scholarly journals Living Mulch as a Tool to Control Weeds in Agroecosystems: A Review

Weed Control ◽  
10.5772/35226 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.R. Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Living Mulch

Establishing white clover (Trifolium repens) as a living mulch: weed control and herbicide tolerance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Nicholas T. Basinger ◽  
Nicholas S. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Living Mulch ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Weed Emergence

Abstract With the increasing focus on herbicide-resistant weeds and the lack of introduction of new modes of action, many producers have turned to annual cover crops as a tool for reducing weed populations. Recent studies have suggested that perennial cover crops such as white clover could be used as living mulch. However, white clover is slow to establish and is susceptible to competition from winter weeds. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine clover tolerance and weed control in established stands of white clover to several herbicides. Studies were conducted in the fall and winter of 2018 to 2019 and 2019 to 2020 at the J. Phil Campbell Research and Education Center in Watkinsville, GA, and the Southeast Georgia Research and Education Center in Midville, GA. POST applications of imazethapyr, bentazon, or flumetsulam at low and high rates, or in combination with 2,4-D and 2,4-DB, were applied when clover reached 2 to 3 trifoliate stage. Six weeks after the initial POST application, a sequential application of bentazon and flumetsulam individually, and combinations of 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, and flumetsulam were applied over designated plots. Clover biomass was similar across all treatments except where it was reduced by sequential applications of 2,4-D + 2,4-DB + flumetsulam in the 2019 to 2020 season indicating that most treatments were safe for use on establishing living mulch clover. A single application of flumetsulam at the low rate or a single application of 2,4-D + 2,4-DB provided the greatest control of all weed species while minimizing clover injury when compared to the non-treated check. These herbicide options allow for control of problematic winter weeds during clover establishment, maximizing clover biomass and limiting canopy gaps that would allow for summer weed emergence.

Legume living mulch for afforestation in agricultural land in Southern Spain

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
R NAVARROCERRILLO ◽  
D ARIZA ◽  
L GONZALEZ ◽  
A DELCAMPO ◽  
M ARJONA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Living Mulch

Effects of Tillage and Mulch on Weed Biomass and Sweet Corn Yield

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L. Mohler
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Living Mulch ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
No Till

Sweet corn was grown with a living mulch of white clover, a dead mulch of rye, and without mulch, in both till and no-till conditions. Unplanted controls were also included in the experimental design. Corn yields were highest in clover treatments early in the experiment but lowest in later years. The declining yields in the clover living mulch were related to the strip application of glyphosate which allowed establishment of perennial and biennial weeds, notably dandelion and horseweed. These overwintering weeds apparently prevented effective control of summer annuals, especially redroot pigweed, common lambsquarters and large crabgrass, by atrazine and metolachlor. Presence of a rye mulch decreased weed biomass and had no detrimental effect on corn yield. In general, corn yield was not affected by tillage, although the number of marketable ears was reduced in the no-till treatments during the drought year of 1988. The much greater weed biomass in the unplanted control treatments showed the importance of crop competition for weed control in sweet corn cropping systems.

Impact of Kura Clover Living Mulch on Nitrous Oxide Emissions in a Corn-Soybean System

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1782-1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Turner ◽  
John M. Baker ◽  
Timothy J. Griffis ◽  
Rodney T. Venterea
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Living Mulch ◽  
Kura Clover

scholarly journals Impact of direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems on soil nematodes in a long-term experiment in Madagascar

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 949-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Villenave ◽  
Bodovololona Rabary ◽  
Jean-Luc Chotte ◽  
Eric Blanchart ◽  
Djibril Djigal
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Living Mulch ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Kikuyu Grass ◽  
Structure Indices

The objective of this work was to assess the effects of conventional tillage and of different direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems (DMC) on soil nematofauna characteristics. The long-term field experiment was carried out in the highlands of Madagascar on an andic Dystrustept soil. Soil samples were taken once a year during three successive years (14 to 16 years after installation of the treatments) from a 0-5-cm soil layer of a conventional tillage system and of three kinds of DMC: direct seeding on mulch from rotation soybean-maize residues; direct seeding of maize-maize rotation on living mulch of silverleaf (Desmodium uncinatum); direct seeding of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)-soybean rotation on living mulch of kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum). The samples were compared with samples from natural fallows. The soil nematofauna, characterized by the abundance of different trophic groups and indices (MI, maturity index; EI and SI, enrichment and structure indices), allowed the discrimination of the different cropping systems. The different DMC treatments had a more complex soil food web than the tillage treatment: SI and MI were significantly greater in DMC systems. Moreover, DMC with dead mulch had a lower density of free-living nematodes than DMC with living mulch, which suggested a lower microbial activity.

scholarly journals Strawberry Living Mulch in an Organic Vineyard

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1643
Author(s):  
Davide Neri ◽  
Serena Polverigiani ◽  
Matteo Zucchini ◽  
Veronica Giorgi ◽  
Fabio Marchionni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Spatial Competition ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Living Mulch ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
One Year

A living mulch system can provide beneficial biodiversified phytocoenoses and spatial competition against weeds; however, it may also compete for water with the main cultivated crop under Mediterranean climate conditions. Strawberries employed as living mulch in a rain-fed hill vineyard of central Italy were evaluated for two years through a participative approach involving the farmer. A local wild strawberry was propagated by stolons to obtain small plantlets easily uprooted after the summer and then transplanted to a one-year-old vineyard. The densities of two and four strawberry plants per grapevine were compared with no living mulch in a randomized complete block design. A horizontal blade weeder was used once a year in all treatments. The results showed that strawberries as living mulch plus application of a blade weeder avoided the need for further soil tillage and assured a full soil cover during winter for both initial planting densities. The strawberry living mulch did not alter the grapevine transpiration during an incident of water stress in summer. Moreover, the yield per vine and the grape quality were comparable with those of the soil without living mulch. The growth of strawberry mulch was relevant in the area surrounding the vines. Furthermore, the living mulch guaranteed a constant soil cover reducing the risk for soil erosion while increasing the vineyard’s biological diversity. This may imply a higher resilience.

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