scholarly journals Recent Strategies in Organic Reactions Catalyzed by Phase Transfer Catalysts and Analyzed by Gas Chromatography

10.5772/33837 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. ◽  
Maw-Ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Organic Reactions ◽  
Phase Transfer Catalysts

scholarly journals Benzylation of N-phenyl-2-phenylacetamide under microwave irradiation

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 945-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Mijin ◽  
Masa Prascevic ◽  
Slobodan Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Benzyl Chloride ◽  
Main Product ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Free System ◽  
Phase Transfer Catalysts ◽  
Solvent Free System

N-Phenyl-2-phenylacetamide was alkylated with benzyl chloride in the presence of powdered potassium hydroxide under microwave irradiation in a solvent-free system. The reactions were also performed in the presence of phase-transfer catalysts. The formation of N-, O- and C-products of alkylation was followed by gas chromatography. The N-product was found to be the main product under microwave irradiation. The O-product was obtained in higher yields when an excess of base and benzyl chloride was used.

scholarly journals Alkylation of N-substituted 2-phenylacetamides: Benzylation of N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylacetamide

2004 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Mijin ◽  
Vida Jankovic ◽  
Slobodan Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Benzyl Chloride ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Alkylation Reaction ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Phase Transfer Catalysts ◽  
Different Temperatures

Benzylation of N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenylacetamidewith benzyl chloride in the presence of powdered potassium hydroxide under various reaction conditions was performed in order to establish the possible reaction products. Different temperatures and ratios of reactants and solvents were used. The reactions were also carried out in the presence of different phase-transfer catalysts in toluene as a solvent. The formation of the reaction products was followed using gas chromatography. On the basis of the obtained results, the reactivity and the orientation in the alkylation reaction of the investigated amide is discussed.

Green Application of Phase-Transfer Catalysis in Oxidation: A Comprehensive Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Chuan-Hui Wang ◽  
Chen-Fu Liu ◽  
Guo-Wu Rao
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Phase Transfer Catalysis ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Important Application ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Phase Transfer Catalysts ◽  
Onium Salts

Oxidation reactions have emerged as one of the most versatile tools in organic chemistry. Various onium salts such as ammonium, phosphonium, arsonium, bismuthonium, tellurium have been used as phase transfer catalysts in many oxidation reactions. Certainly, considerable catalysts have been widely used in Phase-Transfer Catalysis (PTC). This review focuses on the application of PTC in various oxidation reaction. Furthermore, PTC also conforms to the concept of “Green Chemistry”. <p></p> • Oxidation has become one of the most widely used tools in organic chemistry and phase transfer catalysts has been widely used in oxidation. <p></p> • The application of phase transfer catalysts in oxidation reaction will be summarized. <p></p> • Phase transfer catalysts have important application in various oxidation reaction.

Organocatalyzed Heterocyclic Transformations In Green Media: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neslihan Demirbas ◽  
Ahmet Demirbas
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Noncovalent Interactions ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Phase Transfer Catalysts ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Synthetic Methodologies ◽  
Organocatalytic Reactions

Background: Since the discovery of metal-free catalysts or organocatalysts about twenty years ago, a number of small molecules with different structures have been using to accelerate organic transformations. With the development of environmental awareness, in order to obtain highly privileged scaffolds, scientists have directed their studies towards the synthetic methodologies which minimize or preferably eliminate the formation of waste, avoid from toxic solvents and reagents and use renewable starting materials as far as possible. Methods: In this connection, the organocatalytic reactions providing efficiency and selectivity for most of case have become an endless topic in organic chemistry since several advantages from both practical and environmental standpoints. Organocatalysts supplying transformation of reactants into products with the least possible waste production have been serving to the concept of green chemistry. Results and Conclusion: Organocatalysts have been classified on the basis of their binding capacity to the substrate with covalently or noncovalent interactions involving hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction. Diverse types of small organic compounds including proline and its derivatives, phase-transfer catalysts, (thio)urease, phosphoric acids, sulfones, N-oxides, guanidines, cinchona derivatives, aminoindanol and amino acids have been utilized as hydrogen bonding organocatalysts in different chemical transformations.

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