scholarly journals The Planck Power – A Numerical Coincidence or a Fundamental Number in Cosmology?

10.5772/61642 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Denur
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Number

The karyotype of Sorex arcticus maritimensis (Insectivora, Soricidae) and its systematic implications

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1968-1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. T. Volobouev ◽  
C. G. van Zyll de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Diploid Number ◽  
Sorex Araneus ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
Monophyletic Origin ◽  
Fundamental Number ◽  
First Time

The chromosomes of Sorex arcticus maritimensis are described for the first time and their banding pattern (R- and C-bands) compared with those of Sorex araneus. The results provide further evidence for the monophyletic origin of the araneus–arcticus group and clearly indicate that the primary mechanisms of chromosomal reorganization in this group have been Robertsonian and tandem translocations. The basic karyotype of S. a. maritimensis was found to differ from that of S. a. arcticus in having a different fundamental number (34 vs. 38) but the same diploid number. A full understanding of the karyotypic differences between these taxa requires further work. Whatever the exact nature of the differences, they increase the likelihood of an independent specific status for S. a. maritimensis as suggested by the results of an earlier morphometric analysis.

THE KARYOTYPE OF ECHINOCOCCUS MULTILOCULARIS (CESTODA: TAENIIDAE)

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Rausch ◽  
R. L. Rausch
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Fundamental Number

The chromosomes of Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 have been described, based on components of cells from the adult stage and the larval stage of the cestode. Chromosomal complements of 2n = 18, n = 9 were confirmed. The fundamental number of chromosomal arms was 24. Karyograms are presented, in which the 18 elements are grouped according to arm-ratios and size. An idiogram of G-bands is included.

Chromosome differentiation in the subantarctic Bovichtidae species Cottoperca gobio (Günther, 1861) and Pseudaphritis urvillii (Valenciennes, 1832) (Pisces, Perciformes)

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Pisano ◽  
C. Ozouf-Costaz ◽  
J-C. Hureau ◽  
R. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Chromosomal Location ◽  
Cytogenetic Study ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Chromosome Differentiation ◽  
Fundamental Number ◽  
Magellan Strait ◽  
Australian Plate ◽  
Acrocentric Chromosomes

A cytogenetic study on the bovichtid species Cottoperca gobio from the Magellan Strait and Pseudaphritis urvillii from Tasmania showed both species have a plesiomorphic number of chromosomes (2n=48). However, C.gobio has a more conservative karyotype composed entirely of acrocentric chromosomes (Fundamental Number=48); the presence of two metacentric pairs in P. urvilli (FN=52) makes this species karyologically more derived. The differences in the number of chromosomal arms, and the chromosomal location of the nucleolar organizer regions indicate karyological divergence in the two separating stocks from which C.gobio and P.urvillii originated. During the diversification of this notothenioid family, probably coincident with the fragmentation of Gondwana, the stock that split off with the Australian Plate gave rise to the Tasmanian species and experienced more chromosomal modifications than the stock from which C. gobio is derived. The pattern of constitutive heterochromatin suggests a possible homology between a pair of chromosomes in bovichtids and other notothenioids.

scholarly journals Check-list of chromosome numbers of the family Hygromiidae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora) with new data on Circassina frutis

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
Nana Bakhtadze ◽  
Nino Gabroshvili ◽  
Levan Mumladze ◽  
Nino Gabroshvili
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Haploid Number ◽  
Check List ◽  
Fundamental Number ◽  
Diploid Complement ◽  
The Family ◽  
Karyotype Formula ◽  
First Time

Chromosome number data on the Hygromiidae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora) are summarized and reviewed briefly in the context of the phylogeny of the family. In hygromiids, the haploid chromosome numbers range from 21 to 26. It is supposed that n = 21 is the ancestral chromosome number in the family. The modal haploid number for Hygromiidae is 23. Description of karyotype in terms of chromosome number and morphology of hygromiid land snail Circassina frutis is provided for the first time. The diploid chromosome number of this species is 2n = 46. The karyotype is symmetric and consists of 21 pairs of metacentric and 2 pairs of submetacentric chromosomes. The karyotype formula is as follows: 2n = 42m + 4sm (n = 21m + 2sm). The fundamental number (FN) is 92. Chromosomes range in length from 2.53 μm for the smallest pair to 6.00 μm for the largest pair. The total length of chromosomes in diploid complement (TCL) is 170.40 ± 3.22 μm.

THE CHROMOSOMAL COMPLEMENT OF THE YELLOW-CHEEKED VOLE: Microtus xanthognathus (Leach)

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Rausch ◽  
R. L. Rausch
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Fundamental Number ◽  
Chromosomal Number ◽  
Chromosomal Complement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Haploid Complement

The karyotype of Microtus xanthognathus (Leach) is described, based on material from one female and one male vole. The diploid chromosomal number was found to be 54, and the fundamental number 62. The metacentric X-chromosome was of medium size and averaged 6.6% of the haploid complement. The designated Y-chromosome was near acrocentric. The specific distinction of M. xanthognathus and Microtus chrotorrhinus (Miller) was confirmed by the recognition of major differences in karyotype and differences in fundamental number. The distributional history of M. xanthognathus is briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Cytogenetics of species of the families Pimelodidae and Rhamdiidae (Siluriformes)

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cláudia Swarça ◽  
Lucia Giuliano Caetano ◽  
Ana Lúcia Dias
Keyword(s):  
Diploid Number ◽  
Fundamental Number

Only 33 species among about 300 belonging to the families Pimelodidae and Rhamdiidae have been studied cytogenetically. The diploid number varies from 2n = 46 to 2n = 63 chromosomes, with the karyotypes often being of the meta/submetacentric type. As a result, there is generally a very elevated fundamental number.

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