Urban Structure and Air Quality

How urban structure can affect city sustainability from an air quality perspective

Environmental Modelling & Software ◽

10.1016/j.envsoft.2004.07.009 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 461-467 ◽

Cited By ~ 108

Author(s):

C. Borrego ◽

H. Martins ◽

O. Tchepel ◽

L. Salmim ◽

A. Monteiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Urban Structure

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Linking Urban Structure and Air Quality

Transportation Land Use, Planning, and Air Quality ◽

10.1061/40960(320)21 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

H. Martins ◽

A. I. Miranda ◽

C. Borrego

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Urban Structure

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Investigation of CO2 Variation and Mapping Through Wearable Sensing Techniques for Measuring Pedestrians’ Exposure in Urban Areas

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12093936 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 3936 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ilaria Pigliautile ◽

Guido Marseglia ◽

Anna Laura Pisello

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Urban Structure ◽

Environmental Mapping ◽

Local Overheating ◽

Island Effect ◽

Innovative System ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2

Citizens’ wellbeing is mainly threatened by poor air quality and local overheating due to human-activity concentration and land-cover/surface modification in urban areas. Peculiar morphology and metabolism of urban areas lead to the well-known urban-heat-island effect, characterized by higher air temperature in cities than in their surroundings. The environmental mapping of the urban outdoors at the pedestrian height could be a key tool to identify risky areas for humans in terms of both poor-air-quality exposure and thermal comfort. This study proposes urban environment investigation through a wearable miniaturized weather station to get the spatial distribution of key parameters according to the citizens’ perspective. The innovative system monitors and traces the field values of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, such as air temperature and wind-speed values, which have been demonstrated to be related to outdoor wellbeing. The presented monitoring campaign focused on a two-way, two-lane road in Rome (Italy) during traffic rush hours on both working days and weekends. Collected data were analyzed with respect to timing and position, and possible correlations among different variables were examined. Results demonstrated the wearable system capability to catch pedestrian-exposure variability in terms of CO2 concentration and local overheating due to urban structure, highlighting potentials in the citizens’ involvement as observation vectors to extensively monitor urban environmental quality.

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Application of Electron Optics to Characterization of Particulate Pollutants

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010009508x ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 364-365

Author(s):

J. B. Moran ◽

J. L. Miller

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Quality Standards ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Hazardous Substances ◽

Fuel Additives ◽

Ambient Air Quality ◽

Air Quality Standards ◽

Emission Standards ◽

Stationary Sources ◽

Ambient Air Quality Standards

The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970 provide the basis for a dramatic change in Federal air quality programs. The Act establishes new standards for motor vehicles and requires EPA to establish national ambient air quality standards, standards of performance for new stationary sources of pollution, and standards for stationary sources emitting hazardous substances. Further, it establishes procedures which allow states to set emission standards for existing sources in order to achieve national ambient air quality standards. The Act also permits the Administrator of EPA to register fuels and fuel additives and to regulate the use of motor vehicle fuels or fuel additives which pose a hazard to public health or welfare.National air quality standards for particulate matter have been established. Asbestos, mercury, and beryllium have been designated as hazardous air pollutants for which Federal emission standards have been proposed.

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