scholarly journals Correlation of Vegetation and Air Temperature Seasonal Profiles - Spatial Arrangement and Temporal Variability

10.5772/33617 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simoniello Tiziana ◽  
Lanfredi Maria ◽  
Coppola Rosa ◽  
Imbrenda Vito ◽  
Macchiato Mari
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Spatial Arrangement

scholarly journals Characterizing the Hourly Variation of Urban Heat Islands in a Snowy Climate City during Summer

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 2467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaobin Yang ◽  
Ranghu Wang ◽  
Shuwen Zhang ◽  
Caoxiang Ji ◽  
Xie Fu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Urban Heat Islands ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Urban Heat

Temporal variation of urban heat island (UHI) intensity is one of the most important themes in UHI studies. However, fine-scale temporal variability of UHI with explicit spatial information is sparse in the literature. Based on the hourly air temperature from 195 meteorological stations during August 2015 in Changchun, China, hourly spatiotemporal patterns of UHI were mapped to explore the temporal variability and the effects of land use on the thermal environment using time series analysis, air temperature profiling, and spatial analysis. The results showed that: (1) high air temperature does not indicate strong UHI intensity. The nighttime UHI intensity (1.51 °C) was much stronger than that in the daytime (0.49 °C). (2) The urban area was the hottest during most of the day except the period from late morning to around 13:00 when there was about a 40% possibility for an “inverse UHI intensity” to appear. Paddy land was the coolest in the daytime, while woodland had the lowest temperature during the nighttime. (3) The rural area had higher warming and cooling rates than the urban area after sunrise and sunset. It appeared that 23 °C was the threshold at which the thermal characteristics of different land use types changed significantly.

scholarly journals Spatial-temporal variability of rainfall and mean air temperature for the state of Bahia, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
CAIQUE C. MEDAUAR ◽  
SAMUEL A. SILVA ◽  
LUIS CARLOS C. CARVALHO ◽  
ÍCARO M. GALVÃO ◽  
PHILYPE V. MACÊDO
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
The State

scholarly journals Climate and basin drivers of seasonal river water temperature dynamics

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 3231-3247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric L. R. Laizé ◽  
Cristian Bruna Meredith ◽  
Michael J. Dunbar ◽  
David M. Hannah
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Stream Temperature ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Specific Humidity ◽  
Wave Radiation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract. Stream water temperature is a key control of many river processes (e.g. ecology, biogeochemistry, hydraulics) and services (e.g. power plant cooling, recreational use). Consequently, the effect of climate change and variability on stream temperature is a major scientific and practical concern. This paper aims (1) to improve the understanding of large-scale spatial and temporal variability in climate–water temperature associations, and (2) to assess explicitly the influence of basin properties as modifiers of these relationships. A dataset was assembled including six distinct modelled climatic variables (air temperature, downward short-wave and long-wave radiation, wind speed, specific humidity, and precipitation) and observed stream temperatures for the period 1984–2007 at 35 sites located on 21 rivers within 16 basins (Great Britain geographical extent); the study focuses on broad spatio-temporal patterns, and hence was based on 3-month-averaged data (i.e. seasonal). A wide range of basin properties was derived. Five models were fitted (all seasons, winter, spring, summer, and autumn). Both site and national spatial scales were investigated at once by using multi-level modelling with linear multiple regressions. Model selection used multi-model inference, which provides more robust models, based on sets of good models, rather than a single best model. Broad climate–water temperature associations common to all sites were obtained from the analysis of the fixed coefficients, while site-specific responses, i.e. random coefficients, were assessed against basin properties with analysis of variance (ANOVA). All six climate predictors investigated play a role as a control of water temperature. Air temperature and short-wave radiation are important for all models/seasons, while the other predictors are important for some models/seasons only. The form and strength of the climate–stream temperature association vary depending on season and on water temperature. The dominating climate drivers and physical processes may change across seasons and across the stream temperature range. The role of basin permeability, size, and elevation as modifiers of the climate–water temperature associations was confirmed; permeability has the primary influence, followed by size and elevation. Smaller, upland, and/or impermeable basins are the most influenced by atmospheric heat exchanges, while larger, lowland and permeable basins are the least influenced. The study showed the importance of accounting properly for the spatial and temporal variability of climate–stream temperature associations and their modification by basin properties.

Spatio-temporal variability of near-surface air temperature in the Dokriani glacier catchment (DGC), central Himalaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 136 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 1513-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairam Singh Yadav ◽  
Bhanu Pratap ◽  
Anil K. Gupta ◽  
D. P. Dobhal ◽  
R. B. S. Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Central Himalaya ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal variability of sugarcane yield efficiency in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Ricardo Marin ◽  
Gustavo Luís de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Sugarcane Yield

The objective of this work was to assess the spatial and temporal variability of sugarcane yield efficiency and yield gap in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, throughout 16 growing seasons, considering climate and soil as main effects, and socioeconomic factors as complementary. An empirical model was used to assess potential and attainable yields, using climate data series from 37 weather stations. Soil effects were analyzed using the concept of production environments associated with a soil aptitude map for sugarcane. Crop yield efficiency increased from 0.42 to 0.58 in the analyzed period (1990/1991 to 2005/2006 crop seasons), and yield gap consequently decreased from 58 to 42%. Climatic factors explained 43% of the variability of sugarcane yield efficiency, in the following order of importance: solar radiation, water deficit, maximum air temperature, precipitation, and minimum air temperature. Soil explained 15% of the variability, considering the average of all seasons. There was a change in the correlation pattern of climate and soil with yield efficiency after the 2001/2002 season, probably due to the crop expansion to the west of the state during the subsequent period. Socioeconomic, biotic and crop management factors together explain 42% of sugarcane yield efficiency in the state of São Paulo.

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