scholarly journals Role and Function of Dehydrogenases in CNS and Blood-Brain Barrier Pathophysiology

10.5772/48338 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Naik ◽  
S. Prasad ◽  
L. Cucullo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
And Function ◽  
Role And Function

Structure and function of the blood–brain barrier

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Joan Abbott ◽  
Adjanie A.K. Patabendige ◽  
Diana E.M. Dolman ◽  
Siti R. Yusof ◽  
David J. Begley
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Pseudogene ACTBP2 increases blood–brain barrier permeability by promoting KHDRBS2 transcription through recruitment of KMT2D/WDR5 in Aβ1–42 microenvironment

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianshuo Liu ◽  
Xiaobai Liu ◽  
Defeng Zhao ◽  
Xuelei Ruan ◽  
Rui Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Bbb Permeability ◽  
Novel Target ◽  
And Function

AbstractThe blood–brain barrier (BBB) has a vital role in maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). Changes in the structure and function of BBB can accelerate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development. β-Amyloid (Aβ) deposition is the major pathological event of AD. We elucidated the function and possible molecular mechanisms of the effect of pseudogene ACTBP2 on the permeability of BBB in Aβ1–42 microenvironment. BBB model treated with Aβ1–42 for 48 h were used to simulate Aβ-mediated BBB dysfunction in AD. We proved that pseudogene ACTBP2, RNA-binding protein KHDRBS2, and transcription factor HEY2 are highly expressed in ECs that were obtained in a BBB model in vitro in Aβ1–42 microenvironment. In Aβ1–42-incubated ECs, ACTBP2 recruits methyltransferases KMT2D and WDR5, binds to KHDRBS2 promoter, and promotes KHDRBS2 transcription. The interaction of KHDRBS2 with the 3′UTR of HEY2 mRNA increases the stability of HEY2 and promotes its expression. HEY2 increases BBB permeability in Aβ1–42 microenvironment by transcriptionally inhibiting the expression of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5. We confirmed that knocking down of Khdrbs2 or Hey2 increased the expression levels of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-5 in APP/PS1 mice brain microvessels. ACTBP2/KHDRBS2/HEY2 axis has a crucial role in the regulation of BBB permeability in Aβ1–42 microenvironment, which may provide a novel target for the therapy of AD.

Overview of the Structure and Function of the Blood-Brain Barrier in vivo

2001 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Fenstermacher ◽  
Tavarekere Nagaraja ◽  
Kenneth R. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals The Drosophila blood-brain barrier: development and function of a glial endothelium

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Limmer ◽  
Astrid Weiler ◽  
Anne Volkenhoff ◽  
Felix Babatz ◽  
Christian Klämbt
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
And Function

The Role of Glia in the Formation and Function of the Blood-Brain Barrier

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Istvan Krizbai ◽  
Imola Wilhelm ◽  
Hans-Christian Bauer ◽  
Hannelore Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Topic Area ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Digitally Enhanced ◽  
And Function

This is a digitally enhanced text. Readers can also see the coverage of this topic area in the second edition of Neuroglia. The second edition of Neuroglia was first published digitally in Oxford Scholarship Online and the bibliographic details provided, if cited, will direct people to that version of the text. Readers can also see the coverage of this topic area in the ...

Development and Cell Biology of the Blood-Brain Barrier

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 591-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urs H. Langen ◽  
Swathi Ayloo ◽  
Chenghua Gu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Cns Drug Delivery ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Barrier Formation ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Barrier Regulation ◽  
And Function

The vertebrate vasculature displays high organotypic specialization, with the structure and function of blood vessels catering to the specific needs of each tissue. A unique feature of the central nervous system (CNS) vasculature is the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB regulates substance influx and efflux to maintain a homeostatic environment for proper brain function. Here, we review the development and cell biology of the BBB, focusing on the cellular and molecular regulation of barrier formation and the maintenance of the BBB through adulthood. We summarize unique features of CNS endothelial cells and highlight recent progress in and general principles of barrier regulation. Finally, we illustrate why a mechanistic understanding of the development and maintenance of the BBB could provide novel therapeutic opportunities for CNS drug delivery.

Blood–brain Barrier: Structural Components and Function Under Physiologic and Pathologic Conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Persidsky ◽  
Servio H. Ramirez ◽  
James Haorah ◽  
Georgette D. Kanmogne
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Effect of human immunodeficiency virus on blood-brain barrier integrity and function: an update

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata Subba Rao Atluri ◽  
Melissa Hidalgo ◽  
Thangavel Samikkannu ◽  
Kesava Rao Venkata Kurapati ◽  
Rahul Dev Jayant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Barrier Integrity ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
And Function ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier Integrity

scholarly journals Disruption of Glial Ca2+ Oscillations at the Drosophila Blood-Brain Barrier Predisposes to Seizure-Like Behavior

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Weiss ◽  
Lauren C. Clamon ◽  
Julia E. Manoim ◽  
Kiel G. Ormerod ◽  
Moshe Parnas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Neuronal Development ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Distinct Population ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain

AbstractGlia play key roles in regulating multiple aspects of neuronal development and function from invertebrates to humans. We recently found microdomain Ca2+ signaling in Drosophila cortex glia and astrocytes regulate extracellular K+ buffering and neurotransmitter uptake, respectively. Here we identify a role for ER store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) in perineurial glia (PG), a distinct population that contributes to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). PG show a diverse range of Ca2+ oscillatory activity that varies based on their locale within the brain. Unlike cortex glia and astrocytes, PG Ca2+ oscillations do not require extracellular Ca2+ and are blocked by inhibition of SOCE or gap junctions. Disruption of these components triggers heat shock and mechanical-induced seizure-like episodes without effecting PG morphology or large molecule BBB permeability. These findings indicate SOCE-mediated Ca2+ oscillations in PG increase the susceptibility of seizure-like episodes in Drosophila, providing an additional link between glial Ca2+ signaling and neuronal activity.

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