scholarly journals The Importance of Biosphere Reserve In Nature Protection and the Situation In Turkey

The Biosphere ◽  
10.5772/33859 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibel Saricam ◽  
Umit Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Nature Protection

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis between the Role of Local Communities in Regional Development inside Japanese and Russian UNESCO’s Biosphere Reserves: Case Studies of Mount Hakusan and Katunskiy Biosphere Reserves

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10422
Author(s):  
Aida Mammadova ◽  
Christopher D. Smith ◽  
Tatiana Yashina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Biosphere Reserves ◽  
The Government

The United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization has designated the Man and Biosphere Program to foster a better relationship between the environment and people. The topic of this study is to elucidate the role of local communities in the regional development of Biosphere Reserves with a focus on management roles (top-down or participatory) and the motivational drivers of the people involved (ecocentric or anthropocentric). Based on qualitative interviews taken from the two case studies of the Mount Hakusan Biosphere Reserve in Japan and the Katunskiy Biosphere Reserve in Russia, a comparative analysis was conducted to explore the differences between the engagement of locals in the management of their biosphere reserves. This analysis examined relationships between the government and the local communities, the attitudes of the locals towards the biosphere reserves, and the historical perception on nature protection for each community. The findings showed that Russian biosphere reserves are mainly managed by local people who live inside the protected area while Japanese biosphere reserves are governed by local authorities and administration offices. This allows the Russian communities to have greater access to management processes, and therefore play a larger role in regional development.

scholarly journals Biosphere Reserves - Suggested Model of the Institution of Commons (Case study of the Šumava Biosphere Reserve)

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Těšitel ◽  
Drahomíra Kušová
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Suggested Model ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Biosphere Reserves

Biosphere Reserves - Suggested Model of the Institution of Commons (Case study of the Šumava Biosphere Reserve)An attempt to address the interdependence between human economies and natural ecosystems has been articulated in ecological economics, among others, in terms of ecosystem services. Introducing ecosystem services yields positive result in the sense that the theoretical concept of cultural landscape has been complemented by the more or less effective political scheme, suitable as a basis for practical decision making. Nevertheless, practical management of ecosystem services on landscape scale is a rather complex task. The concept ofinstitution of commonscould be suggested to be used when dealing with the problem of implementation of ecosystem services concept in practice. The overall aim of the contribution is to discuss whether or not, or to which extent,UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, the modern strategy in biodiversity conservation backed up by internationally agreed upon conventions, can be used as a model for institution of commons in landscape-scale nature protection. The discussion is based on empirical evidence gained within a long-term research conducted in the Šumava Biosphere Reserve, Czech Republic.

scholarly journals Preferences for Rural Living: Naturbanization Versus Accessibility

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. Ferrero ◽  
Inmaculada Astorkiza
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Residential Preferences ◽  
Rural Living ◽  
Protected Natural Area ◽  
Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Reserve Effect

<p>This paper aims to determine whether the urban sprawl onto the rustic lands of the Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve (UBR) is driven by the environmental and landscape qualities of this protected natural area and can be defined as “naturbanization”. Aware that residential choice factors are both complex and multidirectional, we have taken, as a comparison scenario, the unprotected rural area which borders with the Reserve (Ex UBR). This enables us to determine whether the housing preferences of new buyers are predominantly driven by the “reserve effect” (naturbanization), or by the appeal of the neighbouring unprotected area which is closer and better communicated to the city (accessibility) and presents less stringent building regulations.</p><p>Our findings for the UBR reveal a “reserve effect” that would support the naturbanization hypothesis, but the results obtained in both property markets show that the price-boosting impact of the “accessibility/proximity effect” in unprotected rural land is stronger than that of the UBR “reserve/naturbanization effect”.</p><p>Statistical tests conducted on the variables that determine urban sprawl into the non-developable rustic land of protected and unprotected areas serve to establish a definition/characterization of naturbanization that transcends the local/particular and applies to the general, becoming a small theoretical contribution on this issue. We conclude that naturbanization is characterized by factors that influence residential preferences of property buyers (house+rustic land) for protected natural areas. What gives naturbanization a distinctive characteristic is the subjection of such protected areas to specific conservation regulations that restrict choices and decisions of prospective buyers. These facts enrich our understanding of the tradeoffs between nature protection policies and economic development in these areas.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Recreational and Tourist Activities in the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve: Dynamics, Current State and Development Problems

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Recreational Facilities ◽  
Intensive Monitoring ◽  
Current State ◽  
Recreational Resources

Purpose. To analyze the peculiarities of the organization and problems of development of recreational and tourist activities and the dynamics of the number of visitors to the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve, determine the centers of the greatest recreational load and their current state. Methods. Geospatial analysis, statistical-mathematical, cartographic, etc. Results. The current state and features of the organization of recreation and tourism in the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve in combination with environmental activities, which provides for maximum greening and rational use of recreational resources. The dynamics and current structure of the number of visitors to the biosphere reserve in terms of protected areas and environmental research departments are also analyzed. As a result, it was found that over the last ten years from 2011 to 2020, the number of visitors to the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve has increased significantly, and its maximum was recorded in 2017 – 37 443 people. The greatest recreational load is experienced by the reserve «Dolyna nartsysiv», which is visited annually mainly in the spring by about 40 % of tourists and vacationers of the reserve. The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on recreational and tourist activities in the reserve, which in 2020 caused a sharp decrease in the number of visitors, with the exception of Tribushansky and Petros-Hoverlyansky nature protection research departments, which are characterized by a positive increase in visitors. Conclusions. The intensity of recreational and tourist activities in the reserve differs significantly, which causes an uneven recreational load on ecotourism routes, recreational facilities and protected areas. The greatest load on the recreational resources of the plain part of the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve is observed in May, then in Svydovetsky, Chornohirsky and others mountain protected areas active phase of recreational and tourist activities recorded in the summer - from June to August. Intensive monitoring of the recreational load and the current state of valuable landscape complexes of the reserve is needed at this period.

scholarly journals Strategic aspects of the nature protection activity in the biosphere reserve Shatskyy

2009 ◽  
pp. 242-249
Author(s):  
V. Naida
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
National Program ◽  
Ecological Network ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Strategy Of Development ◽  
Protection Activity ◽  
Subsequent Integration

The national program of forming of ecological network of Ukraine on 2000–2015 foresees creation of elements with subsequent integration in the European ecological network. Basic directions of development of BR «Shatskiy» are reflected in the article. Key words: ecological network, strategy of development, BR „Shatskiy”, „Western Polissya”.

Economic models of Environment monitoring under imperfect information and high Costs

2014 ◽  
pp. 99-122
Author(s):  
M. Levin ◽  
K. Matrosova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Imperfect Information ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Effective System

The paper considers monitoring of environmental change as the central element of environmental regulation. Monitoring, as each kind of principalagent relations, easily gives rise to corruptive behavior. In the paper we analyze economic models of environmental monitoring with high costs, incomplete information and corruption. These models should be the elements of environmental economics and are needed to create an effective system of nature protection measures.

Development of entrepreneurship in valuable natural rural areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 753-770
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Slusarza ◽  
Marek Cierpial-Wolan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Synthetic Indicators ◽  
Linkage Method ◽  
Endogenous Potential ◽  
Urbanized Region

The values of the natural environment in the subject literature are commonly indicated as an asset conducive to development shaping the competitiveness of areas with such values. The paper attempts to assess the use of endogenous potential of such areas in shaping the multifunctional, sustainable development of rural areas that have such qualities. In particular, the aim was to check to what extent the sme sector, dominating in the economic structure of rural areas, solves the key problem of labour market imbalance and population migration in environmentally valuable areas. The area of detailed research is Podkarpacie, the Polish region considered as a peripheral, border region, the least urbanized region with the highest share of areas covered by various forms of nature protection and forestation, with one of the lowest gdp per capita indicator in the country. For the purpose of implementing the research assumptions, a taxonomic unit (using the complete linkage method) consisting of powiats with the highest concentration of features characteristic for rural areas of high natural values was separated. Synthetic indicators calculated on the basis of the Hellwig taxonomic development pattern method and a positional method using Weber's median were used to assess the diversity of entrepreneurship level. The research confirmed that the non-agricultural economic activity sector is less developed in areas of high natural value. Despite positive developments in the enterprise sector, their potential is too weak an economic base for addressing unsustainable labour market problems, as evidenced by high unemployment and a high negative migration balance. This limits the use of the endogenous potential of these areas and is not conducive to the concept of multifunctional, sustainable development. Migration poses a threat to the depopulation of these areas with all the negative consequences associated with such processes. This is a challenge for the studied areas and regional policy.

Thysanoptera diversity associated with Mexican lemon (Citrus aurantifolia Christm.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Avendaño-Gutiérrez ◽  
Salvador Aguirre Paleo ◽  
Alejandro Morales Hernández ◽  
Venecia Quesadas-Béjar
Keyword(s):  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Diaphorina Citri ◽  
Program Calculation ◽  
Homogeneous Relation ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Scirtothrips Citri ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
First Time

Objective: To calculate the monthly relative abundance of Thysanoptera species, according to the Margalef, Simpson and Shannon-Wiener diversity indices. Design / Methodology / Approach: The work was carried out in three geographic units with conventional management, during January-December, 2019 in the Reserva de la Biosfera Zicuirán-Infiernillo (Biosphere Reserve), Michoacán, Mexico. In each unit, 10 trees were selected through simple random sampling. Thrips counts were performed on ten shoots per tree every 15 d, for a total of 7200 shoots in the three geographic units. Thysanoptera individuals were placed in entomological jars. The variables were: number of thrips collected per shoot in sampled tree and geographic unit (orchard). To estimate the specific richness and structure of species, the program "calculation of diversity indices DIVERS" was used. Results: In the three geographical units studied, the recorded presence of Thysanoptera accounted for 12 to 17 species. For Nueva Italia 12 recorded species, two were permanent (16.66%), five abundant (41.66%), one scarce (8.3%) and four rare (33.33%). In Zicuirán, three species were permanent (17.64%), six abundant (35.29%), two scarce (11.76%) and six rare (35.29%). In Los Hoyos, four species were permanent (26.66%), four abundant (26.66%) and seven rare (46.66%). The abundance of species was represented by the genus Frankliniella and the species Scolothrips sexmaculatus and Scirtothrips citri. The highest species richness and abundance was found from January to May. In October and November, the value of the calculated indices was zero, which shows less richness and abundance of individuals. The best species uniformity was recorded during January and December, which meant a more stable and homogeneous relation. Study limitations/Implications. Pest resurgence, presence of Candidatus Liberibacter spp. and its vector Diaphorina citri. Findings / Conclusions: in Nueva Italia, 12 species were taxonomically determined; in Los Hoyos 15, and in Zicuirán 17 species, which are reported for the first time in the state of Michoacán, Mexico. At the geographic unit "Los Hoyos" diversity was higher, uniform and stable.

REINTEGRATION OF THE CHORNOBYL NPP EXCLUSION ZONE ON THE BASIS OF THE DESIGN-PLANNING COMPLEX

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
I.I. Ustinova ◽  
◽  
M.M. Dyomin ◽  
G.V. Aylikova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
Design Planning ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation ◽  
First Time

The aim of the publication is to determine the prerequisites of and to elaborate on the foundations of the Exclusion Zone reintegration in order to address the issue of rational development of urban-planning documentation complex regarding the legitimacy of said territory exploitation. It is established that for the implementation of the «Radioactive waste management strategy» the production complex «Vector» is being constructed on the Exclusion Zone territory; a powerful park of renewable energy generation is being created to implement the «Chornobyl - a Territory of Change» strategy; a Chornobyl Radiation-Ecological Biosphere Reserve was established to support and increase the barrier function of the zone; in order to promote the Safe Chornobyl brand-name, the tourist traffic is being increased and the conditions for the visitors are improving. In the absence of developed and approved city planning documentation, the listed above causes the problem of legitimacy and rationality of the exclusion zone territory use. The paper for the first time raises the question of the need to elaborate the concept of functional planning of the Chornobyl NPP exclusion zone territory and the development of the design-planning complex (urban planning documentation): from the territory.

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