scholarly journals Gap Structures of A-15 Alloys from the Superconducting and Normal-State Break-Junction Tunnelling

10.5772/59338 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshikazu Ekino ◽  
Alexander M. Gabovich ◽  
Akira Sugimoto ◽  
Yuta Sakai ◽  
Jun Akimitsu
Keyword(s):  
Normal State ◽  
Break Junction

STABLE hc/e VORTICES IN SUPERCONDUCTORS WITH SPIN-CHARGE SEPARATION

1992 ◽  
Vol 06 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 509-526
Author(s):  
Subir Sachdev
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Normal State ◽  
Phenomenological Model ◽  
Charge Separation ◽  
Cuprate Superconductors ◽  
Superconducting Phase ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Large N ◽  
Normal State Properties

A phenomenological model, F, of the superconducting phase of systems with spin-charge separation and antiferromagnetically induced pairing is studied. Above Hc1, magnetic flux can always pierce the superconductor in vortices with flux hc/2e, but regimes are found in which vortices with flux hc/e are preferred. Little-Park and other experiments, which examine periodicities with a varying magnetic field, always observe a period of hc/2e. The low energy properties of a symplectic large-N expansion of a model of the cuprate superconductors are argued to be well described by F. This analysis and some normal state properties of the cuprates suggest that hc/e vortices should be stable at the lowest dopings away from the insulating state at which superconductivity first occurs.

High magnetic-field evolution of the in-plane angular magnetoresistance of electron-doped Sr1−xLaxCuO2 in the normal state

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Jovanović ◽  
H. Raffy ◽  
Z. Z. Li ◽  
G. Reményi ◽  
P. Monceau
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
High Magnetic Field ◽  
Normal State ◽  
Field Evolution

scholarly journals States Transitions Inference of Postpartum Depression Based on Multi-State Markov Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7449
Author(s):  
Juan Xiong ◽  
Qiyu Fang ◽  
Jialing Chen ◽  
Yingxin Li ◽  
Huiyi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Markov Model ◽  
Normal State ◽  
Sojourn Time ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Transition Probability ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Multiple Time

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) has been recognized as a severe public health problem worldwide due to its high incidence and the detrimental consequences not only for the mother but for the infant and the family. However, the pattern of natural transition trajectories of PPD has rarely been explored. Methods: In this research, a quantitative longitudinal study was conducted to explore the PPD progression process, providing information on the transition probability, hazard ratio, and the mean sojourn time in the three postnatal mental states, namely normal state, mild PPD, and severe PPD. The multi-state Markov model was built based on 912 depression status assessments in 304 Chinese primiparous women over multiple time points of six weeks postpartum, three months postpartum, and six months postpartum. Results: Among the 608 PPD status transitions from one visit to the next visit, 6.2% (38/608) showed deterioration of mental status from the level at the previous visit; while 40.0% (243/608) showed improvement at the next visit. A subject in normal state who does transition then has a probability of 49.8% of worsening to mild PPD, and 50.2% to severe PPD. A subject with mild PPD who does transition has a 20.0% chance of worsening to severe PPD. A subject with severe PPD is more likely to improve to mild PPD than developing to the normal state. On average, the sojourn time in the normal state, mild PPD, and severe PPD was 64.12, 6.29, and 9.37 weeks, respectively. Women in normal state had 6.0%, 8.5%, 8.7%, and 8.8% chances of progress to severe PPD within three months, nine months, one year, and three years, respectively. Increased all kinds of supports were associated with decreased risk of deterioration from normal state to severe PPD (hazard ratio, HR: 0.42–0.65); and increased informational supports, evaluation of support, and maternal age were associated with alleviation from severe PPD to normal state (HR: 1.46–2.27). Conclusions: The PPD state transition probabilities caused more attention and awareness about the regular PPD screening for postnatal women and the timely intervention for women with mild or severe PPD. The preventive actions on PPD should be conducted at the early stages, and three yearly; at least one yearly screening is strongly recommended. Emotional support, material support, informational support, and evaluation of support had significant positive associations with the prevention of PPD progression transitions. The derived transition probabilities and sojourn time can serve as an importance reference for health professionals to make proactive plans and target interventions for PPD.

scholarly journals A flexible platform for controlled optical and electrical effects in tailored plasmonic break junctions

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1391-1400
Author(s):  
Florian Laible ◽  
Kai Braun ◽  
Otto Hauler ◽  
Martin Eberle ◽  
Dieter P. Kern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Tunneling Current ◽  
Plasmonic Nanostructures ◽  
Break Junction ◽  
Metal Contacts ◽  
Break Junctions ◽  
Constant Bias ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
Atomic Point Contacts

AbstractMechanically controllable break junctions are one suitable approach to generate atomic point contacts and ultrasmall and controllable gaps between two metal contacts. For constant bias voltages, the tunneling current can be used as a ruler to evaluate the distance between the contacts in the sub-1-nm regime and with sub-Å precision. This ruler can be used to measure the distance between two plasmonic nanostructures located at the designated breaking point of the break junction. In this work, an experimental setup together with suitable nanofabricated break junctions is developed that enables us to perform simultaneous gap-dependent optical and electrical characterization of coupled plasmonic particles, more specifically bowtie antennas in the highly interesting gap range from few nanometers down to zero gap width. The plasmonic break junction experiment is performed in the focus of a confocal microscope. Confocal scanning images and current measurements are simultaneously recorded and exhibit an increased current when the laser is focused in the proximity of the junction. This setup offers a flexible platform for further correlated optoelectronic investigations of coupled antennas or junctions bridged by nanomaterials.

In-situ photoconductivity measurement of imidazole in optical fiber break-junctions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhikai Zhao ◽  
Chenyang Guo ◽  
Lifa Ni ◽  
Xueyan Zhao ◽  
Surong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Molecular Junctions ◽  
Break Junction ◽  
Break Junctions ◽  
Fiber Break ◽  
Electron Transport Properties ◽  
Photoconductivity Measurement

We develop a method based on the mechanically controllable break junction technique to investigate the electron transport properties of single molecular junctions upon fiber waveguided light. In our strategy, a...

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