scholarly journals Wnt Signaling Roles on the Structure and Function of the Central Synapses: Involvement in Alzheimer’s Disease

10.5772/54606 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nibaldo C. ◽  
Lorena Varela-Nallar
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Central Synapses ◽  
And Function

Neuroimaging Approaches for Elderly Studies

2017 ◽  
pp. 1576-1617
Author(s):  
Charis Styliadis ◽  
Panagiotis Kartsidis ◽  
Evangelos Paraskevopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cognitive Capacity ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Cerebral Structure ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Elderly Populations ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes

Advances in the field of neuroimaging have allowed for the examination of the effects of age-related changes on cognitive capacity in elderly populations. Structural techniques are now routinely used to report cortical atrophic rates in aging and particularly within the context of the Alzheimer's disease, and may be integrated with functional techniques which examine the functional characteristics of the cortex at rest and during the performance of a task. Despite advancing age cognitive function remains highly plastic, allowing for interventions that aim to maintain or even remediate its capacity and the mechanisms by which structure and function are altered among seniors. Overall, information on the integrity of the cerebral structure and function aid in the early detection and treatment of the Alzheimer's disease as well as the evaluation and track of the disease's progression. In this chapter, neuroimaging methods are presented along with findings that are particularly relevant for the study of neuroplasticity in the aging brain.

scholarly journals Multimodal MRI analysis of basal forebrain structure and function across the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 102495
Author(s):  
Meret Herdick ◽  
Martin Dyrba ◽  
Hans-Christian J. Fritz ◽  
Slawek Altenstein ◽  
Tommaso Ballarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Disease Spectrum ◽  
Multimodal Mri ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Brain and Retinal Abnormalities in the 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease at Early Stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengrong Zhang ◽  
Liting Zhong ◽  
Xiu Han ◽  
Guoyin Xiong ◽  
Di Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Pattern Electroretinogram ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
5Xfad Mouse ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain

One of the major challenges in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) is its early diagnosis. Increasing data from clinical and animal research indicate that the retina may facilitate an early diagnosis of AD. However, a previous study on the 5xFAD (a fast AD model), showing retinal changes before those in the brain, has been questioned because of the involvement of the retinal degeneration allele Pde6brd1. Here, we tested in parallel, at 4 and 6 months of age, both the retinal and the brain structure and function in a 5xFAD mouse line that carries no mutation of rd1. In the three tested regions of the 5xFAD brain (hippocampus, visual cortex, and olfactory bulb), the Aβ plaques were more numerous than in wild-type (WT) littermates already at 4 months, but deterioration in the cognitive behavioral test and long-term potentiation (LTP) lagged behind, showing significant deterioration only at 6 months. Similarly in the retina, structural changes preceded functional decay. At 4 months, the retina was generally normal except for a thicker outer nuclear layer in the middle region than WT. At 6 months, the visual behavior (as seen by an optomotor test) was clearly impaired. While the full-field and pattern electroretinogram (ERG) responses were relatively normal, the light responses of the retinal ganglion cells (measured with multielectrode-array recording) were decreased. Structurally, the retina became abnormally thick with few more Aβ plaques and activated glia cells. In conclusion, the timeline of the degenerative processes in the retina and the brain is similar, supporting the use of non-invasive methods to test the retinal structure and function to reflect changes in the brain for early AD diagnosis.

scholarly journals The Use of Ginkgo Biloba L. as a Neuroprotective Agent in the Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Nowak ◽  
Klaudyna Kojder ◽  
Joanna Zielonka-Brzezicka ◽  
Jacek Wróbel ◽  
Mateusz Bosiacki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Neuronal Structure ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Therapeutic Protocol ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
And Function

Alzheimer’s disease, a neurodegenerative disease, is one of the most common causes of dementia if elderly people worldwide. Alzheimer’s disease leads to the alienation of individuals and their exclusion from social and professional life. It is characterized mainly by the degradation of memory and disorientation, which occurs as a result of the loss of neuronal structure and function in different brain areas. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to use in the treatment of natural bioactive compounds that will be effective in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. G. biloba L. and its most frequently used standardized extract (EGb 761), have been used for many years in supportive therapy and in the prevention of cognitive disorders. The paper presents an overview of reports on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, as well as a summary of the properties of G. biloba extract and its effects on the possible pathogenesis of the disease. By exploring more about the pathogenesis of the disease and the benefits of G. biloba extract for patients with Alzheimer’s disease, it will be possible to create an individualized therapeutic protocol to optimize the treatment.

scholarly journals APOE genotype influences the gut microbiome structure and function in humans and mice: relevance for Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 8221-8231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tam T. T. Tran ◽  
Simone Corsini ◽  
Lee Kellingray ◽  
Claire Hegarty ◽  
Gwénaëlle Le Gall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Apoe Genotype ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
And Function
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