scholarly journals Immuno-Glyco-Imaging in Plant Cells: Localization of Cell Wall Carbohydrate Epitopes and Their Biosynthesizing Enzymes

10.5772/35313 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Laure Follet-Gueye ◽  
Mollet Jean-Claude ◽  
Vicr-Gibouin Mat ◽  
Bernard Sophie ◽  
Chevalier Laurence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Carbohydrate Epitopes

Enrichment of vitronectin- and fibronectin-like proteins in NaCI-adapted plant cells and evidence for their involvement in plasma membrane-cell wall adhesion

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Kang Zhu ◽  
Jun Shi ◽  
Utpal Singh ◽  
Sarah E. Wyatt ◽  
Ray A. Bressan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Membrane Cell

scholarly journals Ionic Relations of Cells of Ohara Australis I. Ion Exchange in the Cell Wall

1959 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Dainty ◽  
AB Hope
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
External Solution ◽  
Exchangeable Cations ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Donnan Free Space ◽  
Isolated Cell

Measurements of ion exchange were made between isolated cell walls of Ohara australis and an external solution. Comparison between intact cells and cell walls showed that nearly all the easily exchangeable cations are located in the cell wall. The wall is hown to consist of "water free space" (W.F.S.) and "Donnan free space" (D.F.S.); the concentration of in diffusible anions in the D.F.S. is about O� 6 equivjl. This finding is contrary to past suggestions that the D.F.S. is in the cytoplasm of plant cells.

scholarly journals Thermodynamics of irreversible plant cell growth

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Pietruszka ◽  
Sylwia Lewicka ◽  
Krystyna Pazurkiewicz-Kocot
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Growth Equation ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Linear Solution ◽  
Non Linear

The time-irreversible cell enlargement of plant cells at a constant temperature results from two independent physical processes, e.g. water absorption and cell wall yielding. In such a model cell growth starts with reduction in wall stress because of irreversible extension of the wall. The water absorption and physical expansion are spontaneous consequences of this initial modification of the cell wall (the juvenile cell vacuolate, takes up water and expands). In this model the irreversible aspect of growth arises from the extension of the cell wall. Such theory expressed quantitatively by time-dependent growth equation was elaborated by Lockhart in the 60's.The growth equation omit however a very important factor, namely the environmental temperature at which the plant cells grow. In this paper we put forward a simple phenomenological model which introduces into the growth equation the notion of temperature. Moreover, we introduce into the modified growth equation the possible influence of external growth stimulator or inhibitor (phytohormones or abiotic factors). In the presence of such external perturbations two possible theoretical solutions have been found: the linear reaction to the application of growth hormones/abiotic factors and the non-linear one. Both solutions reflect and predict two different experimental conditions, respectively (growth at constant or increasing concentration of stimulator/inhibitor). The non-linear solution reflects a common situation interesting from an environmental pollution point of view e.g. the influence of increasing (with time) concentration of toxins on plant growth. Having obtained temperature modified growth equations we can draw further qualitative and, especially, quantitative conclusions about the mechanical properties of the cell wall itself. This also concerns a new and interesting result obtained in our model: We have calculated the magnitude of the cell wall yielding coefficient (T) [m<sup>3</sup> J<sup>-1</sup>•s<sup>-1</sup>] in function of temperature which has acquired reasonable numerical value throughout.

CELL WALL CARBOHYDRATE EPITOPES IN THE GREEN ALGAOEDOGONIUM BHARUCHAEF.MINOR(OEDOGONIALES, CHLOROPHYTA)1

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1257-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Estevez ◽  
Patricia I. Leonardi ◽  
Josefina S. Alberghina
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Carbohydrate Epitopes

Methods to quantify primary plant cell wall mechanics

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (14) ◽  
pp. 3615-3648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir J Bidhendi ◽  
Anja Geitmann
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Modeling ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Testing Techniques ◽  
Cell Wall Mechanics

Abstract The primary plant cell wall is a dynamically regulated composite material of multiple biopolymers that forms a scaffold enclosing the plant cells. The mechanochemical make-up of this polymer network regulates growth, morphogenesis, and stability at the cell and tissue scales. To understand the dynamics of cell wall mechanics, and how it correlates with cellular activities, several experimental frameworks have been deployed in recent years to quantify the mechanical properties of plant cells and tissues. Here we critically review the application of biomechanical tool sets pertinent to plant cell mechanics and outline some of their findings, relevance, and limitations. We also discuss methods that are less explored but hold great potential for the field, including multiscale in silico mechanical modeling that will enable a unified understanding of the mechanical behavior across the scales. Our overview reveals significant differences between the results of different mechanical testing techniques on plant material. Specifically, indentation techniques seem to consistently report lower values compared with tensile tests. Such differences may in part be due to inherent differences among the technical approaches and consequently the wall properties that they measure, and partly due to differences between experimental conditions.

scholarly journals DNA nanostructures coordinate gene silencing in mature plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (15) ◽  
pp. 7543-7548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Zhang ◽  
Gozde S. Demirer ◽  
Honglu Zhang ◽  
Tianzheng Ye ◽  
Natalie S. Goh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Dna Nanostructures ◽  
Dna Nanostructure ◽  
The Impact

Delivery of biomolecules to plants relies onAgrobacteriuminfection or biolistic particle delivery, the former of which is amenable only to DNA delivery. The difficulty in delivering functional biomolecules such as RNA to plant cells is due to the plant cell wall, which is absent in mammalian cells and poses the dominant physical barrier to biomolecule delivery in plants. DNA nanostructure-mediated biomolecule delivery is an effective strategy to deliver cargoes across the lipid bilayer of mammalian cells; however, nanoparticle-mediated delivery without external mechanical aid remains unexplored for biomolecule delivery across the cell wall in plants. Herein, we report a systematic assessment of different DNA nanostructures for their ability to internalize into cells of mature plants, deliver siRNAs, and effectively silence a constitutively expressed gene inNicotiana benthamianaleaves. We show that nanostructure internalization into plant cells and corresponding gene silencing efficiency depends on the DNA nanostructure size, shape, compactness, stiffness, and location of the siRNA attachment locus on the nanostructure. We further confirm that the internalization efficiency of DNA nanostructures correlates with their respective gene silencing efficiencies but that the endogenous gene silencing pathway depends on the siRNA attachment locus. Our work establishes the feasibility of biomolecule delivery to plants with DNA nanostructures and both details the design parameters of importance for plant cell internalization and also assesses the impact of DNA nanostructure geometry for gene silencing mechanisms.

scholarly journals Plasmodesmata-Related Structural and Functional Proteins: The Long Sought-After Secrets of a Cytoplasmic Channel in Plant Cell Walls

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Han ◽  
Li-Jun Huang ◽  
Dan Feng ◽  
Wenhan Jiang ◽  
Wenzhuo Miu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Cell Contact ◽  
Plant Cell Walls ◽  
Cell Organelles

Plant cells are separated by cellulose cell walls that impede direct cell-to-cell contact. In order to facilitate intercellular communication, plant cells develop unique cell-wall-spanning structures termed plasmodesmata (PD). PD are membranous channels that link the cytoplasm, plasma membranes, and endoplasmic reticulum of adjacent cells to provide cytoplasmic and membrane continuity for molecular trafficking. PD play important roles for the development and physiology of all plants. The structure and function of PD in the plant cell walls are highly dynamic and tightly regulated. Despite their importance, plasmodesmata are among the few plant cell organelles that remain poorly understood. The molecular properties of PD seem largely elusive or speculative. In this review, we firstly describe the general PD structure and its protein composition. We then discuss the recent progress in identification and characterization of PD-associated plant cell-wall proteins that regulate PD function, with particular emphasis on callose metabolizing and binding proteins, and protein kinases targeted to and around PD.

Involvement of JIM13- and JIM8-Responsive Carbohydrate Epitopes in Early Stages of Cell Wall Formation

1999 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Butowt ◽  
A Niklas ◽  
MI Rodriguez-Garcia ◽  
A Majewska-Sawka
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Formation ◽  
Wall Formation ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Carbohydrate Epitopes
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