scholarly journals Risk Factors, Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Ocular Toxoplasmosis

10.5772/50267 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Dupouy-Camet ◽  
Hana Talabani ◽  
Emmanuelle Delair ◽  
Florence Lesle ◽  
Helene Yera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ocular Toxoplasmosis

scholarly journals Ocular Toxoplasmosis among Livestock Farmers and Raw Meat Handlers in Uyo, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emem Godwin Abraham ◽  
Anietie Effiong Moses ◽  
Uwemedimbuk Smart Olugbemi O. Motilewa ◽  
Akaninyene Innocent Uwah ◽  
EmeIwatItina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Posterior Uveitis ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Ocular Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Raw Meat ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Livestock Farmers

BACKGROUND፡ Toxoplasmosis is the commonest cause of infectious posterior uveitis in humans and can lead to blindness and low vision in both immune-competent and immunecompromised persons worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Ocular Toxoplasmosis (OT) and potential risk factors among livestock farmers and raw meat handlers in Uyo.METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional communitybased study involving clinical eye examination, laboratory detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibody and HIV testing. Participants’ other information was obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaire.RESULTS: There were 339 participants aged 15-78 (mean 34.8±11.6) years,283 (83.5%) were males 56(16.5%) were females; 189 (55.8%) tested seropositive for anti-Toxo. gondiiIgG antibodies. Eight (2.4%) had presumed ocular toxoplasmosis (POT); 6 of the 8 were seropositive for anti T.gondiiIgG antibody; and 2 of the 8 POT (25%) were HIV-seropositive. Of the 189 who were anti-T.gondiiIgG antibody seropositive, 6 (3.2%) had OT. Factors associated with OT were age (31-50 years) and female gender (P = 0.049 and 0.001, respectively). HIV infection was associated with POT (P=0.033). Most of the ocular lesions (87.5%) were unilateral and located at the posterior pole (77.7%).CONCLUSION: The prevalence of presumed ocular toxoplasmosis (POT) and ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) among livestock farmers and raw meat handlers in Uyo are 2.4% and 1.8%, respectively. Potential risk factors are being female, and persons between fourth and fifth decades of life. Awareness creation on toxoplasmosis among this occupational group is advocated.

scholarly journals Clinical features and risk factors of patients with presumed ocular toxoplasmosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
UkamakaCelestina Fuh ◽  
AfekhideE Omoti ◽  
MalachiE Enock
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Ocular Toxoplasmosis

scholarly journals Ocular toxoplasmosis and host's immunogenetic risk factors: one decade of investigations

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
L. de Mattos ◽  
G. Faria ◽  
C.M. Ayo ◽  
F. Frederico ◽  
R.C. Siqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ocular Toxoplasmosis

Ocular toxoplasmosis: patient age and other risk factors for a severe course of disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
U PLEYER ◽  
M MäNZ ◽  
G FELS ◽  
S METZNER ◽  
D HAZIROLAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ocular Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Patient Âgé

scholarly journals Risk factors for ocular toxoplasmosis in Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. C. FERREIRA ◽  
C. C. BRANDÃO De MATTOS ◽  
F. B. FREDERICO ◽  
C. S. MEIRA ◽  
G. C. ALMEIDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Public Health Service ◽  
Ocular Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Ocular Diseases ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Undercooked Meat

SUMMARYThe aim of this study was to investigate risk factors for ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) in patients who received medical attention at a public health service. Three hundred and forty-nine consecutive patients, treated in the Outpatient Eye Clinic of Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo state, Brazil, were enrolled in this study. After an eye examination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. The results showed that 25·5% of the patients were seronegative and 74·5% were seropositive for IgG anti-T. gondii antibodies; of these 27·3% had OT and 72·7% had other ocular diseases (OOD). The presence of cats or dogs [odds ratio (OR) 2·22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·24–3·98, P = 0·009] and consumption of raw or undercooked meat (OR 1·77, 95% CI 1·05–2·98, P = 0·03) were associated with infection but not with the development of OT. Age (OT 48·2 ± 21·2 years vs. OOD: 69·5 ± 14·7 years, P < 0·0001) and the low level of schooling/literacy (OT vs. OOD: OR 0·414, 95% CI 0·2231–0·7692, P = 0·007) were associated with OT. The presence of dogs and cats as well as eating raw/undercooked meat increases the risk of infection, but is not associated with the development of OT.

scholarly journals High frequency of ocular toxoplasmosis in Quindío, Colombia and risk factors related to the infection

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e06659
Author(s):  
Jorge Enrique Gómez-Marín ◽  
Juliana Muñoz-Ortiz ◽  
Manuela Mejía-Oquendo ◽  
José Y. Arteaga-Rivera ◽  
Nicolás Rivera-Valdivia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Ocular Toxoplasmosis

Elevated level of circulatory sTLT1 induces inflammation through SYK/MEK/ERK signalling in coronary artery disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (22) ◽  
pp. 2283-2299
Author(s):  
Apabrita Ayan Das ◽  
Devasmita Chakravarty ◽  
Debmalya Bhunia ◽  
Surajit Ghosh ◽  
Prakash C. Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract The role of inflammation in all phases of atherosclerotic process is well established and soluble TREM-like transcript 1 (sTLT1) is reported to be associated with chronic inflammation. Yet, no information is available about the involvement of sTLT1 in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Present study was undertaken to determine the pathophysiological significance of sTLT1 in atherosclerosis by employing an observational study on human subjects (n=117) followed by experiments in human macrophages and atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (apoE)−/− mice. Plasma level of sTLT1 was found to be significantly (P<0.05) higher in clinical (2342 ± 184 pg/ml) and subclinical cases (1773 ± 118 pg/ml) than healthy controls (461 ± 57 pg/ml). Moreover, statistical analyses further indicated that sTLT1 was not only associated with common risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in both clinical and subclinical groups but also strongly correlated with disease severity. Ex vivo studies on macrophages showed that sTLT1 interacts with Fcɣ receptor I (FcɣRI) to activate spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK)-mediated downstream MAP kinase signalling cascade to activate nuclear factor-κ B (NF-kB). Activation of NF-kB induces secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from macrophage cells that plays pivotal role in governing the persistence of chronic inflammation. Atherosclerotic apoE−/− mice also showed high levels of sTLT1 and TNF-α in nearly occluded aortic stage indicating the contribution of sTLT1 in inflammation. Our results clearly demonstrate that sTLT1 is clinically related to the risk factors of CAD. We also showed that binding of sTLT1 with macrophage membrane receptor, FcɣR1 initiates inflammatory signals in macrophages suggesting its critical role in thrombus development and atherosclerosis.

The Preschool Stuttering Screen for Health Care Professionals

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Joseph Donaher ◽  
Christina Deery ◽  
Sarah Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Developmental Profile

Healthcare professionals require a thorough understanding of stuttering since they frequently play an important role in the identification and differential diagnosis of stuttering for preschool children. This paper introduces The Preschool Stuttering Screen for Healthcare Professionals (PSSHP) which highlights risk factors identified in the literature as being associated with persistent stuttering. By integrating the results of the checklist with a child’s developmental profile, healthcare professionals can make better-informed, evidence-based decisions for their patients.

Clinical Response to Questions Regarding Outcomes and Therapy Efficacy

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Donaher ◽  
Tom Gurrister ◽  
Irving Wollman ◽  
Tim Mackesey ◽  
Michelle L. Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Specific Therapy ◽  
Therapy Efficacy ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Adults Who Stutter ◽  
Cure Rates

Parents of children who stutter and adults who stutter frequently ask speech-language pathologists to predict whether or not therapy will work. Even though research has explored risk-factors related to persistent stuttering, there remains no way to determine how an individual will react to a specific therapy program. This paper presents various clinicians’answers to the question, “What do you tell parents or adults who stutter when they ask about cure rates, outcomes, and therapy efficacy?”

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