scholarly journals Traditional and Modern Medicine Harmonizing the Two Approaches in the Treatment of Neurodegeneration (Alzheimer’s Disease – AD)

10.5772/48558 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowirrat Abdalla ◽  
Mustafa Yassin ◽  
Menachem Abir ◽  
Bishara Bisharat ◽  
Zaher Armaly
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Modern Medicine

scholarly journals Combining entity co-occurrence with specialized word embeddings to measure entity relation in Alzheimer’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (S5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Go Eun Heo ◽  
Qing Xie ◽  
Min Song ◽  
Jeong-Hoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Ranking Method ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Word Embeddings ◽  
Random Indexing ◽  
Meaningful Relationships

Abstract Background Extracting useful information from biomedical literature plays an important role in the development of modern medicine. In natural language processing, there have been rigorous attempts to find meaningful relationships between entities automatically by co-occurrence-based methods. It has been increasingly important to understand whether relationships exist, and if so how strong, between any two entities extracted from a large number of texts. One of the defining methods is to measure semantic similarity and relatedness between two entities. Methods We propose a hybrid ranking method that combines a co-occurrence approach considering both direct and indirect entity pair relationship with specialized word embeddings for measuring the relatedness of two entities. Results We evaluate the proposed ranking method comparatively with other well-known methods such as co-occurrence, Word2Vec, COALS (Correlated Occurrence Analog to Lexical Semantics), and random indexing by calculating top-ranked entities related to Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, we analyze gene, pathway, and gene–phenotype relationships. Overall, the proposed method tends to find more hidden relationships than the other methods. Conclusion Our proposed method is able to select more useful related entities that not only highly co-occur but also have more indirect relations for the target entity. In pathway analysis, our proposed method shows superior performance at identifying (functional) cross clustering and higher-level pathways. Our proposed method, resulting from phenotype analysis, has an advantage in identifying the common genotype relating to phenotypes from biological literature.

scholarly journals A IS FOR AMYLOID

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
D.J. Selkoe
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
The Brain ◽  
The Eu

In the age of COVID-19, we are reminded that despite the enormous strides modern medicine has made against acute infectious pathogens, we can still be overwhelmed. And in the field of chronic non-infectious diseases of the brain, we, too, have been traveling a long and unpredictable road. For years, there has been a sense of pessimism about the halting march toward disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer’s disease. But recent events may have begun to part the clouds. In this issue of JPAD, Aisen et al. (1), representing the EU/US CTAD 2019 Task Force, provide a thoughtful perspective on progress in certain anti-amyloid trials and the resultant lessons for our next steps toward success.

Multifunctional hybrid sulfonamides as novel therapeutic agents for Alzheimer’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 3161-3178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayala Swetha ◽  
Devendra Kumar ◽  
Sukesh K Gupta ◽  
Ankit Ganeshpurkar ◽  
Ravi Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Aggregation Assay ◽  
Aβ Aggregation ◽  
Confocal Fluorescence Imaging

Aim: A breakthrough in modern medicine, in terms of treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, is yet to be seen, as the scene is currently plagued with numerous clinical trial failures. Here, we are exploring multifunctional hybrid sulfonamides for their anti-Alzheimer activity due to the complex nature of the disease. Results & methodology: Compound 41 showed significant inhibition of MMP-2 (IC50: 18.24 ± 1.62 nM), AChE (IC50: 4.28 ± 0.15 μM) and BuChE (IC50: 1.32 ± 0.02 μM). It also exhibited a metal-chelating property, as validated by an in vitro metal-induced Aβ aggregation assay using confocal fluorescence imaging. Whereas, MTT and DPPH assays revealed it to be nontoxic and neuroprotective with substantial antioxidant property. Conclusion: The present study puts forth potent yet nontoxic lead molecules, which foray into the field of multitargeted agents for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

scholarly journals Feline cognitive dysfunction as a model for Alzheimer’s disease in the research of CBD as a potential treatment—a narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilach Zadik-Weiss ◽  
Sivan Ritter ◽  
Vered Hermush ◽  
Nethanel Asher ◽  
Avi Avital ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Preclinical Trials

AbstractWith the improvement in modern medicine, the world’s human and feline (Felis catus, the domestic cat) population is aging. As the population grows older, there is an increase of age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease in humans and feline cognitive dysfunction in felines, which shares many similarities with Alzheimer’s disease. They both result in cognitive decline and lack effective treatments. In light of their pathological similarities, both occur at old age, and as domestic cats share the human environment and risk factors (cats are considered an indicator to the effect of environmental contaminants on humans as they share exposures and diseases), cats have the potential to be a spontaneous model for Alzheimer’s disease. Classic animal models in many cases fail to predict the results in humans, and a natural model can lead to better prediction of results, thus being both time and cost-effective. The feline disease can be researched in trials that could be simultaneously clinical trials for cats and preclinical trials for humans, also referred to as reverse translational medicine. As both maladies lack effective medical intervention, new potential treatments are merited. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a promising agent that may improve the life of these patients, as it was shown to potentially treat several of the pathologies found in both conditions. yet there is a need for further research in order to establish the benefits and safety of CBD to both human and feline patients.

scholarly journals Improved Alzheimer’s Disease Detection by MRI Using Multimodal Machine Learning Algorithms

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2103
Author(s):  
Gopi Battineni ◽  
Mohmmad Amran Hossain ◽  
Nalini Chintalapudi ◽  
Enea Traini ◽  
Venkata Rao Dhulipalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Supervised Classifiers

Adult-onset dementia disorders represent a challenge for modern medicine. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) represents the most diffused form of adult-onset dementias. For half a century, the diagnosis of AD was based on clinical and exclusion criteria, with an accuracy of 85%, which did not allow for a definitive diagnosis, which could only be confirmed by post-mortem evaluation. Machine learning research applied to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques can contribute to a faster diagnosis of AD and may contribute to predicting the evolution of the disease. It was also possible to predict individual dementia of older adults with AD screening data and ML classifiers. To predict the AD subject status, the MRI demographic information and pre-existing conditions of the patient can help to enhance the classifier performance. In this work, we proposed a framework based on supervised learning classifiers in the dementia subject categorization as either AD or non-AD based on longitudinal brain MRI features. Six different supervised classifiers are incorporated for the classification of AD subjects and results mentioned that the gradient boosting algorithm outperforms other models with 97.58% of accuracy.

Cognitive control constrains memory attributions

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen M. Kelley ◽  
Larry L. Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cognitive Control

Abstract Cognitive control constrains retrieval processing and so restricts what comes to mind as input to the attribution system. We review evidence that older adults, patients with Alzheimer's disease, and people with traumatic brain injury exert less cognitive control during retrieval, and so are susceptible to memory misattributions in the form of dramatic levels of false remembering.

Formation of paired helical filaments in Alzheimer's disease

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 302-303
Author(s):  
J. Metuzals ◽  
D. F. Clapin ◽  
V. Montpetit
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Giant Axon ◽  
Paired Helical Filaments ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Protein Assemblies ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Helical Symmetry ◽  
Structural Levels

Information on the conformation of paired helical filaments (PHF) and the neurofilamentous (NF) network is essential for an understanding of the mechanisms involved in the formation of the primary lesions of Alzheimer's disease (AD): tangles and plaques. The structural and chemical relationships between the NF and the PHF have to be clarified in order to discover the etiological factors of this disease. We are investigating by stereo electron microscopic and biochemical techniques frontal lobe biopsies from patients with AD and squid giant axon preparations. The helical nature of the lesion in AD is related to pathological alterations of basic properties of the nervous system due to the helical symmetry that exists at all hierarchic structural levels in the normal brain. Because of this helical symmetry of NF protein assemblies and PHF, the employment of structure reconstruction techniques to determine the conformation, particularly the handedness of these structures, is most promising. Figs. 1-3 are frontal lobe biopsies.

Computer-aided methods for 3-D visualization of serial sections and thick biological specimens

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1060-1061
Author(s):  
Mark Ellisman ◽  
Maryann Martone ◽  
Gabriel Soto ◽  
Eleizer Masliah ◽  
David Hessler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Neuritic Plaque ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Molecular Physiology ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

Structurally-oriented biologists examine cells, tissues, organelles and macromolecules in order to gain insight into cellular and molecular physiology by relating structure to function. The understanding of these structures can be greatly enhanced by the use of techniques for the visualization and quantitative analysis of three-dimensional structure. Three projects from current research activities will be presented in order to illustrate both the present capabilities of computer aided techniques as well as their limitations and future possibilities.The first project concerns the three-dimensional reconstruction of the neuritic plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. We have developed a software package “Synu” for investigation of 3D data sets which has been used in conjunction with laser confocal light microscopy to study the structure of the neuritic plaque. Tissue sections of autopsy samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease were double-labeled for tau, a cytoskeletal marker for abnormal neurites, and synaptophysin, a marker of presynaptic terminals.

Liquid crystalline ordering of paired helical filaments in neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 348-349
Author(s):  
D.F. Clapin ◽  
V.J.A. Montpetit
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Neurofibrillary Tangles ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Amyloid Fibrils ◽  
Geometric Analysis ◽  
Paired Helical Filaments ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Regular Spacing

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal filamentous proteins. The most important of these are amyloid fibrils and paired helical filaments (PHF). PHF are located intraneuronally forming bundles called neurofibrillary tangles. The designation of these structures as "tangles" is appropriate at the light microscopic level. However, localized domains within individual tangles appear to demonstrate a regular spacing which may indicate a liquid crystalline phase. The purpose of this paper is to present a statistical geometric analysis of PHF packing.

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