediency and advantages of using gas motor fuels, in particular, liquefied petroleum gas with respect to traditional liquid motor fuels, are shown. Technical solutions for the use of liquefied petroleum gas by diesel engines are presented and analysed. The expediency and advantages of converting diesel engines to gas spark ignition internal combustion engines with respect to conversion to gas diesel engines. Developed by the Ukrainian synthesis technology Avenir Gaz has for converting diesel engines to gas internal combustion engines with spark ignition. According to the synthesis technology of Avenir Gaz, re-equipment of diesel engines of vehicles is carried out on the basis of the universal electronic control system for gas internal combustion engines, which is based on the multifunctional electronic microprocessor control unit Avenir Gaz 37. The developed electronic microprocessor control system for gas internal combustion engines with forced ignition has a modular structure and consists of two main and a number of additional subsystems. A schematic diagram of a universal electronic control system of a gas internal combustion engine with spark ignition for operation on liquefied petroleum gas is presented. The principle of operation of the main subsystems, which include the subsystem of power management and injection of liquefied petroleum gas by gas electromagnetic injectors into the intake manifold of a gas engine, and the principle of operation of the control subsystem of the ignition with two-spark ignition coils are described. A multifunctional electronic control unit Avenir Gaz 37 has been designed and manufactured. Non-motorized tests of the electronic control unit confirmed its performance. Based on the synthesis technology of Avenir Gaz using the universal electronic control system for gas internal combustion engines with the Avenir Gaz 37 ECU, the D-240 diesel engine was converted into a gas spark ignition internal combustion engine of the D-240-LPG model. Keywords: gas internal combustion engine with forced ignition, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), electronic microprocessor control system for gas internal combustion engines, vehicles operating on LPG.

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DEVELOPMENT OF MICROPROCESSOR SYSTEMS CONTROL OF GAS ICE FOR OPERATION WITH LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS

InterConf ◽

10.51582/interconf.19-20.07.2021.035 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 327-332

Author(s):

Serhii Kovalov

Keyword(s):

Diesel Engines ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Electronic Control Unit ◽

Control Unit ◽

Internal Combustion ◽

Intake Manifold ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Electronic Control ◽

Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽

Microprocessor Control

The expediency of converting the transport diesel engines in operation into gas internal combustion engines with spark ignition for operation on liquefied petroleum gas has been substantiated. It is shown that the use of liquefied petroleum gas instead of diesel fuel can reduce the operating costs of vehicles. Multifunctional electronic microprocessor control systems based on Avenir Gaz 37 level “A” and Avenir Gaz 37 level “B” electronic control units have been developed. It is shown that an electronic microprocessor control system with an Avenir Gaz 37 electronic control unit of level "A" allows converting diesel engines into gas internal combustion engines with LPG supply through a gas-air mixer into the intake manifold. The test results showed the high energy and efficient performance of the gas internal combustion engine. The second electronic microprocessor control system with an electronic control unit Avenir Gaz 37 of level "B" allows converting diesel engines into gas internal combustion engines with LPG injection through an accumulative power supply subsystem and multipoint injection of liquefied petroleum gas (Common Rail type) in combination with the use of a contactless electronic subsystem ignition with a movable voltage distributor and a cylinder filling control subsystem with a charge of the working mixture. At the same time, Avenir Gaz 37 "B" ECU with a loaded B1 level software module provides group injection of LPG into the intake manifold and sequential injection with a B2 level software module. The principle of operation of each of the three subsystems, which the D-240-LPG-"B" gas engine is equipped with, is described. The tests carried out on the D-240-LPG-"B" gas engine with the Avenir Gaz 37 "B" control unit confirmed its operability.

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Electric or Internal Combustion Engines for Passenger Cars? – Environmental and Economic Aspects

Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina ◽

10.26552/com.c.2022.1.b49-b58 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. B49-B58

Author(s):

Zoran Čekerevac ◽

Zdeněk Dvořák ◽

Lyudmila Prigoda

Keyword(s):

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Internal Combustion ◽

Point Of View ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽

Passenger Cars ◽

Compressed Natural Gas ◽

Economic Point ◽

Electric Cars ◽

Basic Characteristics

The paper is focused on fuels, their users - engines and the end-user, the vehicles, from an environmental and economic point of view. The basic characteristics of potential fuels for internal combustion engines, as well as possible sources of electricity, are analysed. A comparative analysis of characteristics of vehicle propulsion with gasoline, diesel fuel, compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas and electricity was performed. The research has shown that the application of vehicles with an electric motor is ecologically justified only in cases of obtaining electricity in an environmentally friendly way and that in other cases there is no profit in an ecological sense. From an economic point of view, if there were no subsidies to manufacturers and buyers of electric cars, they would not be competitive with internal combustion engines now. Within the research, potential solutions for reducing air pollution and improving the quality of life in cities have been proposed.

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Influence of the Use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Systems in Woodchippers Powered by Small Engines on Exhaust Emissions and Operating Costs

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13215773 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 5773 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Łukasz Warguła ◽

Mateusz Kukla ◽

Piotr Lijewski ◽

Michał Dobrzyński ◽

Filip Markiewicz

Keyword(s):

Alternative Fuels ◽

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Internal Combustion ◽

Pollutant Emissions ◽

Combustion Engines ◽

The European Union ◽

Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽

Hc Emissions ◽

Supply Systems

The use of alternative fuels is a contemporary trend in science aimed at the protection of non-renewable resources, reducing the negative impact on people and reducing the negative impact on the natural environment. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is an alternative fuel within the meaning of the European Union Directive (2014/94/UE), as it is an alternative for energy sources derived from crude oil. The use of LPG fuel in low-power internal combustion engines is one of the currently developed scientific research directions. It results from the possibility of limiting air pollutant emissions compared to the commonly used gasoline and the lower cost of this fuel in many countries. By “gasoline 95” the Authors mean non-lead petrol as a flammable liquid that is used primarily as a fuel in most spark-ignited internal combustion engines, whereas 95 is an octane rating (octane number). This article presents the results of research on fuel consumption, toxic exhaust gas emission, and operating costs of a woodchipper used for shredding branches with a diameter of up to 100 mm in real working conditions. The woodchipper, powered by a 9.5 kW internal combustion engine, fueled by gasoline and LPG was tested. Liberal regulations of the European Union (Regulation 2016/1628/EU) on the emission of harmful exhaust compounds from small spark-ignition engines (up to 19 kW) and non-road applications contribute to the low technical advancement level of these engines. The authors researched a relatively simple and cheap LPG fueling system, as in their opinion, such a system has the best chance of being implemented for use. In the study, the branches of cherry plum were shredded (Prunus cerasiferaEhrh. Beitr. Naturk. 4:17. 1789 (Gartenkalender4:189-204. 1784)). Their diameter was ca. 80 mm, length 3 m, and moisture content ca. 25%. The system was tested during the shredding of the branches in real working conditions (the frequency of supplying the branches about 4 min−1 and the mass productivity of about 0.73 t/h). Based on the recorded results, it was found that the LPG fueled engine was characterized by higher carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions by 22% and 27%, respectively. A positive effect of using LPG was the reduction of fuel consumption by 28% and carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrocarbons (HC) emissions by 37% and 83%, respectively. The results of the research show that the use of alternative fuels can bring benefits in terms of CO2 and HC emissions, but at the same time be characterized by an increase in CO and NOx emissions. Further research should be conducted on innovative alternative fuel supply systems, such as in the automotive industry. At the same time, legislators should limit the use of low-quality fuel supply systems with the limits of pollutant emissions in exhaust gases, contributing to the development and economic competitiveness of new fuel injection systems.

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