scholarly journals Autotransfusion: Therapeutic Principles, Efficacy and Risks

10.5772/35754 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.W.M.M. Koopman-van
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Principles

scholarly journals Fixed-Dose Combination of NSAIDs and Spasmolytic Agents in the Treatment of Different Types of Pain—A Practical Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3118
Author(s):  
Magdalena Janczura ◽  
Małgorzata Kobus-Moryson ◽  
Szymon Sip ◽  
Marcin Żarowski ◽  
Agnieszka Wareńczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Fixed Dose Combination ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Principles ◽  
Spasmolytic Agents ◽  
Dose Combination ◽  
Disease Entities ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Significant Therapeutic Effect

This review presents the most common disease entities in which combinations of NSAIDs and spasmolytic drugs are used to reduce pain. The benefits of fixed-dose combination products (FDCs) are that they improve the response in people with insufficient monotherapy. Using the synergy or additive effect of drugs, it is possible to obtain a significant therapeutic effect and faster action with the use of smaller doses of individual drugs. In addition, one active ingredient may counteract adverse reactions from the other. Another essential aspect of the use of FDCs is the improvement of medical adherence due to the reduction in the pill burden on patients. It is also possible to develop a fixed-dosed combination product de novo to address a new therapeutic claim and be protected by patents so that the manufacturer can obtain exclusive rights to sell a particular FDC or a formulation thereof. The proposed fixed-dose combinations should always be based on valid therapeutic principles and consider the combined safety profile of all active substances included in the medicinal product. This review aims to identify which combinations of NSAIDs and spasmolytics have been developed and tested and which combinations are still under development.

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: pathophysiology and therapeutic principles

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Bayo ◽  
Paula J. Fonseca ◽  
Susana Hernando ◽  
Sonia Servitja ◽  
Aitana Calvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Therapeutic Principles

scholarly journals Clinical pharmacists: the benefits for psychiatric trainees

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 690-692
Author(s):  
Graeme Yorston ◽  
Evelyn McPhail
Keyword(s):  
Medical Student ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Pharmacy Services ◽  
Appropriate Use ◽  
Practical Advice ◽  
Therapeutic Principles ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
Pharmaceutical Representatives

Psychiatric trainees' knowledge and understanding of the therapeutic principles underlying the appropriate use of psychotropic medication comes from many sources. They receive a grounding in neuropharmacology as a medical student and this is updated and expanded by attendance at a university lecture course in preparation for the MRCPsych examinations. Practical advice is handed down by supervising consultants and is augmented by reference to standard textbooks and research literature. Pharmaceutical representatives occasionally provide useful information though this may be biased, concentrating on specific drugs in isolation and without comparisons to competitors. Because of the variety and uneveness of these sources there is a risk, especially in the earlier years of training that knowledge is patchy, impractical or unsoundly based on dogmatic or out of date advice. There have been calls for training in psychopharmacology to be improved and suggestions as to how this may be achieved (Ferrier & Cooper, 1994). This paper describes the clinical pharmacy services in Fife and their value in improving the knowledge and practice of therapeutics amongst psychiatric trainees.

THERAPEUTIC PRINCIPLES FOR STREPTOCOCCUS VIRIDANS INFECTIONS: RECURRENT BACTERIAL ENDOCARDITIS IN A CHILD WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-708
Author(s):  
Welton M. Gersony ◽  
Alexander S. Nadas
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Bacterial Endocarditis ◽  
Intravenous Therapy ◽  
Phenoxymethyl Penicillin ◽  
Serum Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Principles ◽  
Penicillin Therapy ◽  
Principles Of Treatment

A case of recurrent bacterial endocarditis due to a relatively resistant alpha streptococcus is reviewed. The following general principles of treatment are recommended: 1. Intravenous penicillin therapy should be instituted in all instances. 2. Should serum bactericidal levels indicate the organism to be extremely sensitive (< 0.1 units/ml) oral phenoxymethyl penicillin (Penicillin-V) may be substituted after 3 weeks. 3. In cases infected with organisms sensitive to greater than 0.1 units/ml, intravenous therapy should be continued for 6 weeks and streptomycin added for 2 weeks. 4. When facilities for studying penicillin sensitivity and serum bactericidal activity are not available, the intravenous penicillin-streptomycin regime is recommended.

Tranquility: An evaluation and co-design of an internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (iCBT) program for anxiety and depression (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alissa Pencer ◽  
Victoria C. Patterson ◽  
Meghan A. Rossi ◽  
Lori Wozney
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Therapeutic Principles ◽  
Preliminary Study

BACKGROUND Internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (iCBT) is a necessary step towards increasing the accessibility of mental health services. Yet, few iCBT programs have been evaluated for their fidelity to therapeutic principles of CBT or usability standards. Additionally, many existing iCBT programs do not include treatments targeting both anxiety and depression – commonly co-occurring conditions. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the usability and fidelity of Tranquility, a novel iCBT program for anxiety, to CBT principles, and engage in a co-design process to adapt Tranquility to include treatment elements for depression. METHODS CBT experts (n = 6) and mental health informed peers (n = 6) reviewed the iCBT program Tranquility. CBT experts assessed Tranquility’s fidelity to CBT principles and were asked to identify necessary interventions for depression using two simulated client case examples. Mental health informed peers engaged in two co-design focus groups to discuss adaptations to the existing anxiety program and the integration of interventions for depression. Both groups completed online surveys assessing Tranquility’s usability and the likelihood that they would recommend the program. RESULTS CBT experts’ mean rating of Tranquility’s fidelity to CBT was 91%, indicating a high fidelity to CBT. Five out of six CBT experts and all mental health informed peers (88% of participants) rated Tranquility as satisfactory, indicating that they may recommend Tranquility to others, and they rated its usability highly (M = 76.56, SD = 14.07). Mental health informed peers provided suggestions about how to leverage engagement with Tranquility (e.g., add incentives, notification control). CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study demonstrated Tranquility’s strong fidelity to CBT and usability standards. Results highlight the importance of involving stakeholders in the co-design process and future opportunities to increase engagement.

Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horacio J Adrogué ◽  
Nicolaos E Madias
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Respiratory Acidosis ◽  
Respiratory Alkalosis ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Acid Base Equilibrium ◽  
Therapeutic Principles ◽  
The Impact

Respiratory acid-base disorders are those disturbances in acid-base equilibrium that are expressed by a primary change in CO2 tension (Pco2) and reflect primary changes in the body’s CO2 stores (i.e., carbonic acid). A primary increase in Pco2 (and a primary increase in the body’s CO2 stores) defines respiratory acidosis or primary hypercapnia and is characterized by acidification of the body fluids. By contrast, a primary decrease in Pco2 (and a primary decrease in the body’s CO2 stores) defines respiratory alkalosis or primary hypocapnia and is characterized by alkalinization of the body fluids. Primary changes in Pco2 elicit secondary physiologic changes in plasma [HCO3ˉ] that are directional and proportional to the primary changes and tend to minimize the impact on acidity. This review presents the pathophysiology, secondary physiologic response, causes, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapeutic principles of respiratory acidosis and respiratory alkalosis.  This review contains 4 figures, 3 tables, and 59 references. Key words: Respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, primary hypercapnia, primary hypocapnia, hypoxemia, pseudorespiratory alkalosis

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document