scholarly journals Electrochemical Cells with the Liquid Electrolyte in the Study of Semiconductor, Metallic and Oxide Systems

10.5772/39007 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery Vassiliev ◽  
Weiping Gong
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Electrochemical Cells ◽  
Oxide Systems

scholarly journals Separators and electrolytes for rechargeable batteries: Fundamentals and perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Nestler ◽  
Elsa Roedern ◽  
Nikolai F. Uvarov ◽  
Juliane Hanzig ◽  
Giuseppe Antonio Elia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Electrochemical Cells ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Push Forward ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Composite Solid

Abstract Separators and electrolytes provide electronic blockage and ion permeability between the electrodes in electrochemical cells. Nowadays, their performance and cost is often even more crucial to the commercial use of common and future electrochemical cells than the chosen electrode materials. Hence, at the present, many efforts are directed towards finding safe and reliable solid electrolytes or liquid electrolyte/separator combinations. With this comprehensive review, the reader is provided with recent approaches on this field and the fundamental knowledge that can be helpful to understand and push forward the developments of new electrolytes for rechargeable batteries. After presenting different types of separators as well as the main hurdles that are associated with them, this work focuses on promising material classes and concepts for next-generation batteries. First, chemical and crystallographic concepts and models for the description and improvement of the ionic conductivity of bulk and composite solid electrolytes are outlined. To demonstrate recent perspectives, research highlights have been included in this work: magnesium borohydride-based complexes for solid-state Mg batteries as well as all-in-one rechargeable SrTiO3 single-crystal energy storage. Furthermore, ionic liquids pose a promising safe alternative for future battery cells. An overview on their basic principles and use is given, demonstrating their applicability for Li-ion systems as well as for so-called post-Li chemistries, such as Mg- and Al-ion batteries.

Quasiperiodic interfaces: HREM observations of grain and phase boundaries

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
K. L. Merkle
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Misfit Dislocations ◽  
Oxide Systems ◽  
Atomic Structures ◽  
Periodic Arrays ◽  
Parameter Ratio ◽  
Metal Metal

The atomic structures of internal interfaces have recently received considerable attention, not only because of their importance in determining many materials properties, but also because the atomic structure of many interfaces has become accessible to direct atomic-scale observation by modem HREM instruments. In this communication, several interface structures are examined by HREM in terms of their structural periodicities along the interface.It is well known that heterophase boundaries are generally formed by two low-index planes. Often, as is the case in many fcc metal/metal and metal/metal-oxide systems, low energy boundaries form in the cube-on-cube orientation on (111). Since the lattice parameter ratio between the two materials generally is not a rational number, such boundaries are incommensurate. Therefore, even though periodic arrays of misfit dislocations have been observed by TEM techniques for numerous heterophase systems, such interfaces are quasiperiodic on an atomic scale. Interfaces with misfit dislocations are semicoherent, where atomically well-matched regions alternate with regions of misfit. When the misfit is large, misfit localization is often difficult to detect, and direct determination of the atomic structure of the interface from HREM alone, may not be possible.

Single Molecule Solid State Light Emitting Electrochemical Cells with Lifetimes Superior to 3000 Hours

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk Bolink ◽  
Rubén D. Costa ◽  
Enrique Orti ◽  
Michele Sessolo ◽  
Stefan Graber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Electrochemical Cells ◽  
Light Emitting

Intensification of Extraction of Thermolabile Organic Polymers into a Liquid Electrolyte

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
R. Sh. Vainberg ◽  
S. A. Bogdanov ◽  
N. D. Butskii
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Organic Polymers

Enhanced Ion Transport in an Ether Aided Super Concentrated Ionic Liquid Electrolyte for Long-Life Practical Lithium Metal Battery Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urbi Pal ◽  
Fangfang Chen ◽  
Derick Gyabang ◽  
Thushan Pathirana ◽  
Binayak Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Ionic Liquid Electrolyte ◽  
Lithium Metal Battery

We explore a novel ether aided superconcentrated ionic liquid electrolyte; a combination of ionic liquid, <i>N</i>-propyl-<i>N</i>-methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (C<sub>3</sub>mpyrFSI) and ether solvent, <i>1,2</i> dimethoxy ethane (DME) with 3.2 mol/kg LiFSI salt, which offers an alternative ion-transport mechanism and improves the overall fluidity of the electrolyte. The molecular dynamics (MD) study reveals that the coordination environment of lithium in the ether aided ionic liquid system offers a coexistence of both the ether DME and FSI anion simultaneously and the absence of ‘free’, uncoordinated DME solvent. These structures lead to very fast kinetics and improved current density for lithium deposition-dissolution processes. Hence the electrolyte is used in a lithium metal battery against a high mass loading (~12 mg/cm<sup>2</sup>) LFP cathode which was cycled at a relatively high current rate of 1mA/cm<sup>2</sup> for 350 cycles without capacity fading and offered an overall coulombic efficiency of >99.8 %. Additionally, the rate performance demonstrated that this electrolyte is capable of passing current density as high as 7mA/cm<sup>2</sup> without any electrolytic decomposition and offers a superior capacity retention. We have also demonstrated an ‘anode free’ LFP-Cu cell which was cycled over 50 cycles and achieved an average coulombic efficiency of 98.74%. The coordination chemistry and (electro)chemical understanding as well as the excellent cycling stability collectively leads toward a breakthrough in realizing the practical applicability of this ether aided ionic liquid electrolytes in lithium metal battery applications, while delivering high energy density in a prototype cell.

A versatile structure of light-emitting electrochemical cells for printed electronics

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 084002
Author(s):  
Yuki Tanaka ◽  
Jiang Pu ◽  
Taishi Takenobu
Keyword(s):  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Electrochemical Cells ◽  
Light Emitting

Photo-Current Enhancement at Cu/p-Cu2O/rGO- Electrolyte Interface

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P.A.U.K. Samarakoon ◽  
C.A.N. Fernando
Keyword(s):  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Time Development ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Electrochemical Cells ◽  
Current Action ◽  
Electrolyte Interface ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Efficient Charge ◽  
Photo Current

A considerable photo-current enhancement was found at the Cu/p-Cu2O/rGO-electrolyte interface in a photo-electrochemical cell with compared to that of Cu/p-Cu2O-electrolyte interface. The reason for the photo-current enhancement may be due to the efficient charge separation process provided at Cu/p-Cu2O/rGO-electrolyte interface. Here rGO (reduced graphene oxide) acts as an electron acceptor for the photo-generated charge carriers as it readily accept electrons from the conduction band of p-Cu2O. rGO was synthesized using electro-phoretic deposition (EPD) technique. Fabricated samples were characterized using diffuse reflectance spectra, photo-current action spectra and the time development of the photocurrent of photo-electrochemical cells.

Evaluation of an Inquiry-Based Virtual Lab for Junior High School Science Classes

2021 ◽  
pp. 073563312110015
Author(s):  
Ting-Ling Lai ◽  
You-Sheng Lin ◽  
Chi-Yin Chou ◽  
Hsiu-Ping Yueh
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
School Science ◽  
High School Science ◽  
Electrochemical Cells ◽  
Head Mounted Display ◽  
Science Classes ◽  
Desktop Vr ◽  
Experimental Group

The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an inquiry-based virtual reality (VR) science lab used in junior high school science classes. The Scientific Investigation VR Lab (SIVRLAB) is designed for 9th-grade students to learn about electrochemical cells. It is situated in a guided problem-solving context, where learners need to review the concept of oxidation-reduction reactions and assemble a voltaic cell to save a robot. The SIVRLAB features several cognitive supports and guides for students to plan and record experiments and resolve the problem. It has both a head-mounted display (HMD) version and a desktop VR version. The study recruited 66 9th graders from three classes to evaluate the two versions of the SIVRLAB. The students were assigned to one of three conditions, namely, (1) using immersive HMD SIVRLAB individually, (2) using desktop SIVRLAB individually, and (3) observing one student use immersive HMD SIVRLAB. The students were briefly introduced to the concept of electrochemical cells in the first class and were instructed to use the SIVRLAB sessions in the next class. The results from knowledge pre- and post-tests, a user experience survey, and students’ reflections were collected and analyzed qualitatively. The findings revealed that students who used the desktop VR obtained the highest test scores among the three groups. However, in the follow-up physical laboratory test, the performance of the students in the original HMD VR experimental group was better than those in the desktop VR experimental group. The paper also discusses student feedback and teacher observations regarding the design and interaction with immersive VR. Lastly, the implications of the study and recommendations for future studies are presented.

scholarly journals The Equilibrium Phase Formation and Thermodynamic Properties of Functional Tellurides in the Ag–Fe–Ge–Te System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1314
Author(s):  
Mykola Moroz ◽  
Fiseha Tesfaye ◽  
Pavlo Demchenko ◽  
Myroslava Prokhorenko ◽  
Nataliya Yarema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromotive Force ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Cells ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Positive Electrodes ◽  
Gibbs Energies ◽  
Buffer Region ◽  
First Time

Equilibrium phase formations below 600 K in the parts Ag2Te–FeTe2–F1.12Te–Ag2Te and Ag8GeTe6–GeTe–FeTe2–AgFeTe2–Ag8GeTe6 of the Fe–Ag–Ge–Te system were established by the electromotive force (EMF) method. The positions of 3- and 4-phase regions relative to the composition of silver were applied to express the potential reactions involving the AgFeTe2, Ag2FeTe2, and Ag2FeGeTe4 compounds. The equilibrium synthesis of the set of phases was performed inside positive electrodes (PE) of the electrochemical cells: (−)Graphite ‖LE‖ Fast Ag+ conducting solid-electrolyte ‖R[Ag+]‖PE‖ Graphite(+), where LE is the left (negative) electrode, and R[Ag+] is the buffer region for the diffusion of Ag+ ions into the PE. From the observed results, thermodynamic quantities of AgFeTe2, Ag2FeTe2, and Ag2FeGeTe4 were experimentally determined for the first time. The reliability of the division of the Ag2Te–FeTe2–F1.12Te–Ag2Te and Ag8GeTe6–GeTe–FeTe2–AgFeTe2–Ag8GeTe6 phase regions was confirmed by the calculated thermodynamic quantities of AgFeTe2, Ag2FeTe2, and Ag2FeGeTe4 in equilibrium with phases in the adjacent phase regions. Particularly, the calculated Gibbs energies of Ag2FeGeTe4 in two different adjacent 4-phase regions are consistent, which also indicates that it has stoichiometric composition.

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