scholarly journals Systems for ex-vivo Isolation and Culturing of Neural Stem Cells

10.5772/55137 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Casarosa ◽  
Jacopo Zasso ◽  
Luciano Conti
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo

scholarly journals Dynamic integration of enteric neural stem cells in ex vivo organotypic colon cultures

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Navoly ◽  
Conor J. McCann
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Organotypic Culture ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Donor Cell ◽  
Colonic Tissue ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Enteric Ganglia ◽  
Donor Cells

AbstractEnteric neural stem cells (ENSC) have been identified as a possible treatment for enteric neuropathies. After in vivo transplantation, ENSC and their derivatives have been shown to engraft within colonic tissue, migrate and populate endogenous ganglia, and functionally integrate with the enteric nervous system. However, the mechanisms underlying the integration of donor ENSC, in recipient tissues, remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to examine ENSC integration using an adapted ex vivo organotypic culture system. Donor ENSC were obtained from Wnt1cre/+;R26RYFP/YFP mice allowing specific labelling, selection and fate-mapping of cells. YFP+ neurospheres were transplanted to C57BL6/J (6–8-week-old) colonic tissue and maintained in organotypic culture for up to 21 days. We analysed and quantified donor cell integration within recipient tissues at 7, 14 and 21 days, along with assessing the structural and molecular consequences of ENSC integration. We found that organotypically cultured tissues were well preserved up to 21-days in ex vivo culture, which allowed for assessment of donor cell integration after transplantation. Donor ENSC-derived cells integrated across the colonic wall in a dynamic fashion, across a three-week period. Following transplantation, donor cells displayed two integrative patterns; longitudinal migration and medial invasion which allowed donor cells to populate colonic tissue. Moreover, significant remodelling of the intestinal ECM and musculature occurred upon transplantation, to facilitate donor cell integration within endogenous enteric ganglia. These results provide critical evidence on the timescale and mechanisms, which regulate donor ENSC integration, within recipient gut tissue, which are important considerations in the future clinical translation of stem cell therapies for enteric disease.

scholarly journals Resilience to Transformation and Inherent Genetic and Functional Stability of Adult Neural Stem Cells Ex vivo

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 3725-3733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Foroni ◽  
Rossella Galli ◽  
Barbara Cipelletti ◽  
Andrea Caumo ◽  
Sara Alberti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Functional Stability ◽  
Adult Neural Stem Cells

scholarly journals Do Neural Stem Cells Have a Choice? Heterogenic Outcome of Cell Fate Acquisition in Different Injury Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Beyer ◽  
Iria Samper Agrelo ◽  
Patrick Küry
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Repair Capacity ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Limiting Parameters

The adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is generally considered as repair restricted organ with limited capacities to regenerate lost cells and to successfully integrate them into damaged nerve tracts. Despite the presence of endogenous immature cell types that can be activated upon injury or in disease cell replacement generally remains insufficient, undirected, or lost cell types are not properly generated. This limitation also accounts for the myelin repair capacity that still constitutes the default regenerative activity at least in inflammatory demyelinating conditions. Ever since the discovery of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) residing within specific niches of the adult brain, as well as the description of procedures to either isolate and propagate or artificially induce NSCs from various origins ex vivo, the field has been rejuvenated. Various sources of NSCs have been investigated and applied in current neuropathological paradigms aiming at the replacement of lost cells and the restoration of functionality based on successful integration. Whereas directing and supporting stem cells residing in brain niches constitutes one possible approach many investigations addressed their potential upon transplantation. Given the heterogeneity of these studies related to the nature of grafted cells, the local CNS environment, and applied implantation procedures we here set out to review and compare their applied protocols in order to evaluate rate-limiting parameters. Based on our compilation, we conclude that in healthy CNS tissue region specific cues dominate cell fate decisions. However, although increasing evidence points to the capacity of transplanted NSCs to reflect the regenerative need of an injury environment, a still heterogenic picture emerges when analyzing transplantation outcomes in injury or disease models. These are likely due to methodological differences despite preserved injury environments. Based on this meta-analysis, we suggest future NSC transplantation experiments to be conducted in a more comparable way to previous studies and that subsequent analyses must emphasize regional heterogeneity such as accounting for differences in gray versus white matter.

Differentiated human neural stem cells: a new ex vivo model to study HHV-6 infection of the central nervous system

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. S27-S32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia De Filippis ◽  
Chiara Foglieni ◽  
Sara Silva ◽  
Angelo Vescovi ◽  
Paolo Lusso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ex Vivo Model ◽  
Human Neural Stem Cells ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Neural Stem Cells Secreting Bispecific T Cell Engager to Induce Selective Anti-Glioma Activity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna C. Pituch ◽  
Markella Zanikou ◽  
Liliana Ilut ◽  
Ting Xiao ◽  
Michael Chastkofsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes ◽  
Primary Brain Tumor ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
Significant Survival

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain tumor in adults. There is no treatment that provides durable relief for the vast majority of GBM patients. In this study, we’ve tested a bispecific antibody comprised of single-chain variable regions (scFvs) against T cell CD3ε and GBM cell interleukin 13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13Rα2). We demonstrate that this BiTE (BiTELLON) engages peripheral and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes harvested from patient’s tumors, and in so doing exerts anti-GBM activity ex vivo. The interaction of BiTELLON with T cells and engagement of IL13Rα2-expressing GBM cells stimulates T cell proliferation as well as production of pro-inflammatory cytokines INFγ and TNFα. We have modified neural stem cells (NSCs) to produce and secrete the BiTE (NSCsLLON). When injected intracranially in mice with brain tumor, NSCsLLON show tropism for tumor, secrete BiTELLON, and remain viable for several days. When injected directly into tumor, NSCLLON provide significant survival benefit to mice bearing IL13Rα2+ GBM. Our results support further investigation and development of this therapeutic for clinical translation.

scholarly journals Dynamic integration of enteric neural stem cells in ex vivo organotypic colon cultures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Navoly ◽  
Conor J. McCann
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Organotypic Culture ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Donor Cell ◽  
Colonic Tissue ◽  
Colonic Wall ◽  
Donor Cells

AbstractEnteric neural stem cells (ENSC) have been identified as a possible treatment for enteric neuropathies. After in vivo transplantation, ENSC and their derivatives have been shown to engraft within colonic tissue, migrate and populate endogenous ganglia, and functionally integrate with the enteric nervous system. However, the mechanisms underlying the integration of donor ENSC, in recipient tissues, remains unclear. Here, using a modified ex vivo organotypic culture system we show that donor ENSC-derived cells integrate across the colonic wall in a dynamic fashion, across a three-week period. We further show that donor cells display two integrative patterns; longitudinal migration and medial invasion which allow donor cells to populate colonic tissue. Moreover, we demonstrate that significant remodelling of the intestinal ECM, and musculature, occurs upon transplantation to facilitate donor cell integration. Thus, our results provide critical evidence on the timescale, and mechanisms, which regulate donor ENSC integration within recipient gut tissue.

scholarly journals Ex Vivo VEGF Delivery by Neural Stem Cells Enhances Proliferation of Glial Progenitors, Angiogenesis, and Tissue Sparing after Spinal Cord Injury

PLoS ONE ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. e4987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyuk Min Kim ◽  
Dong Hoon Hwang ◽  
Jong Eun Lee ◽  
Seung U. Kim ◽  
Byung G. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Glial Progenitors ◽  
Tissue Sparing
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