scholarly journals Forensic Issues in the Structural or Functional Neuroimaging of Traumatic Brain Injury

10.5772/51978 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Granacher
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging

scholarly journals Toward a Global and Reproducible Science for Brain Imaging in Neurotrauma: The ENIGMA Adult Moderate/Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Working Group

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Olsen ◽  
Talin Babikian ◽  
Erin D. Bigler ◽  
Karen Caeyenberghs ◽  
Virginia Conde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Neuroimaging Data

The global burden of mortality and morbidity caused by traumatic brain injury (TBI) is significant and the heterogeneity of TBI patients and the relatively small sample sizes of most current neuroimaging studies is a major challenge for scientific advances and clinical translation. The ENIGMA (Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis) Adult moderate/severe TBI (AMS-TBI) working group aims to be a driving force for new discoveries in AMS-TBI by providing researchers world-wide with an effective framework and platform for large-scale cross-border collaboration and data sharing. Based on the principles of transparency, rigor, reproducibility and collaboration, we will facilitate the development and dissemination of multiscale and big data analysis pipelines for harmonized analyses in AMS-TBI using structural and functional neuroimaging in combination with nonimaging biomarkers, genetics, as well as clinical and behavioral measures. Ultimately, we will offer investigators an unprecedented opportunity to test important hypotheses about recovery and morbidity in AMS-TBI by taking advantage of our robust methods for largescale neuroimaging data analysis. In this consensus statement we outline the working group’s short-term, intermediate, and long-term goals.

scholarly journals Functional Neuroimaging Distinguishes Posttraumatic Stress Disorder from Traumatic Brain Injury in Focused and Large Community Datasets

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e0129659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G. Amen ◽  
Cyrus A. Raji ◽  
Kristen Willeumier ◽  
Derek Taylor ◽  
Robert Tarzwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Large Community

scholarly journals 358 The relationship between serum biomarkers of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients discharged from the emergency department (ED) with a normal acute CT

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 822.1-822
Author(s):  
Daniel Whitehouse ◽  
Sophie Richter ◽  
Endre Czeiter ◽  
Stefan Winzeck ◽  
Evgenios N Kornaropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Intraventricular Haemorrhage ◽  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
List Type ◽  
Traumatic Lesion ◽  
T Tau ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Aims/Objectives/BackgroundCT remains the neuroimaging of choice in patients with TBI, however the relative lack of sensitivity as compared to MRI for certain traumatic lesion types, including diffuse axonal injury (DAI), could lead to missing important intracranial findings.1 Serum biomarkers may allow screening of ED patients, highlighting those who will benefit from MRI and offer a pathway for further imaging in mild TBI patients.Methods/DesignPatients discharged from ED with a panel of 6 biomarkers (GFAP, NFL, NSE, S100B, t-tau and UCH-L1), acute CT < 24 hrs of injury and acute MRI, were extracted from the CENTER-TBI core dataset.2 Mann Whitney U test to compare median biomarker levels in relation to +ve or –ve MRI. Unadjusted Area Under ROC (AUC) calculated for detection of MRI abnormality.Results/Conclusions80 patients met inclusion criteria, 45 (56%) male, median age 36.5 yr [IQR 24.5–51.3], median GCS 15 [IQR 15–15]. 17/80 (21.25%) had MRI abnormalities. 1 intraventricular haemorrhage, 2 traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhages, 3 intraparenchymal haemorrhages and 13 DAI. Of the biomarkers (median): GFAP (0.28 vs 1.88 ng/ml, p = 0.002), NSE (13.08 vs 15.19 ng/ml, p= 0.013), S100B (0.06 vs 0.12 µg/L, p=0.002), t-tau (0.82 vs 1.58 pg/ml, p=0.002), UCH-L1 (22.33 vs 57.68 pg/ml p<0.001) were significantly raised in patients with MRI abnormality. Serum NFL concentration was not significant (5.80 vs 8.18 pg/ml, p=0.096). AUC [95% CI] for detection of MRI abnormality: GFAP (0.75 [0.61–0.89]), NFL (0.63 [0.48–0.79]), NSE (0.70 [0.55–0.85]), S100B (0.75 [0.61–0.90]), tau (0.75 [0.61–0.89]), UCH-L1 (0.82 [0.69–0.95])The results demonstrate potential utility in several acute serum biomarkers for screening of patients with a negative CT. Fair discrimination for detection of MRI pathology in this cohort was demonstrated by GFAP, NSE, S100B, total tau and UCH-L1. Further prospective analysis is required to assess the utility for biomarkers to determine MRI requirement in an ED population.ReferencesMetting Z, Rödiger LA, De Keyser J, et al. Structural and functional neuroimaging in mild-to-moderate head injury. Lancet Neurol 2007;6:699–710. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(07)70191-6Maas AIR, Menon DK, Steyerberg EW, et al. Collaborative European neurotrauma effectiveness research in traumatic brain injury (CENTER-TBI): A prospective longitudinal observational study. Neurosurgery 2015;76:67–80. doi:10.1227/NEU.0000000000000575

scholarly journals Altruistic decisions following penetrating traumatic brain injury

Brain ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 1558-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Moll ◽  
Ricardo de Oliveira-Souza ◽  
Rodrigo Basilio ◽  
Ivanei Edson Bramati ◽  
Barry Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Insular Cortex ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Altruistic Punishment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Penetrating Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract The cerebral correlates of altruistic decisions have increasingly attracted the interest of neuroscientists. To date, investigations on the neural underpinnings of altruistic decisions have primarily been conducted in healthy adults undergoing functional neuroimaging as they engaged in decisions to punish third parties. The chief purpose of the present study was to investigate altruistic decisions following focal brain damage with a novel altruistic decision task. In contrast to studies that have focused either on altruistic punishment or donation, the Altruistic Decision Task allows players to anonymously punish or donate to 30 charitable organizations involved with salient societal issues such as abortion, nuclear energy and civil rights. Ninety-four Vietnam War veterans with variable patterns of penetrating traumatic brain injury and 28 healthy veterans who also served in combat participated in the study as normal controls. Participants were asked to invest $1 to punish or reward real societal organizations, or keep the money for themselves. Associations between lesion distribution and performance on the task were analysed with multivariate support vector regression, which enables the assessment of the joint contribution of multiple regions in the determination of a given behaviour of interest. Our main findings were: (i) bilateral dorsomedial prefrontal lesions increased altruistic punishment, whereas lesions of the right perisylvian region and left temporo-insular cortex decreased punishment; (ii) altruistic donations were increased by bilateral lesions of the dorsomedial parietal cortex, whereas lesions of the right posterior superior temporal sulcus and middle temporal gyri decreased donations; (iii) altruistic punishment and donation were only weakly correlated, emphasizing their dissociable neuroanatomical associations; and (iv) altruistic decisions were not related to post-traumatic personality changes. These findings indicate that altruistic punishment and donation are determined by largely non-overlapping cerebral regions, which have previously been implicated in social cognition and moral experience such as evaluations of intentionality and intuitions of justice and morality. 10.1093/brain/awy064_video1 awy064media1 5758316955001

Mild traumatic brain injury from primary blast vs. blunt forces: Post-concussion consequences and functional neuroimaging

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario F. Mendez ◽  
Emily M. Owens ◽  
Gholam Reza Berenji ◽  
Dominique C. Peppers ◽  
Li-Jung Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Primary Blast

scholarly journals Cognitive Improvement after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Measured with Functional Neuroimaging during the Acute Period

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e0126110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn R. Wylie ◽  
Kalev Freeman ◽  
Alex Thomas ◽  
Marina Shpaner ◽  
Michael OKeefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Cognitive Improvement

Functional Neuroimaging and Cognitive Rehabilitation for People with Traumatic Brain Injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Strangman ◽  
Therese M. O??Neil-Pirozzi ◽  
David Burke ◽  
Dana Cristina ◽  
Richard Goldstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging
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