scholarly journals Adipose-Derived Stem Cells — Are They the Optimal Cell Source for Urinary Tract Regeneration?

10.5772/59223 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazem Orabi ◽  
Cassandra R. Goulet ◽  
Julie Fradette ◽  
Stéphane Bolduc
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Source

scholarly journals Use of conditioned media (CM) and xeno-free serum substitute on human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) differentiation into urothelial-like cells

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10890
Author(s):  
Ban Al- kurdi ◽  
Nidaa A. Ababneh ◽  
Nizar Abuharfeil ◽  
Saddam Al Demour ◽  
Abdalla S. Awidi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Urothelial Cell ◽  
Conditioned Media ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Expression Levels

Background Congenital abnormalities, cancers as well as injuries can cause irreversible damage to the urinary tract, which eventually requires tissue reconstruction. Smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and urothelial cells are the major cell types required for the reconstruction of lower urinary tract. Adult stem cells represent an accessible source of unlimited repertoire of untransformed cells. Aim Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is the most vital supplement in the culture media used for cellular proliferation and differentiation. However, due to the increasing interest in manufacturing xeno-free stem cell-based cellular products, optimizing the composition of the culture media and the serum-type used is of paramount importance. In this study, the effects of FBS and pooled human platelet (pHPL) lysate were assessed on the capacity of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to differentiate into urothelial-like cells. Also, we aimed to compare the ability of both conditioned media (CM) and unconditioned urothelial cell media (UCM) to induce urothelial differentiation of ADCS in vitro. Methods ADSCs were isolated from human lipoaspirates and characterized by flow cytometry for their ability to express the most common mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) markers. The differentiation potential was also assessed by differentiating them into osteogenic and adipogenic cell lineages. To evaluate the capacity of ADSCs to differentiate towards the urothelial-like lineage, cells were cultured with either CM or UCM, supplemented with either 5% pHPL, 2.5% pHPL or 10% FBS. After 14 days of induction, cells were utilized for gene expression and immunofluorescence analysis. Results ADSCs cultured in CM and supplemented with FBS exhibited the highest upregulation levels of the urothelial cell markers; cytokeratin-18 (CK-18), cytokeratin-19 (CK-19), and Uroplakin-2 (UPK-2), with a 6.7, 4.2- and a 2-folds increase in gene expression, respectively. Meanwhile, the use of CM supplemented with either 5% pHPL or 2.5% pHPL, and UCM supplemented with either 5% pHPL or 2.5% pHPL showed low expression levels of CK-18 and CK-19 and no upregulation of UPK-2 level was observed. In contrast, the use of UCM with FBS has increased the levels of CK-18 and CK-19, however to a lesser extent compared to CM. At the cellular level, CK-18 and UPK-2 were only detected in CM/FBS supplemented group. Growth factor analysis revealed an increase in the expression levels of EGF, VEGF and PDGF in all of the differentiated groups. Conclusion Efficient ADSCs urothelial differentiation is dependent on the use of conditioned media. The presence of high concentrations of proliferation-inducing growth factors present in the pHPL reduces the efficiency of ADSCs differentiation towards the urothelial lineage. Additionally, the increase in EGF, VEGF and PDGF during the differentiation implicates them in the mechanism of urothelial cell differentiation.

scholarly journals Urine as a Main Effector in Urological Tissue Engineering—A Double-Edged Sword

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq O. Abbas ◽  
Tayyiba A. Ali ◽  
Shahab Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Donor Site Morbidity ◽  
Congenital Disorders ◽  
Biodegradable Scaffolds ◽  
Cell Source ◽  
Urinary Tract Reconstruction

In order to reconstruct injured urinary tract tissues, biodegradable scaffolds with autologous seeded cells are explored in this work. However, when cells are obtained via biopsy from individuals who have damaged organs due to infection, congenital disorders, or cancer, this can result in unhealthy engineered cells and donor site morbidity. Thus, neo-organ construction through an alternative cell source might be useful. Significant advancements in the isolation and utilization of urine-derived stem cells have provided opportunities for this less invasive, limitless, and versatile source of cells to be employed in urologic tissue-engineered replacement. These cells have a high potential to differentiate into urothelial and smooth muscle cells. However, urinary tract reconstruction via tissue engineering is peculiar as it takes place in a milieu of urine that imposes certain risks on the implanted cells and scaffolds as a result of the highly cytotoxic nature of urine and its detrimental effect on both growth and differentiation of these cells. Both of these projections should be tackled thoughtfully when designing a suitable approach for repairing urinary tract defects and applying the needful precautions is vital.

Transdifferentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells into urothelial cells: potential for urinary tract tissue engineering

2012 ◽  
Vol 347 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Guo Shi ◽  
Wei-Jun Fu ◽  
Xiao-Xiong Wang ◽  
Yong-De Xu ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Urothelial Cells

scholarly journals Osteogenic potential of induced pluripotent stem cells from human adipose-derived stem cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Hsuan Mao ◽  
Chih-Hao Chen ◽  
Chien-Tzung Chen
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Nude Mice ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Germ Layers ◽  
Cell Source ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Abstract Background Bone regeneration is a crucial and challenging issue in clinical practice. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) with an optimal cell source may provide an ideal strategy for the reconstruction of bone defects. This study examined whether induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) could act as an osteogenic substitute and whether these ASC-iPSCs yield more new bone formation than ASCs in hydrogel scaffolds. Methods ASC-iPSCs were reprogrammed from ASCs through a retroviral system. ASCs were harvested and isolated from adipose tissue of humans. An aliquot of cell suspension (1 × 106 cells/mL) was seeded directly onto the nHAP-gelatin cryogel scaffolds. Nude mice back implantation of cell-seeded scaffolds was designed for in vivo comparison of osteogenic potentials between ASCs and ASC-iPSCs. Samples were harvested 4 and 8 weeks after implantation for further analysis based on histology and RT-PCR. Results ASC-iPSCs were successfully obtained from human adipose-derived stem cells. PCR results also showed that specific genes of iPSCs with the ability to cause the differentiation of cells into the three germ layers were expressed. In our in vivo experiments, iPSCs were subcutaneously injected into nude mice to induce teratoma formation. The morphology of the three germ layers was confirmed by histological staining. ASC is an essential cell source for BTE with benefits of high volume and less-invasive acquisition. With additional transforming Yamanaka factors, ASC-iPSCs showed higher osteogenic differentiation and elevated expression of collagen type I (Col I), osteocalcin (OCN), alkaline phosphate (ALP), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RunX-2). Conclusions This report suggests that ASC-iPSCs could be a superior cell source in BTE with better osteogenic differentiation efficacy for future clinical applications.

Osteoplasty in Disseminated Calvarial Defects Treated with Autologous Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Autologous Fibrin Glue: Case Report

Skull Base ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (S 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Lendeckel ◽  
A. Jödicke ◽  
P. Christophis ◽  
K. Heidinger ◽  
H.-P. Howaldt
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Fibrin Glue ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Autologous Fibrin Glue ◽  
Calvarial Defects
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