scholarly journals Emerging Issues in Deep Vein Thrombosis; (DVT) in Liver Disease and in Developing Countries

10.5772/33966 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farjah H. ◽  
Abdel Galil Abdel Gader
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Deep Vein

Travel Medicine

2012 ◽  
pp. 495-515
Author(s):  
Abinash Virk
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Travel Medicine ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Political ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Altitude Sickness ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein

Travel between developing countries and developed countries is increasing every year. Approximately 880 million passengers arrived at international airports in 2009. The increase in travel to Africa has outpaced the increase for all other regions by almost twice, with the rate of growth reaching 8.1% in 2006. Asian and Pacific Rim countries continue to hold substantial travel interest. Travel to the Middle East has kept pace with travel growth despite the political instability there. More people are traveling to destinations that present higher risks of infectious diseases. Knowledge of prevention measures for preventable diseases becomes increasingly important. Management of posttravel illness becomes increasingly important. Subjects covered include preparation for travel, deep vein thrombosis prevention, motion sickness, jet lag, altitude sickness, vaccination and immunization, and traveler's diarrhea.

ACQUIRED RISK FACTORS AND DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS IN SYMPTOMATIC OUT PATIENTS

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Prandoni ◽  
A W A Lensing ◽  
G Zambon ◽  
A Breda ◽  
S Cuppini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Estrogen Therapy ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein

Previous studies revealed a number of acquired risk factors predisposing to acute deep vein-thrombosis (DVT). Unfortunately many of these clinical or epidemiologic studies were not proper designed, since they didn't include consecutive patients, used no or different types of objective endpoints or collected the data retrospectively. In a prospective trial we evaluated 307 consecutive out-patients with clinically suspected DVT by using ascending venography, which confirmed suspicion in 136 (44%). A history of prior thrombotic episodes as well as factors predisposing to DVT including advancing age, obesity, smoking habits, cancer, chronic lung and/or heart disease, immobilization, pregnancy, childbirth, chronic liver disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), nephrotic syndrome, varicose veins, fractures or trauma or chronic arteriopathies of the legs, diabetes mellitus (DM), recent surgery and estrogen therapy were recorded in all patients. The results of our comparison of these risk factors with the outcome of venography indicate clearly a significant difference (chi-square test) between patients with and without DVT for the following: -previous documented thromboembolism, cancer (p < 0.01); -chronic lung and/or heart disease, age > 65 years, immobilization (p < 0.05). The frequency of pregnancy, childbirth, nephrotic syndrome and chronic liver disease among our patients was too low for providing sufficiently narrow confidence limits. Surprisingly the presence of varicose veins will decrease the possibility of DVT (p < 0.01). In all patients (n=3) affected by SLE clinical suspicion was confirmed. Obesity, smoking habits, recent trauma or fracture or chronic artheriopathies of the legs, DM, recent surgery and estrogen therapy were not associated with an increased risk of thrombosis, since their presence in both groups was approximately the same.

Feasibility Study of Catheter-directed Thrombolysis with Recombinant Staphylokinase in Deep Venous Thrombosis

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (03) ◽  
pp. 517-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephane Heymans ◽  
Raymond Verhaeghe ◽  
Luc Stockx ◽  
Désiré Collen
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Continuous Infusion ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Minor Bleeding ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Catheter Directed Thrombolysis ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Valve Function ◽  
Rotating Impeller ◽  
Deep Vein

SummaryThe feasibility of catheter-directed thrombolysis with recombinant staphylokinase was evaluated in six selected patients with deep vein thrombosis. The patients underwent intrathrombus infusion of recombinant staphylokinase (2 mg bolus followed by a continuous infusion of 1 mg/h). Heparin was given via the catheter as a bolus (5000 U) and as a continuous infusion (1000 U/h). Complete lyis was obtained in five patients and partial lysis in one patient. Complications consisted of minor bleeding in four subjects. Symptomatic reocclusion occurred in one. Debulking of the thrombus mass by a high speed rotating impeller (n = 1) and stenting (n = 3) were used as additional interventions. An underlying anatomical abnormality was present in two patients. Long term follow up revealed normal patency in all patients and normal valve function in four patients. Symptomatic venous insufficiency with valve dysfunction was present in the two with a second thrombotic episode.Thus catheter-directed infusion of recombinant staphylokinase in patients with deep vein thrombosis appears feasible and may be associated with a high frequency of thrombolysis. Larger studies to define the clinical benefit of this treatment appear to be warranted.

Deep Vein Thrombosis and Fibrinolysis

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (04) ◽  
pp. 426-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Levi ◽  
Anthonie W A Lensing ◽  
Harry R Büller ◽  
Paolo Prandoni ◽  
Gerard Dooijewaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Deep Vein

SummaryIn the present study 57 consecutive patients with a first episode of venographically proven deep vein thrombosis were investigated to evaluate the release of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) in response to DDAVP stimulation as well as the resting plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) concentration, comparing this to the results obtained in 66 similar patients with a clinical suspicion of thrombosis but with a normal venogram. All assays were performed without knowledge of the patient's status.Four patients in the deep vein thrombosis-group (7%) had an absent u-PA antigen response upon DDAVP infusion, while a normal response was observed in all control subjects. Patients and controls showed similar increases in t-PA antigen level upon DDAVP. High resting PAI antigen levels were encountered in 5 patients in the deep vein thrombosis-group (9%) and in 6 subjects in the control group (9%).The results from this controlled study indicate that a defective release of u-PA may occur in patients with deep vein thrombosis and may have pathogenetic significance. Furthermore it is concluded that elevation of PAI levels cannot be considered as a specific risk factor for venous thrombosis.

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