scholarly journals Biological Activities and Effects of Food Processing on Flavonoids as Phenolic Antioxidants

10.5772/30690 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannou Irina ◽  
Ghoul Mohame
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants

scholarly journals Bioactive Peptides

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 914-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereidoon Shahidi ◽  
Ying Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Peptide Preparation ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract Peptides with biological activities, released during gastrointestinal digestion or food processing, play an important role in metabolic regulation and modulation, suggesting their potential use as nutraceuticals and functional food ingredients for health promotion and disease risk reduction. Many studies have reported that peptides from various food sources possess bioactivities, including antihypertensive, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and opioid activities as well as immunomodulatory and cholesterol-lowering effects. More studies are being performed exploring the sources, bioavailabilities, and possible physiological/functional properties and the mechanisms of action of bioactive peptides. Technological approaches in terms of peptide preparation, purification, and characterization have also been investigated.

scholarly journals Effect of the Modifications on the Physicochemical and Biological Properties of β-Glucan—A Critical Review

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjie Yuan ◽  
Ping Lan ◽  
Yan He ◽  
Chengliang Li ◽  
Xia Ma
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Triple Helix ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Enzymatic Modification ◽  
Anti Oxidant

β-Glucan exhibits many biological activities and functions such as stimulation of the immune system and anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-infective, anti-viral, anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, anti-coagulant, cholesterol-lowering, radio protective, and wound healing effects. It has a wide variety of uses in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and chemical industries as well as in food processing units. However, due to its dense triple helix structure, formed by the interaction of polyhydroxy groups in the β-d-glucan molecule, it features poor solubility, which not only constrains its applications, but also inhibits its physiological function in vivo. One aim is to expand the applications for modified β-glucan with potential to prevent disease, various therapeutic purposes and as health-improving ingredients in functional foods and cosmetics. This review introduces the major modification methods required to understand the bioactivity of β-glucan and critically provides a literature survey on the structural features of this molecule and reported biological activity. We also discuss a new method to create novel opportunities to exploit maximally various properties of β-glucan, namely ultrasound-assisted enzymatic modification.

scholarly journals Functionality changes of natural antioxidants during food processing and storage

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (SI - Chem. Reactions in Foods V) ◽  
pp. S80-S83 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pokorný ◽  
Š. Schmidt ◽  
H. T T Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

Food raw materials and products contain inhibitors of oxidation reactions, both in the lipidic phase and the aqueous phase. The most important inhibitors are phenolic antioxidants. During food processing and storage, concentrations of antioxidants in the two phases reach an equilibrium. Phenolics react with lipidic free radicals, being converted into antioxidant free radicals, quinones, polymers and copolymers. Some degradation products possess an antioxidant activity, too. The relative antioxidant activity decreases with decreasing concentration of oxygen in the system and with increasing temperature. Antioxidants are more rapidly decomposed in surface layers. Health aspects of antioxidant degradation products are often neglected as the safety of antioxidant degradation products is mostly unknown.

scholarly journals The Influence of Mg(II) and Ca(II) Ions on Rutin Autoxidation in Weakly Alkaline Aqueous Solutions

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavoljub C. Živanović ◽  
Ružica S. Nikolić ◽  
Goran M. Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Transformation Rate ◽  
Water Addition ◽  
Weakly Alkaline ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Rutin Transformation

Summary Rutin (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside) is one of the most abundant bioflavonoids with various biological and pharmacological activities. Considering the ubiquitous presence of Mg(II) and Ca(II) ions in biological systems we decided to investigate their influence on the autoxidation of rutin in weakly alkaline aqueous solutions. Changes in UV-Vis spectra recorded during the rutin autoxidation in aqueous solution at pH 8.4 revealed that this process was very slow in the absence of metal ions. The presence of Mg(II) and, especially Ca(II) ion, increased the transformation rate of rutin. UV-Vis spectra recorded after prolonged autoxidation indicated the formation of humic acidlike products in the presence of Mg(II) and Ca(II) ions. Four new compounds formed during the initial stage of rutin autoxidation in the presence of Mg(II) and Ca(II) ions were detected by HPLCDAD. Based on the analysis of their DAD UV-Vis spectra and comparison of their retention times with the retention time value for rutin, we concluded that the initial rutin transformation products were formed by the water addition on double bond in ring C and hydroxylation of ring B. A very small decrease of the initial rutin concentration (4%) was observed by HPLC-DAD in the absence of metal ions for the period of 90 minutes. However, rutin concentration decrease was much larger in the presence of Mg(II) and Ca(II) ions (14% and 24%, respectively). The more pronounced effect of Ca(II) ion on the rutin autoxidation may be explained by the stronger binding of Mg(II) ion to rutin and thus greater stabilizing effect on reaction intermediates caused by its higher ionic potential (charge/ionic radius ratio) in comparison to Ca(II) ion. The results of this study may contribute to the better understanding of interactions of Mg(II) and Ca(II) ions with natural phenolic antioxidants which are important for their various biological activities.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Constituents, Biological Activities, and Health-Promoting Effects of the Melissa officinalis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Javad Sharifi-Rad ◽  
Cristina Quispe ◽  
Jesús Herrera-Bravo ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Wafa Abbaass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Health Promoting

Medicinal plants are being used worldwide for centuries for their beneficial properties. Some of the most popular medicinal plants belong to the Melissa genus, and different health beneficial effects have already been identified for this genus. Among these species, in particular, the Melissa officinalis L. has been reported as having many biological activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumour, antiviral, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, and also flatulence inhibiting effects. The beneficial properties of the Melissa officinalis, also known as “lemon balm herb”, can be related to the bioactive compounds such as terpenoids, alcohols, rosmarinic acid, and phenolic antioxidants which are present in the plant. In this updated review, the botanical, geographical, nutritional, phytochemical, and traditional medical aspects of M. officinalis have been considered as well as in vitro and in vivo and clinically proven therapeutic properties have been reviewed with a special focus on health-promoting effects and possible perspective nutraceutical applications. To evidence the relevance of this plant in the research and completely assess the context, a literature quantitative research analysis has been performed indicating the great interest towards this plant for its beneficial properties.

scholarly journals Review On: Progress In Wheat Bread Improvement: Emphasis on Ingredient Functionality

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Gashaw Abebaw
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Wheat Bread ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Appearance Quality ◽  
Amaranth Seed ◽  
Bakery Industry ◽  
Chestnut Flour

Bread is one of the oldest functional foods which its health effects have been investigated in many studies. The current communication presents a review of the in recent years on the topic and looks at possible future trends in the improved nutritional and health qualities which have been applied in the bakery industry, directing it further to the formulation design and production of functional pieces of bread. The results show that many beneficial ingredients such as dietary fibers, phenolic antioxidants, marine ingredients, and n-3 fatty acids can be used in the bread industry to increase its functionality and result in healthy products, low in calories, cholesterol, and celiac disease. Moreover, the use of psyllium seed, amaranth seed, chestnut flour, and prebiotics in gluten-free bread (GFB) baking may be the promising frontier to improve the overall appearance, quality, sensory properties, and shelf-life of gluten-free bread. To improve the quality of life of these patients from a dietary standpoint, food-processing researchers have been seeking to develop high-quality gluten-free bread. As the quality of wheat pieces of bread depends largely on the viscoelastic properties of gluten, various ingredients have been employed to simulate its effects, such as hydrocolloids, transglutaminase, and proteases.

Synthesis, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Some New Nsubstituted Azachalcone, Schiff base and Pyrazole Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 631-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedime Çalışkan ◽  
Asu Usta ◽  
Fatih Şaban Beriş ◽  
Nimet Baltaş ◽  
Efsun Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
Emergence Of Resistance ◽  
Ammonium Compounds

Pyrazoles, Schiff bases and the quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) such as N-alkyl substituted azachalcones are the important group of chemical individuals with widespread usage in many fields of science. In particular, these compounds have proven biological activities. In addition, the emergence of resistance against antibiotics used is the cause of an increasing necessity of new effective substances. Therefore, new N-alkyl substituted derivatives (4-7), 1,3,5-trisubstituted-2- pyrazoles (8-10) and Schiff bases (11-13) with biological activities such as phenolic. antioxidants or QAC were synthesized, starting from azachalcones. The structures of the compounds were elucidated with spectral methods including IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, COSY spectral data and elemental analyses. The prepared compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity against four Gram-positive bacteria, and four Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the N-alkylated azachalcone derivatives 5 and 7 (7.8 mg/mL) showed strong antimicrobial activities, especially against Bacillus cereus. Antioxidant capacities of the synthesized compounds were determined by using CUPRAC and FRAP methods. As a result, compound 9 was observed to be more effective than other compounds.

scholarly journals Immunomodulatory and antineoplastic efficacy of common spices and their connection with phenolic antioxidants

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baojun Xu ◽  
Kumar Ganesan ◽  
Suresh Mickymaray ◽  
Faiz Abdulaziz Alfaiz3 ◽  
Rajarajan Thatchinamoorthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Tnf Α

Background: Spices have generally offered a conventional way to avert and heal various communicable and non-communicable diseases due to their efficacy and safety and their noteworthy contribution towards understanding targeted drug action and drug delivery systems. Hence, the current investigation is designed to evaluate the immunomodulatory and antineoplastic efficacy of 15 spices that connect with the flavonoid and total polyphenol ingredients. This study includes the 15 adopted spices and their total flavonoid and polyphenol contents, cell viability assay (MTT), immunomodulatory efficacy (NO, TNF-α), and antineoplastic efficacy (using six cancer cell lines).Methods: The quantification of the flavonoid and phenolic content of methanolic extracts of 15 spices was performed by colorimetric assay. The immunomodulatory efficacy was studied according to their capacity to prevent NO and TNF-α synthesis in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Cell viability was observed using MTT colorimetric assay. Antineoplastic efficacy was determined with six cancer cell lines, namely liver (HepG2), colon (HT29), breast (MCF7), pancreas (MIA PaCa2), lung (A549) and blood (Raji). Results: The outcome of significant immunomodulatory efficacy of the spices was noted in the following sequences: Acorus calamus L.(Inhibition of NO-49.32 ± 4.29 µg/mL and TNF-α 96.35 ± 8.23 µg/mL)> Alpinia galanga Wild (Inhibition of NO-55.69 ± 5.89µg/mL and TNF-α 102.36 ± 8.96 µg/mL)> Armoracia rusticana Gaerth (Inhibition of NO-82.44 ± 5.98 µg/mL and TNF-α 115.69 ± 7.59)> Capparis spinosa L. (Inhibition of NO-127.59 ± 5.68 µg/mL and TNF-α 123.58 ± 8.56 µg/mL) > Aframomum melegueta K. Schum (Inhibition of NO-169.89 ± 6.89 µg/mL and TNF-α 144.59 ± 7.89 µg/mL). The remaining spices considerably inhibited the generation of NO and TNF-α. All spices studied exhibited highly significant antineoplastic effects against all six cell lines. Noteworthy biological activities were observed in A. calamus, A. galanga, A. rusticana, C. spinose, and A. melegueta which have bulk quantities of polyphenols.Conclusion: Based on the present findings, spices are possible candidates for novel antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic agents.Keywords: Spices; cancer cell lines; immunomodulatory; antineoplastic; total polyphenol contents

scholarly journals Establishing pinostrobin reference standard for quantitative analysis of the rhizomes of Boesenbergia pandurata

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Nhan Trung Nguyen ◽  
Truong Nhat Van Do ◽  
An Phu Thi Do ◽  
Mai Thanh Thi Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Main Ingredient ◽  
System Suitability ◽  
Quantitative Hplc Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Hplc

Boesenbergia pandurata Roxb. Schlecht. (Zingiberaceae), called ``Ngai bun'' in Viet Nam, is one of the Southeast Asian medicinal plants and its rhizomes are used primarily as a spice. This is a perennial, short-stemmed plant, formed by leaf sheaths and can grow up to 50 cm. The leaves are 7-11 cm wide and 25-50 cm long. Its rhizome surfaces are light brown in color, the inner rhizome is yellow, oval-shaped, and has a very aromatic odor. In folklore, Boesenbergia pandurata rhizomes are used as a spice for food processing. This plant contains pinostrobin as the major constituents. Previously showed that pinostrobin compound is the main ingredient together with a variety of biological activities such as antibacterial, inhibition of free radicals, ... Pinostrobin is necessary composition for the screening, testing, and quality evaluation of the rhizomes of B. pandurata species and others in the Zingiberaceae family. This research had conducted a reference standard of pinostrobin isolated from the rhizomes of B. pandurata had 99.26 % purity, which is reliable in medicinal testing. An HPLC method for pinostrobin determination was conducted and The quantitative HPLC analysis was validated for system suitability, selectivity, linearity ranges, and precision. Application of the process to investigate the preparation of extract shown that reflux extraction with ethanol obtained the highest pinostrobin content with 22.05 % in extracts and 2.89 % in dried rhizomes of B. pandurata.

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