scholarly journals Natural Gas Virtual-Pipeline for Alternative Energy Distribution

10.5772/48711 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Edgar Morales Udaeta ◽  
Jonathas Luiz de Oliveira Bernal ◽  
Luiz Claudio Ribeiro Galvao ◽  
Jose Aquiles Baesso Grimoni
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Alternative Energy

scholarly journals Ketahanan Energi Gas Alam Turki Pasca Konstruksi Tanap (Trans-Anatolian Pipeline)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-226
Author(s):  
Sandy Angga Hikmata ◽  
Muhamad Syauqillah
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
Energy Needs

Abstrak             Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang perubahan ketahanan energi Turki setelah TANAP (Trans-Anatolian Pipeline) berhasil dibangun di Turki pada Juni 2018. TANAP merupakan proyek yang dibangun atas kerjasama Turki dan Azerbaijan. Turki merupakan negara dengan kebutuhan energi yang sangat tinggi dan kebutuhan ini meningkat sebanyak 8% per tahunnya. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energinya, Turki sangat bergantung pada distribusi energi dari Rusia dalam bentuk gas alam. Namun, hubungan yang tidak stabil antara Rusia dan Ukraina membuat distribusi energi dari Rusia sering terhambat dan besarnya ketergatungan Turki terhadap sumber energi Rusia menyebabkan ketahanan energi Turki berada dalam kondisi yang tidak baik. Hal ini kemudian menggerakkan Turki untuk mencari sumber energi alternatif untuk mengatasi ketergantungan energi terhadap Rusia ini. Tesis ini pertama-tama akan menganalisa hubungan interdependensi dalam hubungan energi yang berpotensi bersifat asimetris antara Turki dan Rusia dan implikasi yang ditimbulkan dari hubungan asimetris ini. Setelah itu peneliti akan mengkaji pengaruh TANAP terhadap ketahanan energi gas alam di Turki dan pengaruhnya terhadap perubahan interdependensi antara kedua negara. TANAP ternyata tidak terlalu merubah interdependensi energi Turki terhadap Rusia secara signifikan. Abstract               This paper reviews the change of Turkey’s energy security after Turkey managed to construct TANAP (Trans-Anatolian Pipeline) at June 2018. TANAP is a project built within cooperation between Turkey and Azerbaijan. Turkey is a country with vast energy needs with average increase of 8% per year. To meet their energy needs, Turkey highly rely on energy from Russia’s natural-gas. However, fragile relation between Russia and Ukraine caused energy distribution from Russia agitated, and Turkey’s high reliance on Russia’s energy supply causing Turkey in a low energy security state. For this reason, Turkey is looking for alternative energy source to overcome their high reliance on Russia’s natural gas. This thesis firstly will analyze interdependence relationship in the context of energy between Turkey and Russia that potentially has asymmetric nature and the implication that could arises in that relationship. Afterwards, author will review how TANAP change Turkey’s natural-gas security and how it changes interdependency between the two countries. As a result, TANAP does not significantly change Turkey-Russia interdependence. 

scholarly journals THE CURRENT SITUATION AND WORLD TRENDS OF GREEN ENERGY DEVELOPMEN

2020 ◽  
Vol 1(13) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Kateryna Redko ◽  
◽  
Oleksandra Furs ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Alternative Sources

As demand for electricity grows significantly, the main drivers of new capacity are the disposal of older, less efficient fossil fuel units; the near-term prospect of having tax credits for renewable energy; and long-term reductions in capital costs for renewable energy, especially solar photovoltaic. Low natural gas prices and favorable renewable energy costs make natural gas and renewable energy the main sources of new generation capacity by 2050. The main purpose of the scientific article is to cover the main problems of the electricity market of Ukraine, to analyze the process of promotion of green energy, to highlight the cases when the transition to alternative sources is a profitable process, in the context of uncertainty and rising prices for traditional energy sources. The article uses a number of general scientific and specific research methods, including methods of analysis and synthesis, scientific deduction and induction. The practical significance of the research is to develop recommendations for improving the state's regulatory function in the field of alternative energy. The large-scale introduction of non-traditional renewable energy in Ukraine will make a significant step in reducing the country's energy dependency, protecting the environment and creating the conditions for a country to join the European community. The scientific novelty is to study the stimulation of energy production using alternative sources, to study the creation of favorable economic conditions for the construction of alternative energy facilities, the development of a "green" economy and to ensure sustainable development of Ukraine. Conclusions and prospects for further research. In Ukraine, the alternative energy sector is developing slowly, but some structural shifts are noticeable, though far from planned. Many small and medium-sized enterprises have already installed solar panels in order to reduce the cost of production and generate additional profits. Further research requires the search for tools and mechanisms in the RES incentive system, with an assessment of the economic impact of their use, using modeling and forecasting methods and models. Keywords: electricity market, energy efficiency, energy intensity of the economy, renewable energy, green tariff

Construction and Implementation of the Off-Grid Zero Emissions Building

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Kramer ◽  
Brenton Greska ◽  
Anjaneyulu Krothapalli
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Office Space

This paper deals with the construction and implementation of the Off-Grid Zero Emissions Building (OGZEB), a project undertaken by the Energy Sustainability Center (ESC), formally the Sustainable Energy Science and Engineering Center (SESEC), at the Florida State University (FSU). The project involves the design, construction and operation of a completely solar-powered building that achieves LEED-NC (Leadership in Energy and Environment Design-New Construction) platinum certification. The 1064 square foot building is partitioned such that 800 square feet is a two bedroom, graduate student style flat with the remaining 264 square feet serving as office space. This arrangement allows the building to serve as an energy efficient model for campus designers in student living and office space. The building also serves as a prototype for developing and implementing cutting edge, alternative energy technologies in both residential and commercial settings. For example, hydrogen is used extensively in meeting the energy needs of the OGZEB. In lieu of high efficiency batteries, the excess electricity produced by the buildings photovoltaic (PV) panels is used to generate hydrogen via water electrolysis for long term energy storage. The hydrogen is stored on-site until needed for either generating electricity in a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack or combusted in natural gas appliances that have been modified for hydrogen use. The use of hydrogen in modified natural gas appliances, such as an on-demand hot water heater and cook top, is unique to the OGZEB. This paper discusses the problems and solutions that arose during construction and includes detailed schematics of the OGZEBs energy system.

scholarly journals Economic Profitability of a Hybrid Approach to Powering Residual Households from Natural Sources in Two Wind Zones of the Lubuskie Voivodeship in Poland

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6869
Author(s):  
Piotr Kułyk ◽  
Łukasz Augustowski
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Current Stage

The research was a response to the search for alternative energy sources and the assessment of their profitability and legitimacy of use. The assessment used combined energy sources in the form of wind, solar, and natural gas energy. The research was carried out in various locations with varying degrees of sunlight and in various wind zones, which was motivated by the adopted strategy of increasing the importance of non-conventional energy sources and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The evaluation was performed using the Homer Grid software. The studies showed the justification for the use of hybrid energy sources, combining renewable and non-renewable sources, at the current stage of development. In the conditions of the Lubuskie Voivodeship, the level of insolation was more important than the more favourable wind zone in such a model. Higher economic efficiency of the hybrid model was obtained in the southern location, with slightly less favourable conditions for wind installations. At the same time, the investments were economically profitable and allowed for their return in the perspective of at least eleven years, even at current prices.

scholarly journals Low-Emission Alternative Energy for Transport in the EU: State of Play of Research and Innovation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7764
Author(s):  
Alejandro Ortega ◽  
Konstantinos Gkoumas ◽  
Anastasios Tsakalidis ◽  
Ferenc Pekár
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
The Eu

The 2030 Climate target plan of the European Commission (EC) establishes a greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions reduction target of at least 55% by 2030, compared to 1990. It highlights that all transport modes—road, rail, aviation and waterborne—will have to contribute to this aim. A smart combination of vehicle/vessel/aircraft efficiency improvements, as well as fuel mix changes, are among the measures that can reduce GHG emissions, reducing at the same time noise pollution and improving air quality. This research provides a comprehensive analysis of recent research and innovation in low-emission alternative energy for transport (excluding hydrogen) in selected European Union (EU)-funded projects. It considers the latest developments in the field, identifying relevant researched technologies by fuel type and their development phase. The results show that liquefied natural gas (LNG) refueling stations, followed by biofuels for road transport and alternative aviation fuels, are among the researched technologies with the highest investments. Methane-based fuels (e.g., compressed natural gas (CNG), LNG) have received the greatest attention concerning the number of projects and the level of funding. By contrast, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) only has four ongoing projects. Alcohols, esters and ethers, and synthetic paraffinic and aromatic fuels (SPF) are in between. So far, road transport has the highest use of alternative fuels in the transport sector. Despite the financial support from the EU, advances have yet to materialize, suggesting that EU transport decarbonization policies should not consider a radical or sudden change, and therefore, transition periods are critical. It is also noteworthy that there is no silver bullet solution to decarbonization and thus the right use of the various alternative fuels available will be key.

scholarly journals Economic and mathematical model of selecting a gas supply system based on biomethane and natural gas

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1388-1396
Author(s):  
Denis Yu. Suslov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Critical Length ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Reduced Costs ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Gas Supply

Introduction. A promising direction in the development of gas supply systems, which is widely used in the developed countries of the world, is the use of an alternative energy source — biomethane. The effective use of biomethane requires the development of scientific provisions and recommendations for the use of biomethane gas supply systems, taking into account technical and economic factors. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an economic and mathematical model for choosing a gasification method and determining the area of rational use of gas supply systems with biomethane. Materials and methods. To develop an economic and mathematical model for choosing a method for gasification of settlements, methods of mathematical modeling and parametric optimization were used. The implementation of the economic and mathematical model was carried out in the Mathcad software package. Mathematical and graphic processing of the results obtained was carried out. Results. An economic and mathematical model was developed for determining the rational area of application of biome­thane for gas supply to settlements. The model is based on the technical and economic calculation of the reduced costs for gas supply systems with network natural gas and biomethane. Using the developed model, the technical parameters of the biomethane gas supply system were determined: the critical length of the gas pipeline branch, the radius of the biomethane plant, the biomethane consumption, the length of the gas pipeline for the biomethane supply, and the reduced costs to the gas supply system. A graph of the dependence of the critical length of the gas pipeline branch on the population size has been obtained, which makes it possible to determine the area of rational use of biomethane for gas supply to settlements. It was found that for a rural settlement with a population of 5,000 people, the critical length of the gas pipeline branch is 24.820–28.044 km, for an urban-type settlement with a population of 15,000 people, the length of the gas pipeline branch is 50.923–64.677 km, and for a city with a population of 30,000 people — 89.617–127.279 km. Conclusions. The results obtained can be used for the development and design of gas supply systems based on biomethane for the gasification of settlements remote from the main gas pipelines. The use of biomethane makes it possible to gasify settlements in developed agricultural regions and to increase the efficiency of the gas transportation system of the Russian Federation.

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