scholarly journals FE Based Vulnerability Assessment of Highway Bridges Exposed to Moderate Seismic Hazard

10.5772/55334 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mullen
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Highway Bridges

scholarly journals SEISMIC VULNERABILITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGES IN PAKISTAN

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-105
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khalid Hafiz ◽  
Qaiser-uz-Zaman Khan ◽  
Sohaib Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Concrete Bridges ◽  
Seismic Retrofitting ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Code Of Practice ◽  
Recent Earthquakes ◽  
Existing Bridges

Different researchers have performed seismic hazard assessment studies for Pakistan using faults sources which differ from Building Code of Pakistan (BCP 2007) with diverse standard deviations. The results of seismic hazard studies indicate that BCP requires gross revision considering micro and macro level investigations. The recent earthquakes in Pakistan also damaged bridge structures and some studies have been conducted by different researchers to investigate capacity of existing bridges. The most of bridge stock in Pakistan has been designed assuming seismic loads as 2%, 4% and 6% of dead loads following West Pakistan Code of Practice for Highway Bridges. The capacity of eight selected real bridges, two from each seismic zone 2A, 2B, 3 & 4 is checked against BCP demands. Static and dynamic analyses were performed and the piers were checked for elastic limits. It is established that piers are on lower side in capacity and the bridges in zone 2A are generally less vulnerable. Whereas the bridges in zone 2B, 3 and 4 are vulnerable from medium to very high level. Hence, an in-depth analytical vulnerability study of bridge stock particularly in high-risk zone needs to be conducted on priority and appropriate seismic retrofitting schemes need to be proposed.

Probabilistic Vulnerability Assessment of Horizontally Curved Multiframe RC Box-Girder Highway Bridges

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 04015038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Pahlavan ◽  
Behzad Zakeri ◽  
Gholamreza Ghodrati Amiri ◽  
Mohsenali Shaianfar
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Box Girder ◽  
Horizontally Curved

scholarly journals Protection of Cultural Heritage Buildings and Artistic Assets from Seismic Hazard: A Hierarchical Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara D’Alpaos ◽  
Maria Rosa Valluzzi
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Geometrical Properties ◽  
Artistic Assets

The occurrence of natural disasters such as earthquakes represent a worldwide challenge in the conservation of cultural heritage (CH), which suffer from damage due to high vulnerability conditions. Therefore, the protection of CH from seismic hazard is of paramount importance. Damage and vulnerability assessment of CH and artistic assets play a key role in the identification of conservation strategies. Effective strategies require the stabilization of severely damaged buildings and the preventive improvement of constructions structural response to seismic actions. Although the operation of emergency inspections is meant to classify buildings on the basis of buildings residual seismic capacity, investment decisions in restoration and conservation strategies of such vulnerable structures must take into consideration tangible and intangible values of both building structures and artistic goods as well as must combine objectives of verifying structural safety standards and preserving cultural heritage significance. Damage and vulnerability assessment depend on different criteria, which, on the one hand, are related to buildings structural characteristics, materials, and geometrical properties. On the other hand, to the peculiarities and uniqueness of artworks and artistic goods present on structural elements. In this paper, an AHP (absolute) model is proposed to rank multi-criteria prioritization of protection and restoration interventions on a set of 15 churches, which were damaged by earthquakes, occurring in Italy in the last decades. In detail, in order to structure the decision problem, identify key factors, and define the hierarchy, we conducted an extensive literature review and interviewed a pool of experts. Focus groups were organized to develop the set of criteria and sub-criteria and validate the hierarchy by dynamic discussion.

Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Fuel Storage Tanks in Italy

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio De Biagi ◽  
Bernardino Chiaia ◽  
Luca Fiorentini ◽  
Cristina Zannini Quirini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Fuel Storage ◽  
Normalized Parameters ◽  
The Masses

Seismic hazard represents one of the possible triggering causes for NaTech accidents in refineries and production plants. The vulnerability of steel storage tanks was evaluated within the framework of a rapid risk assessment. Tanks dataset is composed of 70 refinery items in located in various parts of Italy and the seismic calculations are performed in accordance to API 650 Annex E Standard. The paper summarizes the results of the investigation through two normalized parameters related to the masses and to the seismic load. Some trends in the solution are highlighted. The empirical fragility curve obtained from the analysis is compared with similar curves found in the literature and the resulting similarities (and dissimilarities) are critically discussed.

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